Project Management

PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROJECT
 is a temporary and often customized initiative that consists of many smaller tasks and
activities that must be coordinated and completed to finish the entire initiative on time
and within budget.
 In many firms, projects are the major value-creation process, and the major activities
in the value chain revolve around projects. Some examples are market research
studies, construction, movie production, software development, book publishing and
wedding planning.
 In all project situations, projects require systematic management.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
 involves all activities associated with planning, scheduling, and controlling projects.
 Good project management ensures that an organization's resources are used
efficiently and effectively.
Project management is becoming more important in achieving environmental, social, and
economic sustain-ability.
New jobs are emerging, having titles such as environmental project manager, health and
safety manager, environmental auditor, and sustainability compliance manager.
Project management skills are also essential to coordinate the multiple project disciplines
needed to successfully accomplish a project with complete or partial sustainability objectives
and desired outcomes.
THE SCOPE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT

1. Define: Projects are implemented to satisfy some need; thus, the first step in managing a
project is to clearly define its goal, its responsibilities and deliverables, and when it must be
accomplished.
2. Plan: In this stage, the steps needed to execute a project are defined; it is determined who
will perform these steps; and the start and completion dates are developed.
3. Organize: Organizing involves such activities as forming a team, allocating resources,
calculating costs, assessing risk, preparing project documentation, and ensuring good
communications.
4. Control: This stage asses how well a project meets i god and objectives and mar cistents as
necessary.
5. Close: Closing a project involves compiling statistics, releasing and/or reassigning people,
and preparing a "lessons learned" list.
ROLES OF THE PROJECT MANAGER AND TEAM MEMBERS

PROJECTS MANAGERS
 It is their job to build an effective team, motivate them, provide advice and support,
align project with the firms strategy and, direct and supervise the conduct of the
project from beginning to end.
Several principles can help project managers be successful:
 Manage people individually and as a project team.
 Reinforce the commitment and excitement of the project team.
 Keep everyone informed.
 Build agreements and consensus among the team.
 Empower the project team.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Some organizations use a PURE PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE whereby
team members are assigned exclusively to projects and report only to the project manager.
A pure functional organizational structure charters projects exclusively within functional
departments, such as manufacturing or research and development.
In a typical functional organization, a project cuts across organizational boundaries.
Assigning projects exclusively to functional areas makes communication across the
organization difficult and can limit the effectiveness of projects that require a systems
perspectives
A practical solution to this dilemma is a matrix organizational structure, which "lends"
resources to projects while still maintaining control over them.
Project managers coordinate the work across the functions.
This minimizes duplication of resources and facilitates communication across the
organization but requires that resources be negotiated.
Functional managers may be reluctant to provide the resources, and employees assigned to
projects might relegate a project to a lower priority than their daily functional job, making it
difficult for the project manager to control the project.
The Penalties of Poor Project Management

Not completing projects on time can have severe consequences.

Project Management

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT

THE SCOPE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT

ROLES OF THE PROJECT MANAGER AND TEAM MEMBERS

The Penalties of Poor Project Management

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