Grade 8 2nd Handouts

Grade 8- English 2024-2025
PRE-TEST
Read each of the following situations. Write A if it is acceptable and NA if it is not

acceptable in writing a bibliography.
_______ 1. A learner can get information from various websites and acknowledge the author by writing
the sources used.
_______ 2. A learner may not cite sources of information that he/she used in his/her research. _______
3. A research paper requisitely contains a bibliography written on a separate page and placed at the end
part of the paper.
_______ 4. It is important to cite the sources of information that you used in your research because it will
give credit to the author.
_______ 5. In writing a bibliography, it is a necessity to use appropriate punctuations.
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Read and examine the sentences below:
1. His 75-year-old mother is too old to ride a horse.

2. His 75-year-old mother might be too old to ride a horse.
What have you noticed in sentences 1 and 2?

Do they have the same meaning? If not, what is their difference?
Modal Verbs are auxiliary or helping verbs which modify or change the
meaning of the main verbs. You use modal verbs in giving advice or
suggestions, in making requests, or in giving predictions and prohibitions. To
show more of the other uses of modal verbs, here is a list with sample
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sentences:
Modal Verb Expressing Example

It could be used to
Our first
express
Modal Verb
is the word ability I can swim.
can permission Can I use your phone please?
possibility Smoking can cause cancer.
When I was younger, I could run
ability in the past
could fast.
Excuse me, could I just say
polite permission
something?
possibility It could rain tomorrow!
may permission May I use your phone please?
possibility, probability It might rain tomorrow!
might
polite permission May I suggest an idea?
Modal Verb Expressing Example

will desire, preference, I will take this duty.
choice, or consent Will you stop talking like that?
would to request or offer Would you like a cup of tea?
in if-sentences If I were you, I would say sorry.
should to give advice You should stop smoking.
to say something
We should be there this evening.
expected or correct
must You must stop when the traffic
strong obligation
lights turn red.
logical conclusion / He must be very tired. He's been
Certainty working all day long.
Whether modals or modal verbs, modal auxiliaries or modal auxiliary verbs, they
are all the same. The modal verbs and the primary verbs (be, do and have) are called
auxiliary verbs. The difference between these two groups of verbs is that we can use
modal verbs as auxiliary verbs only. In other words, we cannot use modal verbs on their
own in a sentence, as they are not complete by themselves. We have to use them with
other verbs, which must be in the simple present tense.
In statements, the form is;
Subject + Modal + Main Verb + ….
Examples:
I can swim. We must go.

You should do your homework.
They must wait for us.
He may be at home.
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If the sentence has a main verb and a modal verb, question form is;
Modal + Subject + Main Verb + ….
Sentence Question
I may visit you tomorrow. May I visit you tomorrow?
You can repeat it. Can you repeat it?
If we want to make a negative yes/no question with modals, question form is

Modal + NOT + Subject + Main Verb + ….
Sentence Question
We can be friends. Can’t we be friends?
They could ride. Couldn’t they ride?
When we are replying the question, we can use short or long form for the answer.
Answer forms are;
Yes + Subject + Modal Verb (+ …)
No + Subject + Modal Verb + Not (+ …)
Question Answer
Should I clean my No. / No, you shouldn’t. / No, you shouldn’t
room every day? clean your room every day.
Will you sit down? Yes. / Yes, I will. / Yes, I will sit down.
ACTIVITY:
Directions: Choose the appropriate modal verb to be used in the questions.
______ you please carry my things?

A. May B. Will C. Should D. Must
_______ you like some snacks?
A. Would B. Should C. Can D. Might
______ I dance with you?
A. Must B. Would C. Can D. Might
______ I suggest a better place to live in?
A. Could B. Can C. Would D. Might
______ you please get me a water?
A. Could B. Should C. Would D. Might
Nouns are any naming words for people, animals, places, things, ideas, and
qualities. They name everything around us, including those that are invisible (wind,
gas, vapor).
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A noun in a sentence can be recognized by the word called determiner or an
adjective that comes before it. The determiner (articles are also determiners) can be
one of these lists with the nouns in bold words:
Articles: the, a, an (the duck, a hen, an egg)

Determiner: my, some, this (my wallet, some money, this coin)
Descriptive adjective: red, old, beautiful (red shirt, old socks, a beautiful dress)
Nouns can be divided into common nouns and proper nouns:
Common Noun
Common nouns are names of people, things, animals, places, ideas, etc. Common
Nouns name a general, unspecific class of similar things (chair, box), and not an
individual member of a specified group of people or things. They are not capitalized
unless they come at the beginning of a sentence.
Examples:
People – aunt, boy, butcher, carpenter, cousin, father

Things – bicycle, book, car, computer, dress, hammer
Animals – armadillo, baboon, bee, caterpillar, cow, dog
Places – airport, beach, bullring, cemetery, church
Proper Noun
A proper noun is a name of a specific person (personal name and Mr. that
precedes the name), place (names of street, city, and country), thing, animal (a
name given to an animal or a pet’s name), or organization. Proper nouns should
always be capitalized.
Examples:
People –Angel Locsin, Jose Rizal, Rodrigo Duterte

Places – Museum of Modern Art, Sahara Desert
Things – Financial Times, Eiffel Tower, Big Ben
Organization – United Nations, International Labor Organization, Red Brigades
Animals – King Kong, Elephant, Bugs Bunny
Day and months – Saturday, Tuesday, April, September
Events – World War II, Christmas Day, Wedding Day
Directions: Fill in each blank with the correct form of the given nouns. Choose your
answer from the table. Do not repeat a noun in any of the sentences.
chair information hair

luggage furniture works
1. I don't have much ___________. Just two small bags

2. They are going to tell you all you want to know. They are going to give you a lot
of ___________.
3. There is room for everybody to sit down. There are a lot of ___________.
4. We have no ___________, not even a bed or a table.
5. 'What does Alan look like?' He's got a long beard and very short ___________.
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The Adverbs.
What is an adverb?
An adverb is a part of speech that describes a verb, adjective, another adverb, a

phrase, a clause, or a sentence.
A great way to pick out an adverb from a sentence is to look for the word ending in -ly.
Although that's not universally true, it's a great place to start. Also, given their function,
these fundamental elements of the English language are usually placed right before or
after the verb in the sentence.
Adverbs are intensifiers, and they can even come in the form of an adverb phrase.
That means you're looking at two or more words that act as an adverb.
We are going to explore more about adverb by knowing its types.
Adverb of manner explains how an action is carried out. It answers the question, ‘how
is the action performed?’.
Examples:
The dinner party went badly.

John answered the question correctly.
Adverb of degree is used to discuss the degree or intensity of an adjective, an action,

or another adverb. It answers the question, ‘how much is the action performed?’.
Examples:
She completely forgot about her anniversary.

I read the newspaper thoroughly.
Adverb of frequency is used to express how often or how frequently something

happens. Adverbs of frequency will usually be placed after the main verb or between
the auxiliary verb and infinitive.
Examples:
I can normally make the shot.

He always takes the bus.
Adverb of place always talks about the location where the action of the verb is being
carried out. It always answers one important question, ‘where?’
Examples:
Put the cake there.

After a long day at work, we headed homewards.
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Adverb of time describes when, for how long, or how often a certain action happened.
It answers the question ‘when/how frequently is the action performed?’.
Examples:
Harvey forgot his lunch yesterday.
Tomorrow our fate will be sealed.
ACTIVITY:
Directions: Tell whether the adverb in the sentence is an adverb of manner, degree,
frequency, place, or time. Write your answer on the blank provided.
1. Mike is running fast. ________________

2. He is staying at my home. ________________
3. We take a vacation at least once annually.________________
4. The newspaper arrives daily.________________
5. She completely forgot about her anniversary.______________
08/2024/DATE

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Grade 8- English 2024-2025

Read each of the following situations. Write A if it is acceptable and NA if it is not

Read and examine the sentences below:

1. His 75-year-old mother is too old to ride a horse.

What have you noticed in sentences 1 and 2?

Modal Verb Expressing Example

Modal Verb Expressing Example

In statements, the form is;

Subject + Modal + Main Verb + ….

I can swim. We must go.

If we want to make a negative yes/no question with modals, question form is

Directions: Choose the appropriate modal verb to be used in the questions.

______ you please carry my things?

Articles: the, a, an (the duck, a hen, an egg)

Nouns can be divided into common nouns and proper nouns:

People – aunt, boy, butcher, carpenter, cousin, father

People –Angel Locsin, Jose Rizal, Rodrigo Duterte

chair information hair

1. I don't have much ___________. Just two small bags

An adverb is a part of speech that describes a verb, adjective, another adverb, a

The dinner party went badly.

Adverb of degree is used to discuss the degree or intensity of an adjective, an action,

She completely forgot about her anniversary.

Adverb of frequency is used to express how often or how frequently something

I can normally make the shot.

Put the cake there.

1. Mike is running fast. ________________

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