Draft Reso 2/0

Draft Resolution 2.0

Sponsors: Republic of India, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

Signatories: Islamic Republic of Iran, The Swiss Confederation, Malaysia, Republic of Italy, Federal
Republic of Germany, Islamic Republic of Egypt, Kingdom of Sweden, Republic of France, Republic
of Ireland, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Russian Federation, United Arab Emirates, Republic of
Indonesia, Kingdom of Sweden, Republic of Colombia, United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland

Topic: Reviewing space security with special emphasis on anti-satellite weapons

The First Committee,

Reaffirming that the prevention of an arms race in outer space would avert grave danger to
international peace and security,

Recalling United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 2777 with emphasis on the
Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects,

Recalling UNSC Resolution 1884 (2009) which calls on Member States to take appropriate measures
to ensure that their space activities are carried out with due regard for the safety and security of other
space activities and to minimize the creation of space debris,

Recalling UNSC Resolution 1887 (2009) which calls on Member States to avoid actions that would
lead to the creation of long-lived space debris and to take measures to minimize the creation of space
debris, and to develop and implement the appropriate international guidelines and standards for the
long-term sustainability of outer space activities,

Recalling UNSC Resolution 2222 (2015) which calls on all states to take appropriate measures to
ensure that their space activities are carried out with due regard for the safety and security of other
space activities, and to avoid the creation of space debris, and to develop and implement the
appropriate international guidelines and standards for the long-term sustainability of outer space
activities,

Recalling UNSC Resolution 2345 (2017) which reaffirms the importance of the long-term
sustainability of outer space activities and the need to prevent an arms race in outer space and calls
upon all Member States to take necessary measures to prevent an arms race in outer space and to
refrain from actions that would lead to the placement of weapons in outer space,

Recognizing the importance of advanced communication and data-sharing technologies in improving

Recognizing the threat posed by both kinetic Anti Satellite (ASAT) and non-kinetic ASATs to the
space assets of Member States,
Alarmed by the call for complete ban on destructive Anti Satellite (ASAT) testing by certain Member
States in the First Committee,

1)Recommends the improvement of transparency and confidence building between Member States by
the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) and the Committee on the Peaceful
Uses of Outer Space (COPOUS) through the establishment of a Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
system with the functionalities of this SSA including but not be limited to:

a) Monitor and track objects in space, including debris created by ASAT weapon launches,

b) Provide information to Member States to help them avoid collisions between debris and
space assets;

2)Further recommends the usage of existing international communication channels and mechanisms
to improve confidence and transparency with respect to debris mitigation by the Inter-Agency Space
Debris Coordination Committee (IADC),

3)Requests the United Nations Secretary General with the recognition or recommendation of an
advisory committee with members selected from United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and the
Disarmament and International Security Committee (DISEC), to help establish a newer iteration of
the Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) to reconvene and establish adaptable and comprehensive
confidence-building measures,

4)Recommends building and improving upon current Confidence Building Measures (CBMs)
introduced by the United Nations Institute for Disarmament and Research (UNIDIR) report by the
following ASAT test guidelines:

a) No debris: if a Member State wishes to test ASAT capabilities, they must do so without
creating a field of debris,

b) Low debris: if a Member State must create debris during an ASAT test, the test should be
carried out at a sufficiently low altitude such that the debris is not long lived,

c)Notification: Member States testing ASATs must notify other members of their actions to avoid
misconceptions and misinterpretations, while keeping in line with the testing guidelines
established by the GGE;

5)Recommends that Member States, in the interest of observing best practices and responsible
behaviour, make individual declarations indicating willingness to incorporate above guidelines into
national policies, by acknowledging the efficacy of this limited approach to ASAT testing,

6)Emphasizes the need for these measures relating to space activities be in line with other CBMs such
as The COPOUS Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines,
7)Recommends the development and promotion of cyber security guidelines and standards for space
systems utilizing UNOOSA and COPOUS to work with Member States and other international
organizations to develop guidelines and standards for the protection of space systems from cyber-
attacks,

8)Suggests the UNOOSA and its agencies to promote the use of technologies such as satellite-based
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) and the Internet of Things (IoT) for this
purpose, and also to advocate for the implementation of new technologies, including on-board real-
time collision avoidance systems and advanced trajectory prediction and optimization algorithms,
with the goal of enhancing the accuracy of space object tracking and prediction capabilities and
preventing further generation of space debris ,

9)Affirms the need for the adoption of international standards, and recommends the UNOOSA to
work with Member States’ space organisations to develop and promote international standards for
space traffic management such as the use of the International Standards Organization (ISO),

10)Suggests further cooperation of the United Nations Office on Outer Space Affairs and the
COPUOS in developing, strengthening, and standardizing precautionary and first-response guidelines
for the protection of space systems from cyber-attacks which include but are not limited to the
following:
a) Encryption protocols,
b) Authorization,
c) End to End cyber resilience
d) Incident Response and Recovery

11) Affirms the need for the adoption of international standards wherein the UNOOSA and it’s
agencies such as the United Nations Programme on Space Applications and COPOUS to help develop
and promote international standards for space traffic management, using the International Standards
Organization (ISO) standards for space debris mitigation, these standards would provide a common
framework for space traffic management and would help ensure the safety, security and sustainability
of outer space activities,

12) Emphasizes on the need for safe testing of ASATs wherein this testing must be within a controlled
and specified environment with parameters including but not limited to:

a) Testing of ASATs in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to ensure the decay of space debris and
mitigation of risk posed to the assets of other Member States present in outer space,

b) Prohibition on the use of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) in outer space, with
respect to destructive satellite testing.