MIL Lesson 7

LEGAL, ETHICAL, AND
SOCIETAL ISSUES IN MEDIA

AND INFORMATION
Lesson 7
https://www.slideshare.net/arnielping/understanding-propaganda-in-the-digital-world-
67804796
https://www.slideshare.net/arnielping/media-and-information-literacy-mil-legal-ethical-
and-societal-issues-in-media-and-information-part-1
Intellectual Property
Fair Use
• In its most general sense, a fair use is any copying of
copyrighted material done for a limited and
“transformative” purpose, such as to comment upon,
criticize, or parody a copyrighted work. Such uses can be
done without permission from the copyright owner. In
other words, fair use is a defense against a claim of
copyright infringement. If your use qualifies as a fair use,
then it would not be considered an infringement.
• http://fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/fair-use/what-is-fair-use/
Netiquette
• What is Netiquette? Simply stated, it's network
etiquette -- that is, the etiquette of cyberspace. And
"etiquette" means "the forms required by good breeding
or prescribed by authority to be required in social or
official life." In other words, Netiquette is a set of rules
for behaving properly online.
• The Core Rules of Netiquette are excerpted from the book Netiquette by Virginia Shea@http://www.albion.com/netiquette/corerules.html
Rules on Netiquette
• Rule 1: Remember the human
• The golden rule your parents and your kindergarten teacher
taught you was pretty simple: Do unto others as you'd have
others do unto you. Imagine how you'd feel if you were in the
other person's shoes. Stand up for yourself, but try not to hurt
people's feelings.
• Rule 2: Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that
you follow in real life
• Be ethical. Breaking the law is bad netiquette.
The Core Rules of Netiquette are excerpted from the book Netiquette by Virginia Shea@http://www.albion.com/netiquette/corerules.html
• Rule 3: Know where you are in cyberspace
• What's perfectly acceptable in one area may be dreadfully rude
in another. For example, in most TV discussion groups, passing
on idle gossip is perfectly permissible. But throwing around
unsubstantiated rumors in a journalists' mailing list will make
you very unpopular there. And because Netiquette is different in
different places, it's important to know where you are.
• Rule 4: Respect other people's time and bandwidth
• When you send email or post to a discussion group, you're
taking up other people's time (or hoping to). It's your
responsibility to ensure that the time they spend reading your
posting isn't wasted. When you accidentally post the same
note to the same newsgroup five times, you are wasting both
time (of the people who check all five copies of the posting)
and bandwidth (by sending repetitive information over the
wires and requiring it to be stored somewhere).
• Rule 5: Make yourself look good online
• You won't be judged by the color of your skin, eyes, or hair,
your weight, your age, or your clothing. You will, however, be
judged by the quality of your writing. For most people who
choose to communicate online, this is an advantage; if they
didn't enjoy using the written word, they wouldn't be there. So
spelling and grammar do count.
• Rule 6: Share expert knowledge
• If you're an expert yourself, there's even more you
can do. Many people freely post all kinds of resource
lists and bibliographies, from lists of online legal
resources to lists of popular UNIX books. If you're a
leading participant in a discussion group that lacks a
FAQ, consider writing one. If you've researched a
topic that you think would be of interest to others,
write it up and post it.
• Rule 7: Help keep flame wars under control
• "Flaming" is what people do when they express a strongly held
opinion without holding back any emotion. It's the kind of
message that makes people respond, "Oh come on, tell us how
you really feel." Tact is not its objective. But Netiquette does
forbid the perpetuation of flame wars -- series of angry letters,
most of them from two or three people directed toward each
other, that can dominate the tone and destroy the camaraderie
of a discussion group.
• Rule 8: Respect other people's privacy
• Of course, you'd never dream of going through your
colleagues' desk drawers. So naturally you wouldn't read their
email either. Unfortunately, a lot of people would. Snooping on
other people’s private affairs is definitely NOT NICE.
• Rule 9: Don't abuse your power
• Some people in cyberspace have more power than others.
There are wizards in MUDs (multi-user dungeons), experts in
every office, and system administrators in every system.
Knowing more than others, or having more power than they
do, does not give you the right to take advantage of them. For
example, sysadmins should never read private email.
• Rule 10: Be forgiving of other people's mistakes
• Everyone was a network newbie once. And not everyone has
had the benefit of reading this book. So when someone makes
a mistake -- whether it's a spelling error or a spelling flame, a
stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer -- be kind
about it. If it's a minor error, you may not need to say anything.
Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before reacting.
Having good manners yourself doesn't give you license to
correct everyone else.
Plagiarism
Digital Divide
• Digital divide is a term that refers to the gap between
demographics and regions that have access to
modern information and communications technology, and those
that don't or have restricted access. This technology can include
the telephone, television, personal computers and the Internet.
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/digital-divide

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LEGAL, ETHICAL, AND

SOCIETAL ISSUES IN MEDIA

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