Blood and Plasma

Dr Krishna Badal, MD,

PhD Aspirant
Head of Academics
AIU, Uzbekistan

2/11/2024 .
 XBLOOD - INTRODUCTION

connective tissue in FForm

BoneeTase 3
S
02
·

Fluid of life >

-

.
&
Fluid of growth >
-

Glucose , Hormones
· Fluid of Health -
Antibodies WBLs .

,
 INTRODUCTION Contd..
Composition of Blood

Plasma
(55%)
RBC
Blood
Cells
WBC
(45%)

Platelets
 -
plasma (55%) Blood cells (45%)

#matocrit
↑platelets
RBC

↳
WBLs
· Serum.

H = 15Smidl . Tacked Cell Volume (PCX) - Column of 'RBCs

X3
(bottom of the tube)
PN =

% 45 Expressed as
>
-
semum :

Plasma-clotting
-

Factor
(Fibrinosen)

importance :
- -
user 15 detect Different antibodies
 values of some important substances in Blood
*

①
~
KidneyDisease
-

> In o
--

~
-

- -

- -

⑦ -

* -

*
-

* -
 Diabetes Hyposlycemia
↓, Blood sufer
Hyperglycemia
↓
level

level
↑ Blood 54far

7
126mgldt
FBS (Fasting
B1000 Sugars >
- >

blood suger) > 200mg/d Diabetes

.
PPBs (post prandial
>
-
 * PROPERTIES OF BLOOD
-
• Color:
– Red (due to presence of hemoglobin in RBC ),
– Arterial blood: bright red (due to oxy- Hb),
– Venous blood: dark red (due to Carboxy –Hb) > Bluish
- -

- .

> -

•Specific gravity: 1.050-1.060

•Reaction: Slightly alkaline
•PH: 7.35- 7.45 (average: 7.40)
•Volume: 7-8% per cent of body weight, 5-6 liters in 70 kg
-

man
~
• Temperature: 36-37 degree Celsius
--

• Osmotic pressure: 25-30 mm Hg concotic pressures

-
-

• Viscosity: 4.5 times more Viscous than water

- -

~
• Osmolarity: 290-310 mosm/l
- -
 1000
Volume 8.% of Body weight

= 8% x 70g

= x7Lite

'5 6 Life'
=
.

~
① 38 = 8
.

/x3000x200
Miscosity :

↑ RBCs
in Blood :
'Polycythemia

I
↓ RBCs in Bloo : 'Anemia' also cause

issue
Hypoxia
"

Blood becomes toothick >

- can't
Flow property
inside the capillaries

issue
Hypoxia'
 Acidosis
: Alkalosis
-
-
Metabolic Metabolic alosis
Respiratory Alkalemia
Respiratory
↑
-

↳ 131000
7 45
.

idosis &

Acidemia
-

)
+

(H
 FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD

-
A. Transport function
1.Transport of respiratory gases (O2 and CO2)
- -

O2 from lungs to tissue

--

CO2 from tissue to lungs

2.Transport of nutrient > Glucose AA Fatty AdiOS
-

.
-

- ,
,

--- Nutrients after they are absorbed from GI tract are carried by
blood to tissue
3.It help to transport vitamin, hormones and other substance to the
place where they are utilized
4.Transport the metabolic waste product to the site of excretion.
(KIDNEY,LUNGS)
Macronutrients
-

Carbohydrates proteins Fats

-
-

Polypeptide Triglycerides
polysacchario
* *
*

* Disaccharide
*
oligopeptide *
Ety
Acids
mino acids
*
ono sacchance
*
Glucose

A DEE
micronutrients Vitamins - -

C
B and

-minerals

Singe copper
Fodire
,
Iron
,
Zina
 FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD
~
B. Help in regulation of water and electrolyte
balance:
– Fluid portion (plasma) of blood is interchangeable with
the inter cellular fluid of tissue, by this property it help
- -

to maintain water and electrolyte balance.

>

~
C. Maintenance of acid base balance:
– By its buffering action and with help of kidney and
-

lungs ; blood maintains Acid- base balance

-

- -

"P7
"

.
35-7 45
.
 Dehydrationiis
*

, of water from the body

t

Electrolytes
↓
ICF

- >
plasma
 FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD
-
D .Regulation of body temperature
Blood has high water content, water presents in blood help in
> -

regulation of body
-

temperature
~
-

E. Defensive function
1.WBC by its phagocytic property engulf foreign substance .
-
-
-

2.Antibodies present in blood which fight against toxic substance

- -

~F. It maintains colloidal osmotic pressure Concotic pressure)

-
-

-
G. Prevent bleeding by the help of platelets and
- -

clotting factors.
-
 stops
#w
Bleeding
Steps :

⑨ vasoconstriction by Sympathetic
- caused Nervous
System :

-
③ platelet plug formation :

② permanent
blood clot :
nclot
Fir
 PLASMA
■ Plasma is the yellow liquid component of blood, in which the blood cells
are suspended.
■ It forms 55% of blood volume, which is around 3 - 3.5 liters.

COMPOSITION:
1. Water (91-92%)
2. Inorganic substances: Na+, K+ , Ca+, Iron, CO2 ,O2 etc.
3. Organic substances:
a) Plasma proteins and amino acids.
b) Fats and carbohydrates.
c) Waste products; Urea, Uric acids, Ammonia, Creatinine etc.
d) Hormones, Enzymes
e) Coloring material: Bilirubin, Carotine etc
Y
=
-