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    Reactions With Acids - Making Salts - GCSE Chemistry (Single Science) Revision - WJEC - BBC Bitesize

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    Reactions With Acids - Making Salts - GCSE Chemistry (Single Science) Revision - WJEC - BBC Bitesize

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    chenumijayasuriya
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    Reactions with acids - Making salts - GCSE Chemistry (Single Science) Revision - WJEC - BBC Bitesize

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    Reactions With Acids - Making Salts - GCSE Chemistry (Single Science) Revision - WJEC - BBC Bitesize

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    7/20/24, 9:35 AM Reactions with acids - Making salts - GCSE Chemistry (Single Science) Revision - WJEC - BBC Bitesize

    Reactions with acids


    Acids and reactive metals
    Acids will react with reactive metals, such as magnesium and zinc, to make a
    salt and hydrogen.

    acid + metal → salt + hydrogen

    hydrochloric acid + zinc → zinc chloride + hydrogen

    2HCl + Zn → ZnCl2 + H2

    The hydrogen causes bubbling during the reaction, and can be detected using
    a burning splint which produces a squeaky pop sound.

    In general, the more reactive the metal, the faster the reaction. This is
    indicated by more bubbles being given off per second from the metals with
    higher reactivity, as shown by this diagram.

    The diagram shows that aluminium is the most reactive of the four metals,
    followed by zinc, then iron and finally, copper.

    Also note that the reaction of metals with acids is exothermic (ie heat energy
    is given out).

    Acids and metal hydroxides (alkalis)


    When acids react with metal hydroxides (commonly known as alkalis), a salt
    and water are made.

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    7/20/24, 9:35 AM Reactions with acids - Making salts - GCSE Chemistry (Single Science) Revision - WJEC - BBC Bitesize

    acid + metal hydroxide → salt + water

    nitric acid + lithium hydroxide → lithium nitrate + water

    HNO3 + LiOH → LiNO3 + H2O

    [Higher tier only]


    Note that the reaction between a metal hydroxide and an acid can be
    represented by an ionic equation between the hydrogen ions and the
    hydroxide ions to form water molecules.

    H+(aq) + OH–(aq) → H2O(l)

    Also note that the reaction of metal hydroxides with acids is exothermic (ie
    heat energy is given out).

    Acids and bases


    When acids react with a base, a salt and water are made.

    acid + base → salt + water

    nitric acid + magnesium oxide → magnesium nitrate + water

    2HNO3 + MgO → Mg(NO3)2 + H2O

    Also note that the reaction of metal oxides with acids is exothermic (ie heat
    energy is given out).

    Acids and metal carbonates


    When acids react with carbonates, such as calcium carbonate (found in chalk,
    limestone and marble), a salt, water and carbon dioxide are made.

    acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide

    sulfuric acid + iron(II) carbonate → iron(II) sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

    H2SO4 + FeCO3 → FeSO4 + H2O + CO2

    The carbon dioxide causes bubbling during the reaction, which is observed as
    fizzing. It can be detected by passing the gas through limewater, which will go
    cloudy.

    Also, the reaction of metal carbonates with acids is exothermic (ie heat energy
    is given out).

    https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z7g26yc/revision/1#:~:text=When acids react with carbonates,and carbon dioxide are made.&text=The carbon di… 3/5

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