IDIOMs

on end
in/for donkey's years
at the drop of a hat immediately or very sud
used to tell someone to be patien
all in good time
from time to time
on the spur of the moment used to say that a decision,
the other day
a stitch in time (saves nine) a prompt, decisive

in this day and age

(every) now and then/again so

someone's heart is in their throat If someone's heart is in

get a move on
make a point of doing something to always do someth

may well If you say that something m

DIOMs
continuously
an extremely long time
immediately or very suddenly, with little to no provocation or forewarning.
o tell someone to be patient because the thing they are eager for will happen when the
time is right

sometimes, but not often

used to say that a decision, action, etc. is sudden and done without any planning
recently, a few days ago

a prompt, decisive action taken now will prevent problems later.

at the present time

sometimes, but not very often
If someone's heart is in their throat, they are feeling extremely nervous
to hurry
to always do something or to take particular care to do something
If you say that something may well happen, you mean that it is likely to happen
 She practices the violin for hours on end.
She's been in the same job for donkey's years.
I can't just travel at the drop of a hat. I have to coordinate my time off with my cow

Be patient, you'll hear the result all in good time.

We just jumped in a car on the spur of the moment and drove to the seaside
I saw her in town the other day.
You should consider getting your car repaired now before you're left stranded on the s
road—a stitch in time saves nine.
You can't afford to run businesses inefficiently in this day and age.
We meet up for lunch now and then, but not as often as we used to.
His heart was in his throat but he walked on bravely.
We need to get a move on if we're going to catch that train.
She makes a point of keeping all her shopping receipts.
She may well not want to travel alone.
n for hours on end.
b for donkey's years.
coordinate my time off with my coworkers.

result all in good time.

e moment and drove to the seaside.

the other day.
w before you're left stranded on the side of the
me saves nine.
nefficiently in this day and age.
, but not as often as we used to.
ut he walked on bravely.
re going to catch that train.
all her shopping receipts.
nt to travel alone.
 PHRAS
any day now v
out of a job
make a start on/at to under
To work industriously an
beaver away
at this moment in time
day trip a visit to a pla

act your age said to someone to

office block
in the course of (sth)
course of action somet
in due course
any
minute/moment/second/time
now
be due to sche
 be to do
be (just) on the point/verge of
be (just) about to
to get off to a flying start

tip up to move or

go and… used

fly at someone/something t

back onto (of

fly open
follow suit
for all I care used to say that you a

thinking about a past even

in retrospect
If you say that someon
to rant and rave
If you say that you can
begin to do sth emphasizing tha

feature article a feature article in

take offence/offense (with at)

HRASEs
very soon, especially within the next few days.
without a job
to undertake the beginning of some project, activity, or task.
work industriously and at great length at some task, project, or goal. Likened to a beaver
working ceaselessly on a dam.

now

a visit to a place in which you go there and come back on the same day

said to someone to tell them to stop behaving like someone who is much younger
office building
in or during the process of something.

something that is done in order to get a particular result

at a suitable time in the future

very soon

scheduled to, expected to; for formal arrangements

 for obligations, formal announcements

for the (very) near future

for the (very) near future
to have a very successful beginning

to move or cause (something) to move so that one end is lifted up.

used to express disapproval of something that is done

to attack another person or animal suddenly

(of a building) to have something directly behind it
come open suddenly
to do the same thing as someone else

sed to say that you are not interested in or worried about what someone else is doing

ng about a past event or situation, often with a different opinion of it from the one you had
at the time
you say that someone rants and raves, you mean that they talk loudly and angrily in an
uncontrolled way.
you say that you cannot begin to imagine, understand, or explain something, you are
emphasizing that it is almost impossible to explain, understand, or imagine.
a feature article in a newspaper or magazine deals in depth with a topic or person
to be offended (by something)
bị xúc phạm
 Phrases, patterns and collocations

They're due to make the announcement any day now.

How long have you been out of a job?
I'll make a start on the dishes if you'll put the kids to bed.
She's been beavering away for years to earn her law degree, and after all that work, s
class.

All we can do at this moment in time is await the outcome.

Do you fancy coming on a day trip to Bath next Saturday?
day trip to the Isle of Wight on the ferry.

You need to grow up and act your age!

an 11-storey glass-fronted office block.
In the course of your employment in the company, were you ever aware or suspicious
activity going on?

He suggested solutions and alternative courses of action.

You will receive notification of the results in due course.

They'll be arriving any minute now.

The train is due to arrive at 5:15.

You're to get those reports written before Friday!
to open in July
I'm just on the point/verge of asking for my pay rise.
I'm just about to ask for my pay rise.
Our new shop has got off to a flying start.

We'll have to tip the sofa up to get it through the door

He's gone and lost (= he has lost) that wallet I gave him for his birthd

He flew at his brother like a crazy person.

Our house backs onto the river.
The doors flew open in the strong gust.
When one airline reduces its prices, the rest soon follow suit.
Sophia can cry her eyes out for all I care.
the match with Paula, for all I care.

In retrospect, I think my marriage was doomed from the beginning

I don't rant and rave or throw tea cups.

You can't begin to imagine how much that saddens me.

He took offence/offense at what she said.

 rns and collocations

e announcement any day now.

you been out of a job?
shes if you'll put the kids to bed.
aw degree, and after all that work, she finished first in her
class.

ent in time is await the outcome.

turday? We took a
le of Wight on the ferry.

w up and act your age!

ss-fronted office block.
, were you ever aware or suspicious of any illicit financial
ty going on?

nd alternative courses of action.

tion of the results in due course.

ving any minute now.

ue to arrive at 5:15.
 The factory is
pen in July
erge of asking for my pay rise.
to ask for my pay rise.
got off to a flying start.

a up to get it through the door

) that wallet I gave him for his birthday.

other like a crazy person.

acks onto the river.
open in the strong gust.
ts prices, the rest soon follow suit.
You can go to
h Paula, for all I care.

age was doomed from the beginning.

rave or throw tea cups.

ne how much that saddens me.

offense at what she said.

 VOC
(n) bureaucracy /bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi/

(n) eventuality /ɪˌventʃuˈæləti/

someone who
(a) jobbing /ˈdʒɒbɪŋ/

(v) out last /ˌaʊtˈlɑːst/ to conti

(n) manageress /ˌmænɪdʒəˈres/ ​a wom

(a) counterproductive /ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv/

(v) counter-attack /ˈkaʊntər ətæk/ to make an

a person or thing
(n) counterpart /ˈkaʊntəpɑːt/

to have an e
(v) counterbalance /ˈkaʊn.təˌbæl.əns/

(v) counteract /ˌkaʊn.tərˈækt/ to reduce o

(n) countermeasure /ˈkaʊn.təˌmeʒ.ər/

(v) arouse /əˈraʊz/

(a) momentous /məˈmentəs/ v

(n) incidence /ˈɪn.sɪ.dəns/

(a) antiquated /ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/

(a) untimely /ʌnˈtaɪmli/

to make someth
(v) issue /ˈɪʃuː/

(v) envisage /ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ/

(n) parliament /ˈpɑːləmənt/

a person whose j
(n) steward /ˈstjuːəd/

(n) pier /pɪə(r)/ ​a long structure

(n) brochure /ˈbrəuʃuə/

the legal
(n) custody /ˈkʌstədi/ something/som

(a) legible /ˈledʒəbl/

(a) illegible /ɪˈledʒəbl/

​words or expres
(n) jargon /ˈdʒɑːɡən/

If you describe so
(a) ill-defined /ˌɪl dɪˈfaɪnd/
 (n) gossip columnist /ˈɡɒs.ɪp ˌkɒl.əm.nɪst/ a person w

in a way that is
(adv) continually /kənˈtɪnjuəli/

(v) elicit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/

to suggest or acc
(v) posit /ˈpɒzɪt/

(a) physiological /ˌfɪziəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

(n) physiology /ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/ the sci

a situation that
(n) cul-de-sac /ˈkʌl.də.sæk/

(n) reincarnation /ˌriːɪnkɑːˈneɪʃn/ the b

a serious conditi
(n) arthritis /ɑːˈθraɪ.tɪs/

(n) exclamatory mark

(n) exclamation /ekskləˈmeiʃən/

chủ nghĩa biểu hi

(n) expressionism (-ist) /ɪkˈspreʃ.ən.ɪ.zəm/

(a) expressionless /ɪkˈspreʃ.ən.ləs/

(n) hearing /ˈhɪə.rɪŋ/ a

(a) hearing
 (v) implicate /ˈimpliˌkeit/ bị vướn

a possible effe
(n) implication /ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn/

(a) implicit
(n) phraseology /ˌfreɪziˈɒlədʒi/

(prep; adv) throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ in

(n) printout /ˈprɪntaʊt/ imag

(v) imprint /ɪmˈprɪnt/ to

(a) unprintable /ʌnˈprɪntəbl/ ​(of w

the activity of m
(n) publicity /pʌbˈlɪs.ə.ti/

(a) unsaid /ʌnˈsed/

(v) gainsay /ˌɡeɪnˈseɪ/ to say that s

(n) spokesman /ˈspəʊksmən/

(a) unspeakable /ʌnˈspiːkəbl/

(a) outspoken /aʊtˈspəʊkən/

(v) understate /ˌʌndəˈsteɪt/ to

 (v) overstate /ˌəʊvəˈsteɪt/ to

(a) suggestible /səˈdʒestəbl/

(v) typeset /ˈtaɪpset/

(a) worded /ˈwɜːdɪd/

(n) incompetence /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtəns/ ​the lac

VOCABs
chế độ quan liêu, bộ máy quan liêu.
something that may possibly happen, especially something unpleasant

someone who does not work regularly for one person or organization but does small pieces
different people

to continue to exist or take part in an activity for a longer time than somebody/some

​a woman who is in charge of a small business, for example, a shop, restaurant or ho

having the opposite effect to the one that was intended

to make an attack in response to the attack of an enemy or opponent in war, sport or an a

a person or thing that has the same position or function as somebody/something else in a diff
situation, người tương nhiệm

to have an equal but opposite effect on something so that it does not have too much of a
characteristic:

to reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing an opposite effect

an action taken against an unwanted action or situation

to make somebody have a particular feeling or attitude

 very important or serious, especially because there may be important results

the rate at which something, especially a disease, happens

old-fashioned and no longer suitable for modern conditions

happening too soon or sooner than is normal or expected

to make something known formally

to give something to somebody, especially officially

to imagine what will happen in the future

nghị viện
a person whose job is to take care of passengers on a ship, an aircraft or a train and who bring
etc.

​a long structure built in the sea and joined to the land at one end, often with places of enterta

a short booklet giving information about holidays, products etc

the legal right or duty to take care of or keep somebody/something; the act of taking c
something/somebody
state of being in prison, especially while waiting for trial

clear enough to read

difficult or impossible to read
​words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group of people, and are diffic
to understand (thuật ngữ chuyên ngành)

If you describe something as ill-defined, you mean that its exact nature or extent is not as clear
or could be.
 a person who writes stories about the social and private lives of famous people for a ne

in a way that is repeated many times so that it is annoying

way that continues without a break ~~(continuously)

to get information or a reaction from somebody, often with difficulty

to suggest or accept that something is true so that it can be used as the basis for an argument
postulate

connected with the scientific study of the normal functions of living things
the scientific study of the normal functions of living things, sinh lý học, chức năng sin

a situation that leads nowhere

street that is closed at one end

the belief that after somebody’s death their soul lives again in a new body, đầu th

a serious condition in which a person's joints (= the places where two bones are connected) be
swollen, and stiff:
dấu chấm than

thán từ, an expression of surprise or other sudden feeling

chủ nghĩa biểu hiện, a style of art, music, or writing, beginning in the 1900s, that tries to expre
emotions rather than trying to accurately represent how things appear:

not showing what someone thinks or feels

an official meeting that is held to collect the facts about an event or problem

able to hear
 bị vướng vào, ngụ ý (to show or suggest that something is the cause of something

a possible effect or result of an action or a decision, something that is suggested or indirect

something that is implied)

complete and not doubted, unquestioning; complete (~absolute)

cách nói, cách viết

in or into every part of something ; during the whole period of time of something

imagea page or set of pages containing information in printed form from a compu

to have a great effect on something so that it cannot be forgotten, changed, etc

​(of words or comments) too offensive or shocking to be printed and read by peop

the activity of making certain that someone or something attracts a lot of interest or attentio
people, or the attention received as a result of this activity

​thought but not spoken

to say that something is not true; to disagree with or deny something, chối cãi, không nhậ

​a person who speaks for a group or an organization, người phát ngôn

​that cannot be described in words, usually because it is so bad

​saying exactly what you think, even if this shocks or offends people (~blunt)

to state that something is smaller, less important or less serious than it really is
 to say something in a way that makes it seem more important than it really is
A suggestible person is easily influenced by other people's opinions
to prepare a book, etc. for printing
written or said in a particular way

​the lack of skill or ability to do your job or a task as it should be done, sự thiếu năng
êu, bộ máy quan liêu. We need to reduce
ppen, especially something unpleasant We we

erson or organization but does small pieces of work for

rent people

vity for a longer time than somebody/something He can

siness, for example, a shop, restaurant or hotel

ct to the one that was intended It would be cou

an enemy or opponent in war, sport or an argument

The women's shoe, like its male coun

nction as somebody/something else in a different place or
m

hing so that it does not have too much of a particular The ugliness of the resort

unwanted by producing an opposite effect Drinking a lot of water c

an unwanted action or situation The Chancellor's countermea

e a particular feeling or attitude to arouse

 y because there may be important results a mom

ng, especially a disease, happens They found an increased

er suitable for modern conditions The antiquated he

oner than is normal or expected She met

They issued a joint statement denyin

issued yesterday by the government,
omebody, especially officially

I can't envisage her coping with th

will happen in the future
that the

ghị viện The German

n a ship, an aircraft or a train and who brings them meals,
etc.

land at one end, often with places of entertainment on it

mation about holidays, products etc Get som

ep somebody/something; the act of taking care of The divorce court awarded custody
the custody of the children?
especially while waiting for trial

nough to read
mpossible to read
profession or group of people, and are difficult for others medical/legal/computer, etc. jargo
huật ngữ chuyên ngành) usin

hat its exact nature or extent is not as clear as it should be

...staff
could be.
and private lives of famous people for a newspaper Taylor worked as a g

annoying in a They argue continually about money

hout a break ~~(continuously) to new and

n from somebody, often with difficulty I cou

it can be used as the basis for an argument or discussion ~

Most religion
ostulate

y of the normal functions of living things

ns of living things, sinh lý học, chức năng sinh lý the depa

a
s closed at one end

their soul lives again in a new body, đầu thai Do

e places where two bones are connected) become painful,

In later
en, and stiff:
chấm than

He shook his fist in an exclamation

surprise or other sudden feeling

, beginning in the 1900s, that tries to express feelings and Van Gogh was one of the pioneers
appeal.
ccurately represent how things appear: fa

t someone thinks or feels She watched, expr

I think we should give him a (fair) he

ollect the facts about an event or problem
examine charges of serio

le to hear We wanted to create someth

 The minister resigned after being im
that something is the cause of something bad)
The report implicated

ion, something that is suggested or indirectly stated (= The development of the site will h
criticized the Director and, by impli
g that is implied)
the implica

She had the implicit trust of her sta

nquestioning; complete (~absolute)

nói, cách viết Simple phraseology

The house was painted white throu
uring the whole period of time of something ceremony lasted
g information in printed form from a computer a printout
imprint A in/on B: He imprints his o
so that it cannot be forgotten, changed, etc.
with A: His wor
or shocking to be printed and read by people He was known for his incendiary

mething attracts a lot of interest or attention from many

eceived as a result of this activity He attracted a lot of adverse/

but not spoken Som

with or deny something, chối cãi, không nhận (~deny) There is no gainsaying these facts.
No

a spokesman on Northern Ireland

p or an organization, người phát ngôn spokesman for somebo

words, usually because it is so bad

n if this shocks or offends people (~blunt) outspoken in something She was

It would be a mistake to understate

ess important or less serious than it really is
To say that the reviews were mixe
kes it seem more important than it really is He tends to o
nfluenced by other people's opinions The success of adver
book, etc. for printing Page
d in a particular way

r a task as it should be done, sự thiếu năng lực He was dismissed for incompetence.
 We need to reduce paperwork and bureaucracy in the company.
We were prepared for every eventuality.

a jobbing actor/builder.

He can outlast anyone on the dance floor.

It would be counterproductive to act hastily at this stage.

shoe, like its male counterpart, is specifically designed for the serious tennis player.
The Foreign Minister held talks with his
Chinese counterpart.

he ugliness of the resort is counterbalanced by the excellence of the skiing.

rinking a lot of water counteracts the dehydrating effects of hot weather.

ancellor's countermeasures against inflation have been completely ineffective.

to arouse somebody’s interest/curiosity/anger

 a momentous decision/event/occasion

They found an increased incidence of cancer near nuclear power stations.

The antiquated heating system barely heats the larger rooms.

She met a tragic and untimely death at 25.

joint statement denying the charges. A warning was

day by the government, asking people to stay in their homes.
to issue a licence/certificate/permit/ticket

sage her coping with this job. I envisage

that the work will be completed next year.

The German parliament is called the ‘Bundestag’.

a ship’s steward

the fishermen on the pier

Get some brochures from the travel agent.

ourt awarded custody to the child's mother. Who will have

he children? After the riot, 32 people were
taken into police custody.

legible handwriting
an illegible signature
al/computer, etc. jargon Try to avoid
using too much technical jargon.

...staff with ill-defined responsibilities.

 Taylor worked as a gossip columnist for a newspaper in Los Angeles.

ntinually about money. the need to adapt

to new and continually changing circumstances

I could elicit no response from him.

Most religions posit the existence of life after death.

physiological research
the department of anatomy and physiology

an intellectual cul-de-sac

Do you believe in reincarnation?

In later life she was crippled with arthritis.

s fist in an exclamation of anger. He gave an

exclamation of surprise.

as one of the pioneers of Expressionism, and he used colour primarily for its emotive
Munch's "The Scream" is a
famous expressionist painting.

She watched, expressionless, as they took her belongings away.

uld give him a (fair) hearing (= we should listen to what he wants to say).
A disciplinary hearing will
amine charges of serious professional misconduct against three surgeons.

anted to create something that both deaf and hearing audiences could enjoy.
 esigned after being implicated in the scandal.
The report implicated poor water quality as the cause of cattle deaths.

pment of the site will have implications for the surrounding countryside. He
Director and, by implication, the whole of the organization. I resent
the implication that I don't care about my father.

implicit trust of her staff. implicit

obedience.

Simple phraseology throughout makes the work easily accessible.

was painted white throughout. The
ceremony lasted two hours and we had to stand throughout.
a printout of text downloaded from the internet
/on B: He imprints his own personal style on his work. imprint B
with A: His work is imprinted with his own personal style.
nown for his incendiary remarks, most of them unprintable in a family newspaper.

acted a lot of adverse/bad publicity with his speech about unmarried mothers.

Some things are better left unsaid.

ainsaying these facts.
Nobody can gainsay his claims.

n on Northern Ireland
spokesman for somebody/something a spokesman for the government

unspeakable suffering
in something She was outspoken in her criticism of the plan.
outspoken comments

mistake to understate the seriousness of the problem.

the reviews were mixed is to understate the case—the cons far outweighed the pros.
 He tends to overstate his case when talking politics.
The success of advertising proves that we are all highly suggestible.
Pages can now be typeset on screen.
a carefully worded speech
sed for incompetence.
police incompetence