Report
Report
Report
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 04:18 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
RBC Parameters
Hemoglobin 13.4 g/dL 12.0 - 15.0
Spectrophotometry (Cyanide Free)
RBC Count 4.4 10^6/µl 3.8 - 4.8
Electrical impedance
PCV 39.4 % 36 - 46
Calculated
MCV 88.9 fl 83 - 101
Calculated
MCH 30.1 pg 27 - 32
Calculated
MCHC 33.9 g/dL 31.5 - 34.5
Calculated
RDW (CV) 11.7 % 11.6 - 14.0
Calculated
RDW-SD 43 fl 35.1 - 43.9
Calculated
WBC Parameters
TLC 8.6 10^3/µl 4 - 10
Electrical impedance
Differential Leucocyte Count
Neutrophils 62 % 40-80
Flow cytometry - DHSS
Lymphocytes 26 % 20-40
Flow cytometry - DHSS
Monocytes 6 % 2-10
Flow cytometry - DHSS
Eosinophils 6 % 1-6
Flow cytometry - DHSS
Basophils 0 % <2
Electrical Impedance
Absolute Leukocyte Counts
Calculated
Neutrophils. 5.33 10^3/µl 2-7
Calculated
Lymphocytes. 2.24 10^3/µl 1-3
Calculated
Monocytes. 0.52 10^3/µl 0.2 - 1.0
Calculated
Eosinophils. 0.52 10^3/µl 0.02 - 0.5
Calculated
Page 1 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : HQ818760
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Whole blood EDTA
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 04:18 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Basophils. 0 10^3/µl 0.02 - 0.5
Calculated
Platelet Parameters
Platelet Count 391 10^3/µl 150 - 410
Electrical impedance
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) 7.8 fL 9.3 - 12.1
Calculated
PCT 0.3 % 0.17 - 0.32
Calculated
PDW 12.4 fL 8.3 - 25.0
Calculated
P-LCR 17.2 % 18 - 50
Calculated
P-LCC 67 %10^9/L 44 - 140
Calculated
Mentzer Index 20.2 % > 13
Calculated
Interpretation:
CBC provides information about red cells, white cells and platelets. Results are useful in the diagnosis of anemia, infections, leukemias,
clotting disorders and many other medical conditions.
Mentzer index- This anemia calculator is based on a simple calculation from two values: mean corpuscular volume, MCV (given in femtoliters —
fl) and red blood cell count, RBC (in a million per mm³). The Mentzer index formula is the following: Mentzer index = MCV / RBC. If the result
is <13, thalassemia is more probable. Otherwise, if the result is >13, then iron deficiency anemia is the most probable. If the index
equals 13, the test results are inconclusive.
Page 2 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : HQ818760
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Whole blood EDTA
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 04:48 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Interpretation:
ESR is also known as Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate. An ESR test is used to assess inflammation in the body. Many conditions can cause an
abnormal ESR, so an ESR test is typically used with other tests to diagnose and monitor different diseases. An elevated ESR may occur in
inflammatory conditions including infection, rheumatoid arthritis ,systemic vasculitis, anemia, multiple myeloma , etc. Low levels are typically
seen in congestive heart failure, polycythemia ,sickle cell anemia, hypo fibrinogenemia , etc.
Page 3 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : HQ818760
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Whole blood EDTA
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 06:28 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Interpretation:
Interpretation For HbA1c% As per American Diabetes Association (ADA)
Reference Group HbA1c in %
Non diabetic adults >=18 years <5.7
At risk (Prediabetes) 5.7 - 6.4
Diagnosing Diabetes >= 6.5
Age > 19 years
Goal of therapy: < 7.0
Therapeutic goals for glycemic control
Age < 19 years
Goal of therapy: <7.5
Note:
1. Since HbA1c reflects long term fluctuations in the blood glucose concentration, a diabetic patient who is recently under good control may still
have a high concentration of HbA1c. Converse is true for a diabetic previously under good control but now poorly controlled.
2. Target goals of < 7.0 % may be beneficial in patients with short duration of diabetes, long life expectancy and no significant cardiovascular
disease. In patients with significant complications of diabetes, limited life expectancy or extensive co-morbid conditions, targeting a goal of < 7.0 %
may not be appropriate.
Comments :
HbA1c provides an index of average blood glucose levels over the past 8 - 12 weeks and is a much better indicator of long term glycemic control as
compared to blood and urinary glucose determinations ADA criteria for correlation between HbA1c & Mean plasma glucose levels.
HbA1c(%) Mean Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) HbA1c(%) Mean Plasma Glucose (mg/dL)
6 126 12 298
8 183 14 355
10 240 16 413
Page 4 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:35 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Interpretation:
The liver filters and processes blood as it circulates through the body. It metabolizes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, makes blood
clotting proteins, and performs many other vital functions. The cells in the liver contain proteins called enzymes that drive these chemical
reactions. When liver cells are damaged or destroyed, the enzymes in the cells leak out into the blood, where they can be measured by blood
tests Liver tests check the blood for two main liver enzymes. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST),SGOT: The AST enzyme is also found in
muscles and many other tissues besides the liver. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), SGPT: ALT is almost exclusively found in the liver. If ALT
and AST are found together in elevated amounts in the blood, liver damage is most likely present. Alkaline Phosphatase and GGT: Another of
the liver's key functions is the production of bile, which helps digest fat. Bile flows through the liver in a system of small tubes (ducts), and is
eventually stored in the gallbladder, under the liver. When bile flow is slow or blocked, blood levels of certain liver enzymes rise: Alkaline
phosphatase Gamma-utamyl transpeptidase (GGT) Liver tests may check for any or all of these enzymes in the blood. Alkaline phosphatase is
by far the most commonly tested of the three. If alkaline phosphatase and GGT are elevated, a problem with bile flow is most likely present. Bile
flow problems can be due to a problem in the liver, the gallbladder, or the tubes connecting them. Proteins are important building blocks of all
cells and tissues. Proteins are necessary for your body's growth, development, and health. Blood contains two classes of protein, albumin and
globulin. Albumin proteins keep fluid from leaking out of blood vessels. Globulin proteins play an important role in your immune system. Low
total protein may
Indicate:
1.Bleeding
2.Liver disorder
3.Malnutrition
4.Agammaglobulinemia High Protein levels 'Hyperproteinemia: May be seen in dehydration due to inadequate water intake or to excessive
water loss (eg, severe vomiting, diarrhea, Addison's disease and diabetic acidosis) or as a result of increased production of proteins Low
Page 5 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:35 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
albumin levels may be
Caused by:
1.A poor diet (malnutrition).
2.Kidney disease.
3.Liver disease. High albumin levels may be caused by: Severe dehydration.
Page 6 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:35 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Interpretation:
Kidney function tests is a collective term for a variety of individual tests and proceduresthat can be done toevaluate how well the kidneys are functioning. Many
conditions can affect the ability of the kidneys to carryout their vital functions. Somelead to a rapid (acute) decline in kidney functionothers lead to a gradual
(chronic) declineinfunction. Both result in a buildup of toxic waste subst done on urine samples, as well as on blood samples. A number of symptoms may indicate
a problem with your kidneys. These include : high blood pressure,blood in urine frequent urges to urinate,difficulty beginning urination,painful urination,swelling
in the hands and feet due to a buildup of fluids in the body. A single symptom may not mean something serious. However, when occurring simultaneously, these
symptoms suggest that your kidneys are not working properly. Kidney function tests can help determine the reason. Electrolytes are present in the human body
and the balancing act of the electrolytes in our bodies is essential for normal function of our cells and organs. There has to be a balance.Ionized calcium this test if
you have signs of kidney or parathyroid disease. The test may also be done to monitor progress and treatment of these diseases.
Page 7 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:35 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Page 8 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:35 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Lipid Profile
Interpretation:
Lipid level assessments must be made following 9 to 12 hours of fasting, otherwise assay results might lead to erroneous interpretation. NCEP recommends of 3
different samples to be drawn at intervals of 1 week for harmonizing biological variables that might be encountered in single assays.
National Lipid Association Recommendations Total Cholesterol Triglyceride LDL Cholesterol Non HDL Cholesterol
(NLA-2014) (mg/dL) (mg/dL) (mg/dL) (mg/dL)
Optimal <200 <150 <100 <130
Above Optimal 100-129 130 - 159
Borderline High 200-239 150-199 130-159 160 - 189
High >=240 200-499 160-189 190 - 219
Very High - >=500 >=190 >=220
HDL Cholesterol
Low High
<40 >=60
Risk Stratification for ASCVD (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease) by Lipid Association of India.
Page 9 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:35 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
of end organ damage 3. CHD stage 3B or 4. 4 LDL >190 mg/dl 5. Extreme of a single
High Risk
risk factor 6. Coronary Artery Calcium - CAC > 300 AU 7. Lipoprotein a >/= 50 mg/dl
8. Non stenotic carotid plaque
Moderate Risk 2 major ASCVD risk factors
Low Risk 0-1 major ASCVD risk factors
Newer treatment goals and statin initiation thresholds based on the risk categories proposed by Lipid Association of India
in 2020.
Extreme Risk Group Category A <50 (Optional goal <OR = 30) <80 (Optional goal <OR = 60) >OR = 50 >OR = 80
Extreme Risk Group Category B >OR = 30 >OR = 60 > 30 > 60
Very High Risk <50 <80 >OR = 50 >OR = 80
High Risk <70 <100 >OR = 70 >OR = 100
Moderate Risk <100 <130 >OR = 100 >OR = 130
Low Risk <100 <130 >OR = 130* >OR = 160
References : Management of Dyslipidaemia for the Prevention of Stroke : Clinical practice Recommendations from the Lipid Association of
India. Current Vascular Pharmacology,2022,20,134-155.
Page 10 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:35 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Iron Studies
Interpretation:
Increased levels due to iron ingestion or ineffective erythropoiesis.Decreased levels due to infection, inflammation, malignancy, menstruation and
Fe deficiency.Needs to be taken into consideration with TIBC. Transferrin Saturation:- Low level Transferrin Saturation can indicate iron
deficiency, erythropoiesis, infection, or inflammation. High level Transferrin Saturation can indicate recent ingestion of dietary iron,ineffective
erythropoiesis,haemochromatosis or liver disease.High TIBC, UIBC, or transferrin usually indicates iron deficiency, but they are also increased in
pregnancy and with the use of oral contraceptives. Low TIBC, UIBC, or transferrin may occur if someone has:Hemochromatosis, Certain types of
anemia due to accumulated iron,Malnutrition,kidney disease that causes a loss of protein in urine.
Page 11 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:20 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Interpretation:
Low Values are a sign of a vitamin B12 deficiency. People with this deficiency are likely to have or develop symptoms.
Causes of vitamin B12 deficiency include:Not enough vitamin B12 in diet (rare except with a strict vegetarian diet), Diseases that cause
malabsorption (for example, celiac disease and Crohn's disease), Lack of intrinsic factor, Above normal heat production (for example, with
hyperthyroidism), Pregnancy. Increased vitamin B12 levels are uncommon. Usually excess vitamin B12 is removed in the urine. Conditions that can
increase B12 levels include: Liver disease (such as cirrhosis or hepatitis), Myeloproliferative disorders (for example, polycythemia vera and chronic
myelocytic leukemia).
Vitamin B12: Low Levels can cause malabsorption, Lack of intrinsic factor, Above normal heat production (for example, with hyperthyroidism),
Pregnancy.High Level Liver disease, Myeloproliferative disorders (for example, polycythemia vera and chronic myelocytic leukemia).
1. Out of 140 healthy indian population, 91% of Vitamin B 12 concentrations was at lower level: 59.00 pg/ml and upper level: 700.00 pg/ml
"Patients on Biotin supplement may have interference in some immunoassays. Ref: Arch Pathol Lab Med—Vol 141, November 2017. With
individuals taking high dose Biotin (more than 5 mg per day) supplements, at least 8-hour wait time before blood draw is recommended."
Page 12 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:20 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Vitamin D 25 Hydroxy
Page 13 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:20 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Interpretation:
Pregnancy Reference ranges TSH
1st Trimester 0.1 - 2.5
2nd Trimester 0.2 - 3.0
3rd Trimester 0.3 - 3.0
Note:
TSH levels are subject to circadian variation, reaching peak levels between 2-4 am. and at a minimum between 6-10 pm. The variation is
of 50 %, hence time of the day has influence on the measured serum TSH concentrations.
Clinical Use:
- Diagnose Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism
- Monitor T4 replacement or T4 suppressive therapy
- Qunatify TSH levels in the subnormal range
Increased Levels : Primary hypothyroidism, Subclinical hypothyroidis, TSH dependent Hyperthyroidism, Thyroid hormone resistance
Decreased Levels: Grace disease, Autonomous thyroid hormone secretion, TSH deficiency
Primary malfunction of the thyroid gland may result in excessive (hyper) or below normal (hypo) release of T3 or T4. In addition as TSH
directly affects thyroid function, malfunction of the pituitary or the hypo - thalamus influences the thyroid gland activity. Disease in any
portion of the thyroid-pitutary-hypothala- mus system may influence the levels of T3 and T4 in the blood. In primary hypothyroidism,
TSH levels are significantly elevated, while in secondary and tertiary hypothyroidism, TSH levels may be low. In addition, in the
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome, multiple alterations in serum thyroid function test findings have been recognized in patients with a wide
variety of non-thyroidal illnesses (NTI) without evidence of preexisting thyroid or hypothalami c-pitutary diseases. Thyroid Binding
Globulin (TBG) concentrations remain relatively constant in healthy individuals. However, pregnancy, excess estrogen's, androgen's,
antibiotic steroids and glucocorticoids are known to alter TBG levels and may cause false thyroid values for Total T3 and T4 tests.
TSH T4 T3 INTERPRETATION
High Normal Normal Mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism
Low or
High Low Hypothyroidism
Normal
Low Normal Normal Mild (subclinical) hyperthyroidism
High or High or
Low Hyperthyroidism
normal normal
Low or Low or
Low Nonthyroidal illness; pituitary (secondary) hypothyroidism
normal normal
Page 14 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : ZF348323
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 07:20 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Page 15 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : YB434220
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Spot Urine
....
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 06:14 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Physical Examination
Volume 20 ml -
Visual
Colour Pale yellow - Pale yellow
Visual
Transparency Clear - Clear
Visual
Deposit Absent - Absent
Visual
Chemical Examination
Reaction (pH) 5.0 - 4.5 - 8.0
Double Indicator
Specific Gravity 1.020 - 1.000 - 1.030
Ion Exchange
Urine Glucose (sugar) Negative - Negative
Oxidase / Peroxidase
Urine Protein (Albumin) Negative - Negative
Acid / Base Colour Excahnge
Urine Ketones (Acetone) Negative - Negative
Legals Test
Blood Negative - Negative
Peroxidase Hemoglobin
Leucocyte esterase Negative - Negative
Enzymatic reaction (Indoxyl ester)
Bilirubin Urine Negative - Negative
Coupling Reaction
Nitrite Negative - Negative
Griless Test
Urobilinogen Normal - Normal
Ehrlichs Test
Microscopic Examination
Pus Cells (WBCs) 2-4 /hpf 0-5
Wet Mount
Epithelial Cells 4-6 /hpf 0-4
Wet Mount
Red blood Cells Absent /hpf Absent
Wet Mount
Crystals Absent - Absent
Wet Mount
Cast Absent - Absent
Wet Mount
Yeast Cells Absent - Absent
Wet Mount
Page 16 of 17
Patient NAME : Ms Ritu Singh
DOB/Age/Gender : 27 Y/Female Report STATUS : Final Report
Patient ID / UHID : 10458706/RCL9575132 Barcode NO : YB434220
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Spot Urine
Sample Collected : Nov 17, 2024, 10:37 AM Report Date : Nov 17, 2024, 06:14 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Amorphous deposits Absent - Absent
Wet Mount
Bacteria Absent - Absent
Wet Mount
Protozoa Absent - Absent
Wet Mount
Interpretation:
URINALYSIS- Routine urine analysis assists in screening and diagnosis of various metabolic, urological, kidney and liver disorders.
Protein: Elevated proteins can be an early sign of kidney disease. Urinary protein excretion can also be temporarily elevated by strenuous
exercise, orthostatic proteinuria, dehydration, urinary tract infections and acute illness with fever
Glucose: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus can lead to presence of glucose in urine. Other causes include pregnancy, hormonal disturbances,
liver disease and certain medications.
Ketones: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus can lead to presence of ketones in urine. Ketones can also be seen in starvation, frequent vomiting,
pregnancy and strenuous exercise.
Blood: Occult blood can occur in urine as intact erythrocytes or haemoglobin, which can occur in various urological, nephrological and bleeding
disorders.
Leukocytes: An increase in leukocytes is an indication of inflammation in urinary tract or kidneys. Most common cause is bacterial urinary tract
infection.
Nitrite: Many bacteria give positive results when their number is high. Nitrite concentration during infection increases with length of time the
urine specimen is retained in bladder prior to collection.
pH: The kidneys play an important role in maintaining acid base balance of the body. Conditions of the body producing acidosis/ alkalosis or
ingestion of certain type of food can affect the pH of urine.
Specific gravity: Specific gravity gives an indication of how concentrated the urine is. Increased specific gravity is seen in conditions like
dehydration, glycosuria and proteinuria while decreased specific gravity is seen in excessive fluid intake, renal failure and diabetes insipidus.
Bilirubin: In certain liver diseases such as biliary obstruction or hepatitis, bilirubin gets excreted in urine.
Urobilinogen: Positive results are seen in liver diseases like hepatitis and cirrhosis and in cases of haemolytic anaemia.
Page 17 of 17
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