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    The Occupation of Manila

    Torture, hunger, and violence, that is how they described the World War II
    and the Japanese invasion in the Philippines. Japan wanted to conquer South-
    East Asian countries and even Western countries for natural resources that
    they cannot be fount in their homeland. Why did the Japan wants to
    colonized the Philippines? Because Japan sees the Philippines as a strategic
    location.

    During the World War II, United States was a neutral country., but when the
    Japanese bombed the Pear Harbor in Hawaii, America formally entered the
    World War II. Since, United States know that Japan wanted to invade the
    Philippines, Commonwealth decided to establish the Commonwealth Act No.1
    or the National Defense Act. Headed by General Douglas MacArthur they
    established a military group called United States Army Forces in the Far East
    (USAFE).

    On December 08, 1941 and the succeeding days, Japanese bombed many
    places, including Clark Field, Davao, Baguio, Aparri, Nichols Field, Sangley
    Point, and Manila. On December 22, 1941, Japanese departed in Lingayen
    and due to lack of support USAFE cannot oppose the arm forces of Japan.
    From Lingayen, Japanese marched up to Central Luzon. December 24, 1941,
    General MacArthur declared Manila as an open city to avoid further
    destruction. But, on January 02, 1942, Japanese officially entered and
    occupied Manila.

    The Fall of Bataan and Corregidor

    Manuel L. Quezon suffered in tuberculosis and General MacArthur ordered


    him to evacuate in Corregidor, where it is much safer. And General MacArthur
    along with his USAFE troops forced to retreat in Bataan. But President
    Roosevelt, ordered General MacArthur to go back in Australia. Due to the
    departure of General MacArthur, the force of USAFE in Bataan weakens. On
    April 9, 1942, USAFE troops surrendered to Japanese army. The soldiers who
    surrender were brutally forced to march from Mariveles to San Fernando,
    where they will be transported to Capas, Tarlac.

    After the fall of Bataan, Japanese forces head to Corregidor and they
    constantly bombed the area until the morning of May 06, 1942, General
    Jonathan Wainwright decided to surrender to the Japanese army. And the
    same day, Philippines fall on the hands of the Japanese.

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