Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
17 views

Vibration Using Matlab and Simulink

Uploaded by

tuhin.kesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views

Vibration Using Matlab and Simulink

Uploaded by

tuhin.kesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Paper ID #44818

Vibration Using Matlab and Simulink


Prof. Abhishek Kumar, Wentworth Institute of Technology
I am an Assistant Professor in Wentworth Institute of Technology. I have completed PhD from University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

©American Society for Engineering Education, 2024


Single Degree of Freedom Vibration Using Matlab and
Simulink

Abhishek Kumar

Wentworth Institute of Technology


Abstract:
This work in progress paper presents an active learning approach to teach vibrations effectively
to students without any labs/hands on experiments. Computer simulation is a vital part of any
course involving moving systems. Vibrations is mathematically very intensive course and often
students find it very difficult and boring. To make this class interesting and engaging, the
instructor integrated Simulink and Matlab in the course to help students understand the
dynamics of moving parts and vibrating systems. In this paper our focus is on Single Degree of
Freedom Vibration, both free and Forced Vibration problem is discussed. This paper also
presents results from a survey regarding how the software affected students’ learning and
understanding of vibrating systems.
Introduction:
Mechanical Vibration[8] is a mandatory class for Mechanical Engineering major in Wentworth
Institute of technology. In this 3 credit course Senior students learn about basic of Vibration. The
major student outcomes of the course are that the student must be able to a) derive the system
differential equations for single (one) and multiple degree-of-freedom vibrating systems {sdf and
mdf systems}; b) solve for the analytical solutions for single degree-of-freedom systems for free
and forced responses; c) solve analytically for the natural frequencies and mode shapes for
multiple degree-of-freedom systems, with primary emphasis on two degree-of-freedom systems;
d) design a simple vibration absorber system. The prerequisite for the course is Engineering
Dynamics course. When I taught this course for 1st time in Spring 2022 the majority of class time
went on deriving the equations and solving lots of differential equations by hand, in a nutshell
this course was more of an extension of many differential course that student take. To make the
lecture more engaging I introduced MATLAB modules for all the kind of problems that we cover
in this class. Once our model is established, we use that to solve different application problems
and spend more time of the class in analysis then derivation and calculation. In this paper I will
discuss 3 problems that I did as part of this class.
Students are introduced Matlab in their 1st year Engineering course. To review the matlab and
have familiarity with basics students are asked to complete Matlab OnRamp and Simulink
OnRamp course offered by Mathworks[9]. These are self paced free online course offered by
Mathworks. In my interaction with Industry which recruits Wentworth graduates a frequent
advice is that students of all majors should be comfortable with Programming and Simulation.
Many papers discuss how Simulink can be used effectively in areas such as dynamic systems,
[1],[3],[6] and mechanical systems,[2],[9] and [7].

Model Description:
In this section we have developed the Matlab and Simulink models for 3 problems
1) Spring Mass Damper System under free Response
2) Spring Mass Damper System under forced Response
3) Simulink Model for Damped system with Forced Response

Spring Mass Damper System under free Response

m = mass of system (Kg)

k = stiffness of the system (N/m)

c = damping constant of the system (N-s/m)

The response for the free Vibration system is given as

𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 0 (1)


The above equation is a second order constant-coefficient differential equation. To solve this
equation we have to reduce it into two first order differential equations. This step is taken
because MATLAB uses a Runge-Kutta method to solve differential equations, which is valid only
for first order equations.
Let
x=v (2)
The above expression can be simplified as

𝑚𝑣̇ + 𝑐𝑣 + 𝑘𝑥 = 0
We can write as
𝑐 𝑘
𝑣̇ = [ − 𝑣 − 𝑥] (3)
𝑚 𝑚

We can see that the second order differential equation (1) has been reduced to two first order
differential equations (2) and (3).
For simplicity let’s put
x = y(1) and v = y(2)
Equation 2 and 3 can be written in variable y as

𝑦̇ (1) = 𝑦(2) (4)


𝑐 𝑘
𝑦̇ (2) = [ − 𝑦(2) − 𝑦(1) ] (5)
𝑚 𝑚

4 and 5 are the 2 differential equation that we can solve using the function ode45 in Matlab to
get value for position(x) and velocity (𝑥̇ ). The response for x is shown in Fig 1

Fig-1 Response of Position for Free Vibration Single Degree of Freedom

Spring Mass Damper System under forced Response

m = mass of system (Kg)

k = stiffness of the system (N/m)

c = damping constant of the system (N-s/m)

f = Magnitude of applied force

w = Frequency of Force applied

For the forced vibration problem the governing equation is given as


𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 𝑓𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑤𝑡) (6)
Similar to previous problem in this case also the ode can be
𝑦̇ (1) = 𝑦(2) (7)
𝑓 𝑐 𝑘
𝑦̇ (2) = [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑤𝑡) − 𝑦(2) − 𝑦(1) ] (8)
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚

Equation 7 and 8 can be solved to get the response of position and velocity
for the mass.

Fig-2 Response of Position for Forced Vibration Single Degree of Freedom


Simulink Model for Single Degree of Freedom
The Simulink model developed for single degree of freedom system is shown below, k is for
stiffness, b is for damping constant and m is for mass of the system. Input is source function
and output is value for position(x). Basic operators of Simulink such as Integrator and Sum is
used to make this model.
Figure 3 Simulink Model for Forced Single Degree of Freedom system

Student Survey:
Sample size: 25
The following questions were asked in the survey to assess the interest of students in using
ADAMS in future offerings.
Question 1. Simulations provide an effective source of learning response analysis. The options
were Strongly agree, Agree, No Opinion, Disagree and Strongly Disagree
23/25 students have Opinion better than Agree and Strongly Agree.
Question 2. Did Matlab Module helped learn the concept of Vibration better ?
Only 3 students out of 25 have opinion either neutral or less than that.
Conclusion:
In this paper I have discussed the use of Matlab to ease learning in Vibration course, hypothesis
for learning is validated by student survey. This helps students to learn about the concept
without getting overwhelmed by all the mathematical function behind that. In the future work I
will add more degree of freedom and complex problems using Simulink.

Reference
1. Ali,A., ((2017), “Methods to Improve Students Learning in Dynamic Systems and Control Course”,
2017 ASEE Zone II Conference

2. Azad, A., Tokhi, M.O.; Pathania, A.; Shaheed, M.H.(2004), “A matlab/simulink based environment
for intelligent modelling and simulation of flexible manipulator systems”, ASEE Annual Conference
Proceedings, Jun 20-23, 2004, p 9547-9560.

3. Bolton, R. and Zoghi, B.,(2003), “Enhancing system dynamics instruction for technologists with
simulation”, ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, Jun 22-25, 2003, p 11408-11411.
4. Felder, R. M. and Silverman, L. K.,(1988), “Learning and Teaching Styles in Engineering
Education,” Engineering Education 78(7), pp. 674-681.

5. Jensen, E. (1998), “Teaching with the Brain in Mind,” Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision
and Curriculum Development.

6. Klegka, J.S. and O'Donovan, T.E.,(2002), “Using SIMULINK as a design tool”, ASEE Annual
Conference Proceedings, Jun 16-19, 2002, p 8505-8517. .

7. Metzger, R.P. and Rodriguez, A.,(2002), “An Interactive Modeling, Simulation, Animation, and
Real-Time Control (MoSART) flexible Inverted Pendulum Environmnet”, ASEE Annual Conference
Proceedings, Jun 16-19, 2002, p 1-9.

8. Rao, S.S., “Mechanical Vibrations”, 6th edition, Pearson

9. https://matlabacademy.mathworks.com/details/matlab-onramp/gettingstarted

You might also like