‭KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN‬

‭KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ‬

‭LẦN THỨ XIV, NĂM 2023‬

‭ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 10‬

‭Thời gian: 180 phút (Không kể thời gian giao đề)‬

‭Đề thi gồm 12 trang‬
‭Ngày thi: ...../7/2023‬

‭SECTION A: LISTENING (50 points)‬

‭ ƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU‬
H
‭●‬ ‭Bài‬‭nghe‬‭gồm‬‭4‬‭phần;‬‭mỗi‬‭phần‬‭được‬‭nghe‬‭2‬‭lần,‬‭mỗi‬‭lần‬‭cách‬‭nhau‬‭05‬‭giây;‬‭mở‬‭đầu‬‭và‬‭kết‬
‭thúc mỗi phần nghe có tín hiệu. Thí sinh có 20 giây để đọc mỗi phần câu hỏi.‬
‭●‬ ‭Mở‬‭đầu‬‭và‬‭kết‬‭thúc‬‭bài‬‭nghe‬‭có‬‭tín‬‭hiệu‬‭nhạc.‬‭Thí‬‭sinh‬‭có‬‭03‬‭phút‬‭để‬‭hoàn‬‭chỉnh‬‭bài‬‭trước‬‭tín‬
‭hiệu nhạc kết thúc bài nghe.‬
‭●‬ ‭Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe‬
‭ art‬‭1.‬‭A‬‭new‬‭business‬‭owner‬‭enquires‬‭about‬‭courses.‬‭Listen‬‭to‬‭the‬‭conversation‬‭and‬‭complete‬
P
‭each gap with no more than THREE words/number. (10 points)‬

‭West Bay Hotel – details of job‬

‭(Example) • Newspaper advert for temporary staff‬
‭•‬ ‭Vacancies for (1) ______‬
‭•‬ ‭Two shifts‬
‭•‬ ‭Can choose your (2) ______ (must be the same each week)‬
‭•‬ ‭Pay: £5.50 per hour, including a (3) ______‬
‭•‬ ‭A (4) ______ is provided in the hotel‬
‭•‬ ‭Total weekly pay: £231‬
‭•‬ ‭Dress: (5) ______ and dark trousers (not supplied); a jacket (supplied)‬
‭•‬ ‭Starting date: 28th June‬
‭•‬ ‭Call Jane Urwin (Service Manager) before mid-day tomorrow (Tel: 832009)‬
‭She’ll require a reference‬
‭Part‬‭2:‬‭Listen‬‭to‬‭a‬‭lecture‬‭about‬‭the‬‭artist‬‭Franz‬‭Marc.‬‭Write‬‭Yes‬‭or‬‭No‬‭in‬‭the‬‭answer‬
‭box. (10 pts)‬
‭Yes‬ ‭if the statement agrees with the information in the passage‬
‭No‬ ‭if the statement contradicts the information in the passage‬
‭6. A few years ago in London, some paintings by Franz Marc were sold at record prices.‬

‭1‬
 ‭7.‬‭Almost‬‭all‬‭of‬‭Marc’s‬‭paintings‬‭feature‬‭a‬‭purple‬‭and‬‭blue‬‭horse‬‭standing‬‭in‬‭a‬‭landscape‬‭of‬
‭primary colors.‬
‭8. In The Fate of the Animals Marc seems to offer a warning of the impending Great War.‬
‭9.‬ ‭The‬ ‭art‬ ‭group‬ ‭The‬ ‭Blue‬ ‭Rider‬ ‭were‬ ‭aiming‬‭to‬‭capture‬‭the‬‭purity‬‭of‬‭style‬‭often‬‭found‬‭in‬
‭paintings by children.‬
‭10.‬ ‭Marc’s‬ ‭life‬ ‭ended‬ ‭tragically‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭war‬ ‭in‬ ‭1960‬ ‭when‬ ‭he‬ ‭was‬ ‭killed‬ ‭by‬ ‭a‬ ‭grenade‬ ‭in‬
‭France.‬
‭Your answers‬

‭6‬ ‭7‬ ‭8‬ ‭9‬ ‭10‬

‭Part‬‭3.‬‭Listen‬‭to‬‭a‬‭piece‬‭of‬‭news‬‭and‬‭fill‬‭in‬‭the‬‭gaps‬‭using‬‭no‬‭more‬‭than‬‭FOUR‬‭WORDS‬‭OR‬
‭NUMBER for each blank. (20 pts)‬

‭Recently‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭Great‬ ‭Pyramids,‬ ‭a‬ ‭100-feet‬ ‭long‬ ‭space,‬ ‭which‬ ‭is‬ ‭called‬ ‭a‬ ‭(1)‬ ‭____________,‬ ‭has‬
‭been‬ ‭discovered‬ ‭lately.‬ ‭According‬ ‭to‬ ‭“The‬ ‭Nature”,‬ ‭this‬ ‭is‬ ‭a‬ ‭significant‬ ‭discovery‬‭to‬‭archaeology‬
‭because‬‭since‬‭the‬‭1800s,‬‭there‬‭has‬‭been‬‭no‬‭other‬‭significant‬‭discovery‬‭like‬‭this‬‭(2)‬‭______________‬
‭.‬ ‭However,‬‭whether‬‭this‬‭can‬‭help‬‭to‬‭unravel‬‭the‬‭ancient‬‭mysteries‬‭is‬‭(3)‬‭______________.‬‭There‬‭is‬
‭no‬‭proof‬‭that‬‭a/an‬‭4)‬‭______________‬‭or‬‭burial‬‭chamber‬‭can‬‭be‬‭found‬‭from‬‭this‬‭space.‬‭There‬‭may‬
‭be‬ ‭more‬ ‭others‬ ‭like‬ ‭this‬‭in‬‭the‬‭pyramid‬‭and‬‭this‬‭discovery‬‭is‬‭expected‬‭to‬‭help‬‭the‬‭researchers‬‭find‬
‭out‬ ‭how‬ ‭it‬ ‭was‬ ‭built.‬ ‭To‬ ‭identify‬ ‭this‬‭space,‬‭not‬‭allowed‬‭to‬‭(5)‬‭______________‬ ‭or‬‭use‬‭cameras,‬
‭they‬ ‭had‬ ‭to‬ ‭take‬ ‭use‬ ‭of‬ ‭some‬ ‭appliances‬ ‭to‬‭track‬‭(6)‬‭______________‬‭inside‬‭the‬‭structure.‬‭That’s‬
‭not the only way the modern technology is helping archaeologists.‬

‭Adam‬ ‭Low,‬ ‭an‬ ‭archaeologist,‬ ‭admitted‬ ‭to‬ ‭being‬ ‭a‬ ‭man‬ ‭with‬ ‭(7)‬ ‭_______________‬ ‭the‬ ‭tomb‬‭of‬‭a‬
‭Pharaoh,‬‭Seti‬‭I.‬‭It‬‭can‬‭be‬‭learnt‬‭from‬‭the‬‭tomb‬‭how‬‭ancient‬‭people‬‭have‬‭different‬‭thoughts,‬‭different‬
‭values‬‭and‬‭(8)‬‭_____________.‬‭He‬‭can‬‭read‬‭the‬‭way‬‭they‬‭thought‬‭through‬‭the‬‭(9)‬‭______________‬
‭on‬‭the‬‭walls.‬‭With‬‭the‬‭help‬‭of‬‭technology,‬‭a‬‭dialogue‬‭crossing‬‭time‬‭can‬‭be‬‭built‬‭and‬‭become‬‭one‬‭of‬
‭the‬‭most‬‭exciting‬‭moment.‬‭“The‬‭Hall‬‭of‬‭Beauties”‬‭is,‬‭in‬‭fact,‬‭only‬‭a‬‭(10)‬‭________________‬ ‭built‬
‭in a museum in Switzerland.‬

‭SECTION B. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (60 points)‬

‭Part 1: Choose the answer that best completes each sentence. (20 pts)‬

‭1. I’ve heard that argument before and quite frankly it jusst doesn’t ...................!‬

‭A. face the music‬ ‭B. hit the roof‬ ‭C. carry weight‬ ‭D.‬‭hold water‬

‭2‬
‭2. Tim: “You are so lucky to begoing abroad for a whole semester!”‬

‭Janet: “ ..................... I’ll miss my friends and family.”‬

‭A. That is‬ ‭B. On account that‬ ‭C. All the same‬ ‭D.‬‭But despite‬

‭3. Unsalted butter is best for this recipe, but ............... that , margarine will do.‬

‭A. except‬ ‭B.‬‭failing‬ ‭C. for all of‬ ‭D. given‬

‭4. In spite of working their fingers to the ................, all the staff were made redundant.‬

‭A. nail‬ ‭B. edge‬ ‭C. flesh‬ ‭D.‬‭bone‬

5‭ . Instead of defending traditional values, the church frequently seems _______ and irresolute.‬
‭A. far-fetched‬ ‭B. strong-willed‬ ‭C. weak-kneed‬ ‭D.‬‭long-awaited‬
‭6. The more expensive carpet is a good choice _______ it will last longer.‬

‭A. by means of‬ ‭B. due to‬ ‭C. in that‬ ‭D. in view‬‭of‬

7‭ . She got a bit hot _______ the collar when a colleague started criticizing her work.‬
‭A. under‬ ‭B. on‬ ‭C. beyond‬ ‭D. from‬

‭8. Employees of the company are forbidden to ________ information about the secret formula.‬
‭A. betray‬ ‭B.‬‭divulge‬ ‭C. portray‬ ‭D. unveil‬
‭9. Jack _______and can usually let us know what the boss’s mood is.‬
‭A. turns a blind eye‬ ‭B. plays it by ear‬
‭C.‬‭keeps his ear to the ground‬ ‭D. is all ears‬
‭10.It sounds like you let people take advantage of you ________, you need to learn to be more‬
‭assertive. ‬
‭A. Otherwise ‬ ‭B. If only‬ ‭C. What if‬ ‭D. If so‬
‭11. It was a hot summer day and ice cream salesmen were doing a ________trade.‬
‭A. busy‬ ‭B. lucrative‬ ‭C. bustling‬ ‭D.‬‭roaring‬
‭12. My mother had to take private pupils in order to ___________ her salary as a teacher.‬
‭A.‬‭augment‬ ‭B. expand‬ ‭C. complete‬ ‭D. inflate‬
‭13. I found the last scene extremely ……… and particularly well-directed.‬
‭A. pathetic‬ ‭B. sympathetic‬ ‭C. pitiful‬ ‭D.‬‭moving‬
‭14.‬‭Lauren‬‭is‬‭often‬‭labelled‬‭easy-going‬‭as‬‭she‬‭tends‬‭to‬‭appear‬‭mild‬‭and‬‭relaxed‬‭rather‬‭than‬‭tense‬‭and‬
‭___________‬
‭A. sullen‬ ‭B. likeable‬ ‭C. humorous‬ ‭D.‬‭excitable‬
‭15. The two boys really …………… it off from the moment they met.‬
‭A.‬‭hit‬ ‭B. struck‬ ‭C. made‬ ‭D. put‬
‭16.‬‭I‬‭picked‬‭up‬‭these ___________from‬‭the‬‭travel‬‭agents‬‭today.‬‭They‬‭have‬‭a‬‭great‬‭offer‬‭on‬‭cruises‬
‭to Turkey for the end of April!‬
‭A. leaflets‬ ‭B. manifestoes‬ ‭C.‬‭brochures‬ ‭D. programmes‬
‭17. I had a strong ___________ that a disaster would occur, and it did.‬

‭3‬
‭A.‬‭premonition‬ ‭B. prediction‬ ‭C. forethought‬ ‭D. anticipation‬
1‭ 8.‬ ‭Because‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭dominance‬ ‭of‬ ‭retail‬ ‭chain-stores,‬ ‭most‬ ‭shopping‬ ‭centers‬ ‭show‬‭the‬‭same‬‭bland‬
‭_______ and no imagination.‬
‭A. similarity‬ ‭B. likeness‬ ‭C. equality‬ ‭D.‬‭uniformity‬
‭19. She wears the most _______ color combinations you could ever imagine.‬
‭A. hiding‬ ‭B. hideout‬ ‭C. hidebound‬ ‭D.‬‭hideous‬
‭20. It would help _______ me, if you could go to the Post Office for me.‬
‭A. totally‬ ‭B. absolutely‬ ‭C.‬‭enormously‬ ‭D. largely‬
‭Part 2. Give the correct form of the word in the brackets. (10 pts)‬
‭1. The building looks a bit _________ from the outside but it’s quite traditional inside. (‬‭FUTURE‬‭)‬
‭2. She was charged with being disorderly and ____________.‬‭(INTOXICANT)‬
‭3. The damage caused by the terrible storm two days ago was___________ by the government.‬
‭The real figures go up every minute.‬‭(ESTIMATE)‬
‭4. They exchanged ___________ for a few minutes before saying goodbye.‬‭(PLEASANT)‬
‭5. There is a decline in the __________ of cigarette smoking among young men. (‬‭PREVAIL)‬
‭6. Many teachers expressed serious __________ about the new tests. (‬‭GIVE)‬
‭7. The new policy only serves to __________ the inadequacy of help for the homeless.‬ ‭(ACCENT)‬
‭8. The unresponsive audience made the lecturer somewhat ________ .What a shame. (‬‭HEART)‬
‭9. They paid little attention to the _______ of the pieces. (‬‭FRAGMENT‬‭)‬

‭10.‬‭Chrissy‬‭tossed‬‭the‬‭junk‬‭mail‬‭in‬‭the‬‭bin‬‭and‬‭in‬‭doing‬‭so,‬‭she‬‭_______‬‭made‬‭a‬‭joke‬‭of‬‭the‬‭lives‬‭of‬
‭people she would.‬ ‭(‭W
‬ IT‬‭)‬

‭Part 3. Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition or particle (10‬
‭pts)‬
‭1.‬ ‭His fame is now _______ the wane.‬
‭2.‬ ‭If you want tickets to the game, you’ll have to be quick _______ the mark.‬
‭3.‬ ‭In matters pertaining ________ the soul, woman does not differ from man.‬
‭4.‬ ‭She played ________ the fact that I’d enjoyed studying Shakespeare at school and suggested‬
‭that I audition for a part.‬
‭5.‬ ‭It was a good offer, but he would need time to mull it ________ .‬
‭6.‬ ‭The Vietnamese national team has clocked _______ 8 gold medals in the Martial arts‬
‭events.‬
‭7.‬ ‭If the school reins _______its expenditure on research and development, the quality, as a‬
‭whole, will be affected.‬
‭8.‬ ‭It’s generally agreed that the primary responsibility for the child’s education should‬
‭rest_______ the family.‬
‭9.‬ ‭During the violent storm, the little boats strained _______ their anchors at the mercy of the‬
‭breaking waves.‬

‭4‬
 ‭10.‬ ‭Students are demanding equal rights for men and women, and several newspapers have‬
‭taken _______ their cause.‬
‭III. READING (60 points)‬
‭ art‬‭1:‬‭Read‬‭the‬‭following‬‭passage‬‭and‬‭decide‬‭which‬‭answer‬‭(A,‬‭B,‬‭C,‬‭or‬‭D)‬‭best‬‭fits‬‭each‬‭gap.‬
P
‭Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (15 pts)‬

‭ he‬‭war‬‭on‬‭drugs‬‭in‬‭the‬‭United‬‭States‬‭is‬‭a‬‭(n)‬‭(1)‬‭______‬‭battle‬‭that‬‭has,‬‭as‬‭of‬‭recent‬‭times,‬
T
‭reached‬ ‭(2)‬ ‭______‬ ‭levels.‬ ‭In‬ ‭every‬ ‭city‬‭and‬‭state‬‭across‬‭the‬‭nation,‬‭law‬‭enforcement‬‭officials‬‭are‬
‭working‬‭around‬‭the‬‭(3)‬‭______‬‭to‬‭eradicate‬‭the‬‭illegal‬‭use,‬‭possession‬‭and‬‭(4)‬‭______‬‭of‬‭controlled‬
‭substances‬‭at‬‭all‬‭levels‬‭of‬‭society.‬‭The‬‭increasing‬‭devotion‬‭of‬‭resources‬‭and‬‭efforts‬‭to‬‭the‬‭battle‬‭has‬
‭achieved mixed results.‬
‭A‬‭growing‬‭amount‬‭of‬‭money‬‭is‬‭being‬‭devoted‬‭to‬‭the‬‭(5)‬‭______‬‭of‬‭the‬‭war‬‭on‬‭drugs‬‭as‬‭time‬
‭progresses.‬‭At‬‭last‬‭count,‬‭19.‬‭2‬‭billion‬‭dollars‬‭was‬‭being‬‭spent‬‭annually‬‭on‬‭the‬‭ongoing‬‭struggle,‬‭(6)‬
‭______‬ ‭of‬ ‭pay‬ ‭for‬ ‭law‬ ‭enforcement‬‭officials,‬‭education,‬‭treatment‬‭and‬‭other‬‭uses.‬‭This‬‭staggering‬
‭amount translates into a stunning 609 dollars per second.‬
‭Results‬‭are‬‭being‬‭achieved.‬‭An‬‭arrest‬‭for‬‭drug-related‬‭offenses‬‭occurs‬‭every‬‭20‬‭seconds,‬‭and‬
‭648‬ ‭people‬ ‭are‬ ‭put‬ ‭in‬ ‭prison‬ ‭every‬ ‭day‬ ‭on‬ ‭drug-related‬ ‭charges.‬ ‭These‬ ‭numbers‬ ‭illustrate‬ ‭the‬
‭prevailing‬ ‭tactic‬ ‭used‬ ‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭U.‬ ‭S.‬ ‭government‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭war‬ ‭against‬ ‭drug-going‬ ‭after‬ ‭the‬ ‭people‬
‭supporting‬‭the‬‭industry.‬‭By‬‭removing‬‭both‬‭the‬‭suppliers‬‭and‬‭purchasers‬‭of‬‭illegal‬‭drugs,‬‭it‬‭is‬‭hoped‬
‭that the industry will collapse by itself, through the (7) ______ of supply and demand.‬
‭Aside‬‭from‬‭directly‬‭arresting‬‭those‬‭individuals‬‭responsible‬‭for‬‭the‬‭selling‬‭and‬‭purchasing‬‭of‬
‭illegal‬‭drugs,‬‭the‬‭United‬‭States‬‭has‬‭also‬‭(8)‬‭______‬‭on‬‭a‬‭campaign‬‭to‬‭take‬‭away‬‭the‬‭tools‬‭by‬‭which‬
‭the‬‭drugs‬‭are‬‭used,‬‭primarily‬‭in‬‭the‬‭form‬‭of‬‭needles.‬‭To‬‭this‬‭end,‬‭there‬‭has‬‭been‬‭a‬‭recent‬‭federal‬‭ban‬
‭on‬ ‭needle‬ ‭exchanges‬ ‭intended‬ ‭to‬ ‭restrict‬ ‭access‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭tools‬ ‭necessary‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭use‬‭of‬‭some‬‭illegal‬
‭drugs.‬
‭This‬ ‭program‬ ‭has‬ ‭drawn‬ ‭harsh‬ ‭criticism,‬ ‭however,‬ ‭as‬ ‭it‬ ‭has‬ ‭resulted‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭use‬ ‭reuse‬ ‭of‬
‭unsanitary‬ ‭needles,‬ ‭possibly‬ ‭contributing‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭number‬ ‭of‬ ‭AIDS‬ ‭infections‬ ‭in‬ ‭drug‬ ‭users‬ ‭who‬
‭would‬‭otherwise‬‭have‬‭avoided‬‭infection‬‭by‬‭using‬‭(9)‬‭______‬‭needles‬‭that‬‭could‬‭have‬‭been‬‭provided,‬
‭but‬‭for‬‭the‬‭federal‬‭ban.‬‭According‬‭to‬‭a‬‭study‬‭conducted‬‭by‬‭the‬‭AIDS‬‭Prevention‬‭Studies‬‭Center‬‭of‬
‭the‬ ‭University‬ ‭of‬ ‭California‬ ‭at‬ ‭San‬ ‭Francisco,‬ ‭4,‬ ‭000‬‭new‬‭infections‬‭of‬‭HIV,‬‭the‬‭virus‬‭that‬‭causes‬
‭AIDS,‬ ‭could‬ ‭be‬ ‭avoided‬ ‭per‬ ‭year‬ ‭if‬ ‭the‬ ‭federal‬ ‭ban‬ ‭on‬ ‭needle‬ ‭exchanges‬ ‭was‬ ‭(10)‬ ‭______.‬ ‭This‬
‭translates‬ ‭into‬ ‭more‬ ‭than‬ ‭10‬ ‭new‬ ‭cases‬ ‭of‬ ‭HIV‬‭avoided‬‭per‬‭day,‬‭a‬‭figure‬‭that‬‭causes‬‭one‬‭to‬‭pause‬
‭and consider whether the war on drugs is being fought in the best manner possible.‬

‭1. A. escalating‬ ‭B. decreasing‬ ‭C. downhill‬ ‭D. ceasing‬

‭2. A. comparable‬ ‭B. previous‬ ‭C. unprecedented‬ ‭D. achievable‬
‭3. A. watch‬ ‭B. clock‬ ‭C. time‬ ‭D. tide‬
‭4. A. contribution‬ ‭B. attribution‬ ‭C. distribution‬ ‭D. substitution‬
‭5. A. founding‬ ‭B. funding‬ ‭C. commerce‬ ‭D. trading‬
‭6. A. consisting‬ ‭B. being consisted‬ ‭C. was consisted‬ ‭D. were consisted‬
‭7. A. elimination‬ ‭B. illumination‬ ‭C. deterioration‬ ‭D. escalation‬
‭8. A. joined‬ ‭B. participated‬ ‭C. embarked‬ ‭D. engaged‬
‭9. A. saturated‬ ‭B. fertile‬ ‭C. sterile‬ ‭D. barren‬
‭10. A. lifted‬ ‭B. raised‬ ‭C. aroused‬ ‭D. risen‬

‭5‬
‭Your answers:‬

‭1.‬ ‭2.‬ ‭3.‬ ‭4.‬ ‭5.‬

‭6.‬ ‭7.‬ ‭8.‬ ‭9.‬ ‭10.‬

‭Part 2:‬‭Fill each blank with ONE suitable word. (15‬‭pts)‬

‭In‬ ‭most‬‭art‬‭museums,‬‭the‬‭paintings‬‭on‬‭the‬‭wall‬‭just‬‭look‬‭flat,‬‭(‭1‬ ‬‭)‬‭______‬‭sometimes‬‭visitors‬‭come‬

‭across‬‭an‬‭image‬‭that‬‭appears‬‭to‬‭be‬‭three-dimensional.‬‭The‬‭artist‬‭has‬‭cleverly‬‭used‬‭colors,‬‭lines,‬‭and‬
‭shading‬ ‭to‬ ‭give‬ ‭the‬ ‭painting‬ ‭some‬ ‭depth,‬ ‭making‬ ‭it‬ ‭more‬ ‭(‭2‬ ‬‭)‬ ‭______.‬ ‭The‬ ‭artistic‬ ‭technique‬ ‭of‬
‭creating‬ ‭three-dimensional‬ ‭images‬ ‭of‬ ‭something‬ ‭on‬ ‭a‬ ‭flat‬ ‭surface‬‭is‬‭called‬‭trompe‬‭l'oeil,‬‭a‬‭French‬
‭phrase‬ ‭meaning‬ ‭tricking‬ ‭the‬ ‭eye.‬ ‭Today,‬ ‭some‬ ‭artists‬ ‭are‬ ‭adapting‬ ‭the‬ ‭idea‬ ‭of‬ ‭tricking‬ ‭the‬ ‭eye‬ ‭to‬
‭make‬ ‭things‬ ‭become‬ ‭invisible.‬ ‭A‬ ‭new‬ ‭(‭3‬ ‬‭)‬ ‭______‬ ‭for‬ ‭this‬ ‭is‬ ‭camouflage‬ ‭art.‬ ‭In‬ ‭nature,‬ ‭there‬ ‭are‬
‭major‬‭benefits‬‭to‬‭using‬‭camouflage‬‭to‬‭blend‬‭(‭4‬ ‬‭)‬‭______‬‭with‬‭the‬‭surroundings.‬‭Becoming‬‭invisible,‬
‭or‬ ‭at‬ ‭(‬‭5‬‭)‬ ‭______‬ ‭being‬ ‭harder‬‭to‬‭see‬‭on‬‭the‬‭ground‬‭or‬‭in‬‭a‬‭tree‬‭allows‬‭insects‬‭and‬‭animals‬‭to‬‭hide‬
‭from‬‭things‬‭that‬‭might‬‭eat‬‭them.‬‭It‬‭also‬‭allows‬‭them‬‭to‬‭get‬‭close‬‭(‭6‬ ‬‭)‬‭______‬‭to‬‭surprise‬‭other‬‭insects‬
‭or‬‭smaller‬‭animals‬‭that‬‭they‬‭want‬‭to‬‭catch‬‭and‬‭eat.‬‭Artists‬‭are‬‭not‬‭hiding‬‭or‬‭preparing‬‭to‬‭attack.‬‭(‭7‬ ‬‭)‬
‭______,‬ ‭they‬ ‭are‬ ‭using‬ ‭the‬ ‭idea‬ ‭of‬ ‭camouflage‬ ‭to‬ ‭make‬ ‭urban‬ ‭spaces‬ ‭look‬ ‭nicer‬ ‭or‬ ‭to‬ ‭make‬
‭statements‬ ‭with‬ ‭their‬ ‭art.‬ ‭Sometimes‬ ‭they‬ ‭just‬‭do‬‭it‬‭(‬‭8‬‭)‬‭______‬‭fun.‬‭Artists‬‭can‬‭make‬‭these‬‭things‬
‭more‬ ‭interesting‬ ‭and‬ ‭in‬ ‭some‬ ‭cases‬ ‭make‬ ‭them‬ ‭(‬‭9‬‭)‬ ‭______‬ ‭visible.‬ ‭In‬ ‭many‬ ‭urban‬ ‭areas,‬ ‭large‬
‭buildings‬‭have‬‭been‬‭painted‬‭with‬‭amazing‬‭murals‬‭that‬‭trick‬‭our‬‭eyes.‬‭Thus,‬‭ordinary‬‭brick‬‭walls‬‭are‬
‭transformed‬ ‭into‬ ‭interesting‬ ‭(‭1‬ 0‬‭)‬ ‭______‬ ‭of‬ ‭art.‬ ‭Temporary‬ ‭walls‬ ‭put‬ ‭up‬ ‭to‬ ‭keep‬ ‭people‬ ‭out‬ ‭of‬ ‭a‬
‭construction site can be painted like the finished building to camouflage the site.‬

‭Your answers‬

‭81.‬ ‭82.‬ ‭83.‬ ‭84.‬ ‭85.‬

‭86.‬ ‭87.‬ ‭88.‬ ‭89.‬ ‭90.‬

‭Part 3: Read the text and do the following tasks. (15 pts)‬

‭THE ROBOTS ARE COMING - OR ARE THEY?‬

‭What is the current state of play in Artificial Intelligence?‬

‭A.‬ ‭Can‬ ‭robots‬ ‭advance‬ ‭so‬ ‭far‬ ‭that‬ ‭they‬ ‭become‬ ‭the‬ ‭ultimate‬ ‭threat‬ ‭to‬ ‭our‬ ‭existence?‬ ‭Some‬
‭scientists‬ ‭say‬ ‭no,‬ ‭and‬ ‭dismiss‬ ‭the‬ ‭very‬ ‭idea‬ ‭of‬ ‭Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence.‬ ‭The‬ ‭human‬ ‭brain,‬‭they‬

‭6‬
 ‭argue,‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭most‬ ‭complicated‬ ‭system‬ ‭ever‬ ‭created,‬ ‭and‬ ‭any‬ ‭machine‬ ‭designed‬ ‭to‬ ‭reproduce‬
‭human‬ ‭thought‬ ‭is‬ ‭bound‬ ‭to‬ ‭fail.‬ ‭Physicist‬ ‭Roger‬ ‭Penrose‬ ‭of‬ ‭Oxford‬ ‭University‬ ‭and‬ ‭others‬
‭believe‬ ‭that‬ ‭machines‬ ‭are‬ ‭physically‬ ‭incapable‬ ‭of‬ ‭human‬ ‭thought.‬ ‭Colin‬ ‭McGinn‬ ‭of‬ ‭Rutgers‬
‭University‬ ‭backs‬ ‭this‬ ‭up‬ ‭when‬ ‭he‬ ‭says‬ ‭that‬ ‭Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence‬ ‭is‬ ‭like‬ ‭sheep‬ ‭trying‬ ‭to‬ ‭do‬
‭complicated‬‭psychoanalysis.‬‭They‬‭just‬‭don't‬‭have‬‭the‬‭conceptual‬‭equipment‬‭they‬‭need‬‭in‬‭their‬
‭limited brains'.‬
‭B.‬ ‭Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence,‬ ‭or‬ ‭AI,‬ ‭is‬ ‭different‬ ‭from‬ ‭most‬ ‭technologies‬ ‭in‬ ‭that‬ ‭scientists‬ ‭still‬
‭understand‬ ‭very‬ ‭little‬ ‭about‬ ‭how‬ ‭intelligence‬ ‭works.‬ ‭Physicists‬‭have‬‭a‬‭good‬‭understanding‬‭of‬
‭Newtonian‬‭mechanics‬‭and‬‭the‬‭quantum‬‭theory‬‭of‬‭atoms‬‭and‬‭molecules,‬‭whereas‬‭the‬‭basic‬‭laws‬
‭of‬ ‭intelligence‬ ‭remain‬ ‭a‬ ‭mystery.‬ ‭But‬ ‭a‬ ‭sizeable‬ ‭number‬ ‭of‬ ‭mathematicians‬ ‭and‬ ‭computer‬
‭scientists,‬ ‭who‬ ‭are‬ ‭specialists‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭area,‬ ‭are‬ ‭optimistic‬ ‭about‬ ‭the‬ ‭possibilities.‬ ‭To‬ ‭them‬‭it‬‭is‬
‭only‬ ‭a‬ ‭matter‬ ‭of‬ ‭time‬ ‭before‬ ‭a‬ ‭thinking‬ ‭machine‬ ‭walks‬ ‭out‬ ‭of‬‭the‬‭laboratory.‬‭Over‬‭the‬‭years,‬
‭various‬ ‭problems‬ ‭have‬ ‭impeded‬ ‭all‬ ‭efforts‬ ‭to‬ ‭create‬ ‭robots.‬ ‭To‬ ‭attack‬ ‭these‬ ‭difficulties,‬
‭researchers‬‭tried‬‭to‬‭use‬‭the‬‭'top-down‬‭approach',‬‭using‬‭a‬‭computer‬‭in‬‭an‬‭attempt‬‭to‬‭program‬‭all‬
‭the‬ ‭essential‬ ‭rules‬ ‭onto‬ ‭a‬ ‭single‬ ‭disc.‬ ‭By‬ ‭inserting‬ ‭this‬‭into‬‭a‬‭machine,‬‭it‬‭would‬‭then‬‭become‬
‭self-aware and attain human-like intelligence.‬
‭C.‬ ‭In‬ ‭the‬ ‭1950s‬ ‭and‬ ‭1960s‬ ‭great‬ ‭progress‬ ‭was‬ ‭made,‬ ‭but‬ ‭the‬ ‭shortcomings‬ ‭of‬ ‭these‬ ‭prototype‬
‭robots‬ ‭soon‬ ‭became‬ ‭clear.‬ ‭They‬ ‭were‬ ‭huge‬ ‭and‬ ‭took‬ ‭hours‬ ‭to‬ ‭navigate‬ ‭across‬ ‭a‬ ‭room.‬
‭Meanwhile,‬ ‭a‬ ‭fruit‬ ‭fly,‬ ‭with‬ ‭a‬ ‭brain‬ ‭containing‬ ‭only‬ ‭a‬ ‭fraction‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭computing‬ ‭power,‬ ‭can‬
‭effortlessly‬ ‭navigate‬ ‭in‬ ‭three‬ ‭dimensions.‬ ‭Our‬ ‭brains,‬ ‭like‬ ‭the‬ ‭fruit‬ ‭fly's,‬ ‭unconsciously‬
‭recognise‬ ‭what‬ ‭we‬ ‭see‬ ‭by‬ ‭performing‬ ‭countless‬ ‭calculations.‬ ‭This‬ ‭unconscious‬ ‭awareness‬ ‭of‬
‭patterns‬‭is‬‭exactly‬‭what‬‭computers‬‭are‬‭missing.‬‭The‬‭second‬‭problem‬‭is‬‭robots'‬‭lack‬‭of‬‭common‬
‭sense.‬ ‭Humans‬ ‭know‬ ‭that‬ ‭water‬ ‭is‬ ‭wet‬ ‭and‬ ‭that‬ ‭mothers‬ ‭are‬ ‭older‬ ‭than‬ ‭their‬ ‭daughters.‬ ‭But‬
‭there‬ ‭is‬ ‭no‬ ‭mathematics‬ ‭that‬ ‭can‬ ‭express‬ ‭these‬ ‭truths.‬ ‭Children‬ ‭learn‬ ‭the‬ ‭intuitive‬ ‭laws‬ ‭of‬
‭biology‬ ‭and‬ ‭physics‬ ‭by‬ ‭interacting‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬ ‭real‬ ‭world.‬ ‭Robots‬ ‭know‬ ‭only‬ ‭what‬ ‭has‬ ‭been‬
‭programmed into them.‬
‭D.‬ ‭Because‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭limitations‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭top-down‬ ‭approach‬ ‭to‬ ‭Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence,‬‭attempts‬‭have‬
‭been‬ ‭made‬ ‭to‬ ‭use‬ ‭a‬ ‭'bottom-up'‬ ‭approach‬ ‭instead‬ ‭-‬ ‭that‬ ‭is,‬ ‭to‬ ‭try‬‭to‬‭imitate‬‭evolution‬‭and‬‭the‬
‭way‬‭a‬‭baby‬‭learns.‬‭Rodney‬‭Brooks‬‭was‬‭the‬‭director‬‭of‬‭MIT's‬‭Artificial‬‭Intelligence‬‭laboratory,‬
‭famous‬‭for‬‭its‬‭lumbering‬‭'topdown'‬‭walking‬‭robots.‬‭He‬‭changed‬‭the‬‭course‬‭of‬‭research‬‭when‬‭he‬
‭explored‬ ‭the‬ ‭unorthodox‬ ‭idea‬ ‭of‬ ‭tiny‬ ‭'insectoid'‬ ‭robots‬ ‭that‬ ‭learned‬ ‭to‬ ‭walk‬ ‭by‬ ‭bumping‬‭into‬
‭things‬ ‭instead‬ ‭of‬ ‭computing‬ ‭mathematically‬ ‭the‬ ‭precise‬ ‭position‬‭of‬‭their‬‭feet.‬‭Today‬‭many‬‭of‬
‭the‬ ‭descendants‬ ‭of‬ ‭Brooks'‬ ‭insectoid‬ ‭robots‬ ‭are‬ ‭on‬ ‭Mars‬ ‭gathering‬ ‭data‬ ‭for‬ ‭NASA‬ ‭(The‬
‭National‬ ‭Aeronautics‬ ‭and‬ ‭Space‬ ‭Administration),‬ ‭running‬ ‭across‬ ‭the‬ ‭dusty‬ ‭landscape‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬
‭planet.‬ ‭For‬ ‭all‬ ‭their‬ ‭successes‬ ‭in‬ ‭mimicking‬ ‭the‬ ‭behaviour‬ ‭of‬ ‭insects,‬ ‭however,‬ ‭robots‬ ‭using‬
‭neural‬ ‭networks‬ ‭have‬‭performed‬‭miserably‬‭when‬‭their‬‭programmers‬‭have‬‭tried‬‭to‬‭duplicate‬‭in‬

‭7‬
 ‭them‬‭the‬‭behaviour‬‭of‬‭higher‬‭organisms‬‭such‬‭as‬‭mammals.‬‭MIT's‬‭Marvin‬‭Minsky‬‭summarises‬
‭the‬‭problems‬‭of‬‭AI:‬‭'The‬‭history‬‭of‬‭AI‬‭is‬‭sort‬‭of‬‭funny‬‭because‬‭the‬‭first‬‭real‬‭accomplishments‬
‭were‬‭beautiful‬‭things,‬‭like‬‭a‬‭machine‬‭that‬‭could‬‭do‬‭well‬‭in‬‭a‬‭maths‬‭course.‬‭But‬‭then‬‭we‬‭started‬
‭to‬‭try‬‭to‬‭make‬‭machines‬‭that‬‭could‬‭answer‬‭questions‬‭about‬‭simple‬‭children's‬‭stories.‬‭There's‬‭no‬
‭machine today that can do that.'‬
‭E.‬ ‭There‬‭are‬‭people‬‭who‬‭believe‬‭that‬‭eventually‬‭there‬‭will‬‭be‬‭a‬‭combination‬‭between‬‭the‬‭top-down‬
‭and‬ ‭bottom-up,‬ ‭which‬ ‭may‬ ‭provide‬ ‭the‬ ‭key‬ ‭to‬‭Artificial‬‭Intelligence.‬‭As‬‭adults,‬‭we‬‭blend‬‭the‬
‭two‬ ‭approaches.‬ ‭It‬ ‭has‬ ‭been‬ ‭suggested‬ ‭that‬ ‭our‬ ‭emotions‬ ‭represent‬ ‭the‬ ‭quality‬ ‭that‬ ‭most‬
‭distinguishes‬‭us‬‭as‬‭human,‬‭that‬‭it‬‭is‬‭impossible‬‭for‬‭machines‬‭ever‬‭to‬‭have‬‭emotions.‬‭Computer‬
‭expert‬ ‭Hans‬ ‭Moravec‬‭thinks‬‭that‬‭in‬‭the‬‭future‬‭robots‬‭will‬‭be‬‭programmed‬‭with‬‭emotions‬‭such‬
‭as‬‭fear‬‭to‬‭protect‬‭themselves‬‭so‬‭that‬‭they‬‭can‬‭signal‬‭to‬‭humans‬‭when‬‭their‬‭batteries‬‭are‬‭running‬
‭low,‬ ‭for‬ ‭example.‬ ‭Emotions‬ ‭are‬ ‭vital‬ ‭in‬ ‭decision-making.‬ ‭People‬‭who‬‭have‬‭suffered‬‭a‬‭certain‬
‭kind‬ ‭of‬ ‭brain‬ ‭injury‬ ‭lose‬ ‭the‬ ‭ability‬ ‭to‬ ‭experience‬ ‭emotions‬ ‭and‬ ‭become‬ ‭unable‬ ‭to‬ ‭make‬
‭decisions.‬‭Without‬‭emotions‬‭to‬‭guide‬‭them,‬‭they‬‭debate‬‭endlessly‬‭over‬‭their‬‭options.‬‭Moravec‬
‭points‬ ‭out‬ ‭that‬ ‭as‬ ‭robots‬ ‭become‬ ‭more‬ ‭intelligent‬ ‭and‬ ‭are‬ ‭able‬ ‭to‬ ‭make‬ ‭choices,‬ ‭they‬ ‭could‬
‭likewise‬ ‭become‬ ‭paralysed‬ ‭with‬ ‭indecision.‬ ‭To‬ ‭aid‬ ‭them,‬ ‭robots‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭future‬ ‭might‬ ‭need‬ ‭to‬
‭have emotions hardwired into their brains.‬
‭F.‬ ‭There‬ ‭is‬ ‭no‬ ‭universal‬ ‭consensus‬ ‭as‬‭to‬‭whether‬‭machines‬‭can‬‭be‬‭conscious,‬‭or‬‭even,‬‭in‬‭human‬
‭terms,‬ ‭what‬ ‭consciousness‬ ‭means.‬ ‭Minsky‬ ‭suggests‬ ‭the‬ ‭thinking‬ ‭process‬ ‭in‬ ‭our‬ ‭brain‬ ‭is‬ ‭not‬
‭localised‬ ‭but‬‭spread‬‭out,‬‭with‬‭different‬‭centres‬‭competing‬‭with‬‭one‬‭another‬‭at‬‭any‬‭given‬‭time.‬
‭Consciousness‬ ‭may‬ ‭then‬ ‭be‬ ‭viewed‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭sequence‬‭of‬‭thoughts‬‭and‬‭images‬‭issuing‬‭from‬‭these‬
‭different,‬‭smaller‬‭'minds',‬‭each‬‭one‬‭competing‬‭for‬‭our‬‭attention.‬‭Robots‬‭might‬‭eventually‬‭attain‬
‭a‬ ‭'silicon‬ ‭consciousness',‬ ‭Robots,‬ ‭in‬ ‭fact,‬ ‭might‬ ‭one‬ ‭day‬ ‭embody‬ ‭an‬‭architecture‬‭for‬‭thinking‬
‭and‬ ‭processing‬ ‭information‬ ‭that‬ ‭is‬ ‭different‬ ‭from‬ ‭ours‬ ‭-‬ ‭but‬ ‭also‬ ‭indistinguishable.‬ ‭If‬ ‭that‬
‭happens,‬ ‭the‬ ‭question‬ ‭of‬ ‭whether‬ ‭they‬ ‭really‬ ‭'understand'‬‭becomes‬‭largely‬‭irrelevant.‬‭A‬‭robot‬
‭that has perfect mastery of syntax, for all practical purposes, understands what is being said.‬

‭Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-F.‬

‭1. an insect that proves the superiority of natural intelligence over Artificial Intelligence‬

‭2. robots being able to benefit from their mistakes‬

‭3. many researchers not being put off believing that Artificial Intelligence will eventually be‬
‭developed‬

‭4. the possibility of creating Artificial Intelligence being doubted by some academics‬

‭8‬
‭5. no generally accepted agreement of what our brains do‬

‭Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer‬‭.‬

‭When will we have a thinking machine?‬

‭Despite‬ ‭some‬ ‭advances,‬ ‭the‬‭early‬‭robots‬‭had‬‭certain‬‭(‭6‬ ‬‭)‬‭______.‬‭They‬‭were‬‭given‬‭the‬‭information‬

‭they‬ ‭needed‬ ‭on‬‭a‬‭(‬‭7‬‭)‬‭______.‬‭This‬‭was‬‭known‬‭as‬‭the‬‭'top-down'‬‭approach‬‭and‬‭enabled‬‭them‬‭to‬‭do‬
‭certain‬ ‭tasks‬ ‭but‬ ‭they‬ ‭were‬ ‭unable‬ ‭to‬ ‭recognise‬ ‭(‬‭8‬‭)‬ ‭______.‬ ‭Nor‬ ‭did‬ ‭they‬ ‭have‬ ‭any‬ ‭intuition‬ ‭or‬
‭ability‬‭to‬‭make‬‭decisions‬‭based‬‭on‬‭experience.‬‭Rodney‬‭Brooks‬‭tried‬‭a‬‭different‬‭(‬‭9‬‭)‬‭______.‬‭Robots‬
‭similar‬ ‭to‬ ‭those‬ ‭invented‬ ‭by‬ ‭Brooks‬ ‭are‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭found‬ ‭on‬ ‭(‬‭10‬‭)‬ ‭______where‬ ‭they‬ ‭are‬ ‭collecting‬
‭information.‬

‭Your answers‬

‭91.‬ ‭92.‬ ‭93.‬ ‭94.‬ ‭95.‬

‭96.‬ ‭97.‬ ‭98.‬ ‭99.‬ ‭100.‬

‭Part 4. Read the following passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D .‬

‭ here‬ ‭is‬ ‭one‬ ‭kind‬ ‭of‬ ‭pain‬ ‭for‬ ‭which‬ ‭nobody‬ ‭has‬ ‭yet‬ ‭found‬ ‭a‬ ‭cure—the‬ ‭pain‬‭that‬‭comes‬‭from‬‭the‬
T
‭ending‬‭of‬‭a‬‭relationship.‬‭The‬‭relationship‬‭could‬‭be‬‭a‬‭marriage,‬‭a‬‭love‬‭affair,‬‭or‬‭a‬‭deep‬‭friendship,‬‭in‬
‭fact,‬ ‭any‬‭strong‬‭emotional‬‭tie‬‭between‬‭two‬‭people.‬‭Such‬‭a‬‭relationship‬‭may‬‭come‬‭to‬‭an‬‭abrupt‬‭but‬
‭premeditated‬‭end:‬‭or‬‭it‬‭may‬‭simply‬‭fade‬‭away‬‭slowly‬‭as‬‭people‬‭and‬‭circumstances‬‭change.‬‭You‬‭may‬
‭be‬‭the‬‭one‬‭to‬‭“break‬‭it‬‭off”‬‭,‬‭with‬‭a‬‭short‬‭note‬‭or‬‭a‬‭brief‬‭phone‬‭call.‬‭Or‬‭you‬‭may‬‭be‬‭on‬‭the‬‭receiving‬
‭end,‬‭like‬‭the‬‭soldier‬‭who‬‭dreads‬‭getting‬‭a‬‭“Dear‬‭john”‬‭letter‬‭from‬‭a‬‭girlfriend‬‭who‬‭has‬‭got‬‭tired‬‭of‬
‭waiting.‬‭But‬‭however‬‭it‬‭ended‬‭and‬‭whoever‬‭decided‬‭to‬‭end‬‭it,‬‭the‬‭pain‬‭is‬‭equally‬‭hard‬‭to‬‭bear.‬‭It‬‭is‬‭a‬
‭sort of death, and it requires the same period of mourning, the same time for grief.‬
‭ lthough‬‭there‬‭is‬‭no‬‭cure‬‭for‬‭grief,‬‭we‬‭cannot‬‭help‬‭looking‬‭for‬‭one,‬‭to‬‭ease‬‭the‬‭pain‬‭and‬‭to‬‭make‬‭us‬
A
‭forget‬‭our‬‭tears.‬‭We‬‭seek‬‭refuge‬‭in‬‭other‬‭relationships,‬‭we‬‭keep‬‭ourselves‬‭busy‬‭with‬‭work,‬‭we‬‭try‬‭to‬
‭immerse‬ ‭ourselves‬ ‭in‬ ‭our‬ ‭hobbies.‬ ‭Perhaps‬ ‭we‬ ‭start‬ ‭to‬ ‭drink‬ ‭more‬‭than‬‭we‬‭should‬‭to‬‭“‭d‬ rown‬‭our‬
‭sorrows‬‭,”‬ ‭or‬ ‭we‬ ‭follow‬ ‭the‬ ‭conventional‬ ‭advice‬ ‭and‬ ‭join‬ ‭a‬ ‭club‬ ‭or‬ ‭society.‬ ‭But‬ ‭these‬‭things‬‭only‬
‭relieve‬‭the‬‭symptoms‬‭of‬‭the‬‭illness;‬‭they‬‭cannot‬‭cure‬‭it.‬‭Moreover,‬‭we‬‭are‬‭always‬‭in‬‭a‬‭hurry‬‭to‬‭get‬
‭rid‬‭of‬‭our‬‭grief.‬‭It‬‭is‬‭as‬‭if‬‭we‬‭were‬‭ashamed‬‭of‬‭it.‬‭We‬‭feel‬‭that‬‭we‬‭should‬‭be‬‭able‬‭to‬‭“pull‬‭ourselves‬
‭together.”‬ ‭We‬ ‭try‬ ‭to‬ ‭convince‬ ‭ourselves,‬ ‭as‬ ‭we‬ ‭bite‬ ‭on‬‭the‬‭pillow,‬‭that‬‭we‬‭are‬‭much‬‭too‬‭old‬‭to‬‭be‬
‭crying.‬ ‭Some‬ ‭people‬ ‭bury‬ ‭their‬ ‭grief‬‭deep‬‭inside‬‭themselves,‬‭so‬‭that‬‭nobody‬‭will‬‭guess‬‭what‬‭they‬
‭are‬ ‭going‬ ‭through.‬‭Others‬‭seek‬‭relief‬‭by‬‭pouring‬‭their‬‭hearts‬‭out‬‭to‬‭their‬‭friends,‬‭or‬‭to‬‭anyone‬‭else‬
‭who‬ ‭can‬ ‭offer‬ ‭a‬ ‭sympathetic‬ ‭shoulder‬ ‭to‬ ‭cry‬ ‭on.‬ ‭But‬ ‭after‬‭a‬‭while,‬‭even‬‭our‬‭friends‬‭start‬‭to‬‭show‬
‭their‬‭impatience,‬‭and‬‭suggest‬‭with‬‭their‬‭reproachful‬‭glances‬‭that‬‭it‬‭is‬‭about‬‭time‬‭we‬‭stopped‬‭crying.‬
‭They, too, are in a hurry for the thing to be over.‬
I‭ t‬‭is‬‭not‬‭easy‬‭to‬‭explain‬‭why‬‭we‬‭adopt‬‭this‬‭attitude‬‭to‬‭emotional‬‭pain,‬‭when‬‭we‬‭would‬‭never‬‭expect‬
‭anyone‬‭to‬‭overcome‬‭physical‬‭pain‬‭simply‬‭by‬‭an‬‭effort‬‭of‬‭will‬‭power.‬‭Part‬‭of‬‭the‬‭answer‬‭must‬‭lie‬‭in‬
‭the‬ ‭nature‬ ‭of‬ ‭grief‬ ‭itself.‬ ‭When‬ ‭the‬ ‭love‬ ‭affair‬ ‭dies,‬ ‭you‬ ‭cannot‬ ‭believe‬ ‭that‬ ‭you‬ ‭will‬ ‭ever‬ ‭find‬
‭another‬ ‭person‬ ‭to‬ ‭replace‬ ‭the‬ ‭one‬ ‭who‬ ‭has‬ ‭gone‬ ‭so‬ ‭completely‬ ‭out‬‭of‬‭your‬‭life.‬‭Even‬‭after‬‭many,‬
‭many‬ ‭months,‬ ‭when‬ ‭you‬ ‭think‬ ‭that‬ ‭you‬ ‭have‬ ‭begun‬ ‭to‬ ‭learn‬ ‭to‬ ‭live‬ ‭without‬ ‭your‬ ‭lost‬ ‭love,‬

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s‭ omething—a‬ ‭familiar‬ ‭place,‬ ‭a‬ ‭piece‬ ‭of‬ ‭music,‬ ‭a‬ ‭whiff‬ ‭of‬ ‭perfume‬ ‭—‬ ‭will‬ ‭suddenly‬ ‭bring‬ ‭the‬
‭bitter-sweet‬‭memories‬‭flooding‬‭back.‬‭You‬‭choke‬‭back‬‭the‬‭tears‬‭and‬‭desperate,‬‭almost‬‭angry,‬‭feeling‬
‭that you are no better now than the day the affair ended.‬
‭And‬ ‭yet,‬ ‭grief‬ ‭is‬ ‭like‬ ‭an‬ ‭illness‬ ‭that‬ ‭must‬ ‭run‬‭its‬‭course.‬‭Memories‬‭do‬‭fade‬‭eventually,‬‭a‬‭healing‬
s‭ kin‬‭does‬‭start‬‭to‬‭grow‬‭over‬‭the‬‭wound,‬‭the‬‭intervals‬‭between‬‭sudden‬‭glimpses‬‭of‬‭the‬‭love‬‭you‬‭have‬
‭lost‬‭do‬‭get‬‭longer.‬‭Bit‬‭by‬‭bit,‬‭life‬‭resumes‬‭its‬‭normal‬‭flow.‬‭Such‬‭is‬‭the‬‭complexity‬‭of‬‭human‬‭nature‬
‭that‬‭we‬‭can‬‭even‬‭start‬‭to‬‭feel‬‭guilty‬‭as‬‭these‬‭things‬‭start‬‭to‬‭happen,‬‭as‬‭if‬‭it‬‭were‬‭an‬‭insult‬‭to‬‭our‬‭lost‬
‭love that we can begin to forget at all.‬
‭ he‬ ‭important‬ ‭thing‬ ‭to‬ ‭admit‬ ‭about‬ ‭grief,‬ ‭then,‬ ‭is‬ ‭that‬ ‭it‬ ‭will‬ ‭take‬‭its‬‭time.‬‭By‬‭trying‬‭to‬‭convince‬
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‭ourselves‬ ‭that‬ ‭it‬ ‭ought‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭over‬ ‭sooner,‬ ‭we‬ ‭create‬ ‭an‬ ‭additional‬ ‭tension‬ ‭which‬ ‭can‬ ‭only‬ ‭make‬
‭things‬ ‭worse.‬‭People‬‭who‬‭have‬‭gone‬‭through‬‭the‬‭agony‬‭of‬‭a‬‭broken‬‭relationship‬‭and‬‭there‬‭are‬‭few‬
‭who‬‭have‬‭not‬‭-agree‬‭that‬‭time‬‭is‬‭the‬‭"GREAT‬‭HEALER".‬‭How‬‭much‬‭time‬‭is‬‭needed‬‭will‬‭vary‬‭from‬
‭person‬ ‭to‬ ‭person,‬ ‭but‬ ‭psychiatrist‬ ‭have‬ ‭“a‬ ‭rule‬ ‭of‬ ‭thumb”:‬ ‭grief‬ ‭will‬ ‭last‬ ‭as‬ ‭long‬ ‭as‬ ‭the‬ ‭original‬
‭relationship‬‭lasted‬‭.The‬‭sad‬‭thing‬‭is‬‭that‬‭,when‬‭the‬‭breakdown‬‭occurs‬‭,we‬‭can‬‭only‬‭stumble‬‭forward‬
‭over‬‭the‬‭stones‬‭beneath‬‭out‬‭feet.‬‭It‬‭is‬‭dark‬‭ahead,‬‭and‬‭you‬‭will‬‭feel‬‭painfully‬‭many‬‭times‬‭before‬‭we‬
‭begin to see the light as the end of the tunnel.‬
‭1. Relationships often come to an end because……………‬
‭A. the feeling of the people was not very deep.‬
‭B. people do not realize the pain they can cause.‬
‭C. people do not always stay the same.‬
‭D. very few people really know how to love.‬
‭2. One way to get over the broken relationship is to …………‬
‭A. write a “Dear john” letter.‬ ‭B. form new relationships‬
‭C. make a brief phone call‬ ‭D. try to forget the other person.‬
‭3. If you seek advice on what to do about a broken relationship, you will probably be told to ………..‬
‭A. pull yourself together (use your will power)‬ ‭B. keep busy at work‬
‭C. find someone else‬ ‭D. join a club‬
‭4. Often we are ashamed when we cry because …………..‬
‭A. we think it is a childish thing to do.‬
‭B. we do not expect our unhappiness to last so long.‬
‭C. we are worried about what others will think of us‬
‭D. only children and babies cry.‬
‭5. You tell your friends about your unhappiness because…………‬
‭A. you hope it will make you feel better‬
‭B. you want them to hear the story from you‬
‭C. you feel sure that they have had similar experiences‬
‭D. you want them to feel sorry for you‬
‭6. When your friends get tired of listening to you they will ………….‬
‭A. tell you to pull yourself together‬
‭B. try to avoid your company‬
‭C. show by their expressions that they have had enough‬

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 ‭D. help you to get over your grief‬
‭7. We are upset by reminders of our lost love because they come so……………‬
‭A. rarely.‬ ‭B. rapidly.‬ ‭C. unexpectedly.‬ ‭D. occasionally.‬
‭8. Memories continue to upset you, and this makes you feel that…………‬
‭A. will never get over your grief‬ ‭B. have no will power‬
‭C. are utterly alone‬ ‭D. have made no progress at all‬
‭9. If we try to recover too quickly from grief we shall make ourselves………‬
‭A. nervous‬ ‭B. tense‬ ‭C. ill‬ ‭D. unpopular‬
1‭ 0.‬‭Psychiatrists‬‭tell‬‭you‬‭that‬‭grief‬‭will‬‭last‬‭as‬‭long‬‭as‬‭the‬‭original‬‭relationship.‬‭This‬‭calculation‬‭is‬
‭……………..‬
‭A. the result of scientific research‬ ‭B. no more than a hopeful guess‬
‭C.‬‭generally‬‭true‬‭but‬‭with‬‭many‬‭exceptions‬ ‭D.‬ ‭based‬ ‭on‬ ‭a‬ ‭deep‬ ‭understanding‬ ‭of‬ ‭human‬
‭nature‬
‭IV. WRITING (50 points)‬

‭Part 1: (20 points)‬

‭ he‬‭chart‬‭shows‬‭the‬‭participation‬‭in‬‭social‬‭work‬‭by‬‭men‬‭and‬‭women‬‭of‬‭the‬‭country‬‭of‬
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‭ ancy from 1992 to 2000‬
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‭Write a report of about 150 words describing their contribution‬

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‭Part 2: Write an essay of about 350 words to express your opinion on the following issue (30 pts)‬

‭Schools‬ ‭are‬ ‭no‬ ‭longer‬ ‭necessary‬ ‭because‬ ‭children‬ ‭can‬ ‭get‬ ‭so‬ ‭much‬ ‭information‬ ‭available‬
‭through the Internet, and they can study just as well at home.‬

‭What is your own opinion?‬

‭Give reasons for your answer, and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or‬
‭experience. You may continue your writing on the back page if you need more space‬

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