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    Oop Answebook

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    opl808090
    OOP_ANSWEBOOK OOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOK

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    Oop Answebook

    Uploaded by

    opl808090
    9 views4 pages
    OOP_ANSWEBOOK OOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOK

    Original Title

    OOP_ANSWEBOOK

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    OOP_ANSWEBOOK OOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOK

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views4 pages

    Oop Answebook

    Uploaded by

    opl808090
    OOP_ANSWEBOOK OOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOKOOP_ANSWEBOOK

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 4

    Object-Oriented Programming Concepts

    1. Types of Constructor
    Constructors are special member functions used to initialize objects of a class. There are
    three main types:

    a) Default Constructor
    A default constructor is a constructor with no parameters, used to initialize default values.

    Example:
    class MyClass:
    def __init__(self):
    self.value = 0

    obj = MyClass()
    print(obj.value) # Output: 0

    b) Parameterized Constructor
    A parameterized constructor accepts arguments to initialize class members with specific
    values.

    Example:
    class MyClass:
    def __init__(self, value):
    self.value = value

    obj = MyClass(10)
    print(obj.value) # Output: 10

    c) Copy Constructor
    A copy constructor initializes an object using another object of the same class.

    Example:
    class MyClass:
    def __init__(self, value):
    self.value = value
    def copy_constructor(self, obj):
    self.value = obj.value

    obj1 = MyClass(10)
    obj2 = MyClass(0)
    obj2.copy_constructor(obj1)
    print(obj2.value) # Output: 10

    2. Inheritance
    Inheritance allows a class (derived class) to acquire properties and methods of another
    class (base class).

    Types of inheritance:
    1. Single Inheritance
    2. Multi-level Inheritance

    a) Single Inheritance
    Example:
    class Parent:
    def display(self):
    print("This is the parent class.")

    class Child(Parent):
    pass

    obj = Child()
    obj.display()

    b) Multi-level Inheritance
    Example:
    class Grandparent:
    def display_grandparent(self):
    print("This is the grandparent class.")

    class Parent(Grandparent):
    def display_parent(self):
    print("This is the parent class.")

    class Child(Parent):
    pass
    obj = Child()
    obj.display_grandparent()
    obj.display_parent()

    3. Polymorphism
    Polymorphism allows methods in different classes to have the same name but behave
    differently.

    Types:
    1. Compile-time Polymorphism (Method Overloading)
    2. Runtime Polymorphism (Method Overriding)

    Difference Between Compile-time and Runtime Polymorphism


    | Feature | Compile-time Polymorphism | Runtime Polymorphism |
    |---------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------|
    | Binding | Early binding (at compile time) | Late binding (at runtime) |
    | Method Overriding | Not supported | Supported |
    | Example | Method Overloading | Virtual Functions/Overriding |

    4. Operator Overloading
    Example of Overloading a Binary Operator (+):
    class Complex:
    def __init__(self, real, imag):
    self.real = real
    self.imag = imag

    def __add__(self, other):


    return Complex(self.real + other.real, self.imag + other.imag)

    c1 = Complex(1, 2)
    c2 = Complex(3, 4)
    c3 = c1 + c2
    print(f"Result: {c3.real} + {c3.imag}i")

    5. Virtual Function
    Virtual functions are member functions in the base class that can be overridden in derived
    classes.
    The call to a virtual function is resolved at runtime.

    Example:
    class Base:
    def display(self):
    print("Base class")

    class Derived(Base):
    def display(self):
    print("Derived class")

    obj = Derived()
    obj.display() # Output: Derived class

    6. Function Overloading
    Function overloading allows multiple functions with the same name but different
    parameters.

    Example (using default arguments in Python):


    class MyClass:
    def display(self, value=None):
    if value is not None:
    print(f"Value: {value}")
    else:
    print("No value provided")

    obj = MyClass()
    obj.display() # Output: No value provided
    obj.display(10) # Output: Value: 10

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