SOLUTIONS OF SELECTED PROBLEMS OF EXERCISE 7

ANS 7.7

Consider the element 1-2 , for L1 = 1m  = 0o

0 1 0 U1    FX 1 
 1

1
0 0 0 0  V1    FY 1 
1

AE      …………….(1)
 1 0 1 0 U 2   FX 1 
 
0 0 0  V2   F 1 
  Y  2 
2
0

For element 2-3   63.440 (By trigonometry and Pythagoras theorem)

L2= 1.118m

 0.1789 0.3578 0.1789 0.3578  U 2   FX  2 

 2

 0.3578 0.7156 0.3578 0.7156   V    F 2 
AE    2    Y 2  ……………..(2)
 0.1789 0.3578 0.1789 0.3578  U 3   F  2 
     X 23 
 0.3578  0.7158 0.3578 0.7158   V3    F  
 Y 3
For element 3-4   1800 L3 = 1.5m

0 0.667 0  U 3   FX 3 
 3

 0.667
 0 0 0 0  V3    FY 3 
3

AE      ……………..(3)
 0.667 0 0.667 0  U 4   FX 3 
 
0  V4   F 3 
  Y  4 
4
 0 0 0

For element 4-2   450 L4 = 2m

 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535  U 4   FX 4 

 4

 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535   V    F  4 
AE    4    Y 4  ……………(4)
 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535  U 2   F 4 
     X 42 
 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535 0.3535   V2    F  
 Y 2

For element 1-4   900 L5 = 1m

0 1 0 U1   FX 1 
 5

1
0 0 0 0  V1    FY 1 
5

AE      ……………..(5)
 1 0 1 0 U 4   FX 5 
 
0 0 0  V4   F 5 
  Y  4 
4
0

Assembling equation nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

  Fx 1 
 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0  U1   
0 1      Fy  
1

0 0 0 0 0 1   V1  
 2
 1 0 1.5324 4.3* e 3
0.1789 0.3578 0.3535 0.3535  U 2   Fx  
   2
0 0 4.3* e3 1.0693 0.3578 0.7156 0.3535 0.3535   V2   Fy  


AE   
 0 0 0.1789 0.3578 8.459 0.3578 0.667 0  U 3   Fx 3 
 
0   V3   Fy 3 
    
 0 0 0.3578 0.7156 0.3578 0.7156 0
 0 0 0.3535 0.3535 0.667 1.0205 0.3535 U 4  
 Fx  
0 4
 
  
 0 1 0.3535 0.3535 0 0 0.3535 0.3535   V4 
 Fy 4 
 
U1  V1  0
U 4  V4  0

Therefore, eliminating corresponding 4 rows and columns, we get

 1.5324 4.3* e3 0.1789 0.3578  U 2   0 

    
 4.3* e 3 1.0693 0.3578 0.7156   V2   0 

 0.1789 0.3578 0.8459 0.3578  U 3   0 
AE
 
 0.3578 0.7156 0.3578 0.7156   V3   100 

Value of A  6cm2  6 * e 4 m 2
For steel E = 210* e9 N / m 2

Therefore,

U 2  0.1189* e5 
V   5 
 2   0.3431* e 
  6 
All values in meter.
U 3   0.5950* e 
 V3   0.5433* e 5 

The deflections of node 3 due to vertical downward load of 100N are

U 3  0.5950 * e 6 m
……………………ANSWER
V3  0.5433* e 5 m
ANS 7.9
The connectivity for the present mesh is
Element 1: 1- 2
Element 2: 2- 3
Element 3: 3- 4

Element 1:

 12 6h  12 6 h  V1   F1 

EI  6 h 4h 2  6h 2 h 2   1  M 
 1
   (1 ) 
h 3   12  6h 12  6 h  V 2   F2 
 
 6h 2h 2  6h 4 h 2   2   M 2 
Element 2: V2
 V3

EA 2  1  1 V 2   F2( 2 ) 
  1 1  V    
h    3   F3 

Element 3: V3

V4

EA 3 1  1 V 3   F3 
 1    
h  1  V 4   F 4 

Global matrix form as,

 12EI 6EI 12EI 6EI 
 h3 0 0 
h2 h3 h2
 6EI 4EI  6EI 2EI 
 2 0 0 V1   F1 
 h h h2 h    M 
 12EI  6EI 12EI EA2  6E  EA2    
 0 V  F (1)  F (2) 
1 1

 h3 h2 h3 h h2 h  2
 6EI     M 
2 2
2EI  6EI 4EI
 2 0 0  2   2 
 h h h2 h V3   F3 
 0  EA2 EA2 EA3  EA3    
0 0  V   F 
 h h h h  4   4
  EA3 EA3 
 0 0 0 0 
 h h 

Boundary conditions are:

V1=0, 1  0 ; V4=0
 0 
 0 
 
  1000 
Load vector:  
 0 
 0 
 
 0 

12 E1 I E 2 A2  6 E1 I  E 2 A2 
 h3  h  V

h2 h
  2    1000 
 6 E1 I 4 E1 I  0 
 0   2  
 h2 h    
  E 2 A2 E 2 A 2 E 2 A3  V3   0 
 0 
h h h 
  
I d4   (10) 4  490.67 mm 4 Assume, E1  2.110 N mm
5 2
64 64
E2  0.8105 N mm2
 
A2  d2   (3) 2  7.0685mm2
4 4
 
A3  d2   (6) 2  28.272mm2
4 4

 4.06106  618.24  2.8274106 V2  1000

    
  618.24 412.16 10 0 2    0 
3

 2.8274106 6  
 0 14.135 10 V3   0 

V2  2.8610 0 5.7 108 1000

7

    
 
 2  0 2.426 106
0  0 
V   5.7 108 0 8.2 108  0 
 3 
Deflections:

V 2   2 . 86  10  4 mm V 3  5 . 7  10  5 mm

Stresses:

P (1000)
2    147.47 N mm2 (Compressive)
A2 7.0685

P (1000)
3    35.370 N mm2 (Compressive)
A3 28.272