UNIT 7 7.3.

The Most Special Day on Earth

IX. READING

‘Mother’s Day’
The modern-day origins of Mother’s Day can be attributed to two women – Julia Ward Howe and Anna Jarvis,
who were important in establishing the tradition in the United States. Around 1870, Julia Ward Howe
proposed Mother’s Day to be celebrated each year.

Ever since, Mother’s Day is a day for many people to show their appreciation towards mothers and mother
figures worldwide. It is an annual event, but it is held at different dates in the calendar, depending on the
country, where it is celebrated.

It is held on the second Sunday of May in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and the United States. In
other countries, it is celebrated on different dates such as in Costa Rica, on 15th August, Georgia, on 3rd March
and Thailand, on 12th August.

Mother's Day 2020 was celebrated on 10 May in 47 countries, on 31st May in 5 countries, on 3rd May in 4
countries, on 8th March in 3 countries and on 9th February in Norway.

a. Read the text and answer the questions.

1. Who proposed Mother’s Day to be celebrated annually?

2. When is Mother’s Day celebrated in Canada?
3. How many countries celebrate Mother’s Day on 8 th March?
4. When does Norway celebrate Mother’s Day?

X. GRAMMAR: Ordinal Numbers/Months/Dates

A Cardinal Number is a number that says how many of something there are, such as one, two, three, four, five.
An Ordinal Number is a number that tells the position of something in a list, such as 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5th, etc.
Most ordinal numbers end in "th" except for:

one ⇒ first (1st) two ⇒ second (2nd) three ⇒ third (3rd)

Cardinal Ordinal Cardinal

1 One 1st First 11 Eleven 11th Eleventh

2 Two 2nd Second 12 Twelve 12th Twelfth
3 Three 3rd Third 13 Thirteen 13th Thirteenth
4 Four 4th Fourth 20 Twenty 20th Twentieth
5 Five 5th Fifth 21 Twenty one 21st Twenty-first
6 Six 6th Sixth 30 Thirty 30th Thirtieth
7 Seven 7th Seventh 40 Forty 40th Fortieth
8 Eight 8th Eighth 100 One hundred 100th Hundredth
9 Nine 9th Ninth … …
10 Ten 10th Tenth 1000 One Thousand 1000th Thousandth

a. Choose the correct words in İtalics.

1. Mary’s birthday is on the first/one of December.

2. My new flat has third/three bathrooms.
3. In Turkey, Mother’s Day is celebrated in the two/second week of May.
4. I had four/ fourth trips this month.
5. It’s our nine/ninth anniversary this year.

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Months
A year is divided into 12 months in the modern-day Gregorian calendar. Each month has either 28, 30, or 31
days during a common year, which has 365 days. During leap years, which occur nearly every 4 years, we add
an extra (intercalary) day, Leap Day, on 29th February, making leap years 366 days long.

1- January - 31 days 7- July - 31 days

2- February - 28 days (29 days in leap years) 8- August - 31
3- March - 31 days 9- September - 30 days
4- April - 30 days 10- October - 31 days
5- May - 31 days 11- November - 30 days
6- June - 30 days 12- December – 31 days

a. Find the names of the four months in the text ‘Mother’s Day’

1. ___________ 2. __________ 3.__________ 4. __________

Dates

 If you want to ask what the date is, you can say:
What’s the date today? / What’s today’s date? / What’s the date tomorrow? / What’s tomorrow’s date?
 You can answer by saying:
It’s 27 th September. / Today is 27 th September. / Tomorrow is September 28 th.
 When we say dates in English we use ordinal numbers. So for 1 January, we don’t say the cardinal number
‘one’ but we say ‘first’. And we say the before the number followed by of.
For example: It’s the first of January.
 It’s also possible to invert the month and day.
For example: It’s January first. In this case, you don’t need to say the and of!

a. Write the following dates using the and of.

1. 3rd April 4. 21st December

2. 26th March 5. 1st July
3. 13th August 6. 2nd October
XI. GRAMMAR: Possessive Pronouns

Subject Object Possessive adjective Possessive pronoun

I me my mine
you you your yours
he him his his
she her her hers
it it its its
we us our ours
they them their theirs

 Possessive pronouns do not have an apostrophe:

Is that car yours/ hers/ ours/ theirs?
( NOT Is that car your's/ her's/ our's/ their's? )

 We can use a possessive pronoun instead of a full noun phrase to avoid repeating words:
A: Is that John's car? B: No, it's mine. (NOT No, it's [my car].)
A: Whose coat is this? B: Is it yours? (NOT Is it [your coat]?)
A: Her coat is grey. B: Mine is brown. (NOT [My coat] is brown.)

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a. Rewrite the following sentences. Use a possessive pronoun (and a verb if necessary) to replace the
phrases in italics.

Ex. Those are my pencils. Those are mine.

Ex. This umbrella belongs to Jasmine. This umbrella is hers.

1. Excuse me, is this your car?

2. Does this belong to your mother?
3. Are these drinks for us?
4. The house opposite the bank belongs to me.
5. That isn’t Jim’s cell phone, it’s Sandra’s.
6. Don’t touch that computer, it doesn’t belong to you.
7. They weren’t our cats. They are Cathy and Adam’s.
8. Is this Jill’s number?

XII. VOCABULARY: How to ask about appearance and personality.

Appearance: Personality:

1. What does he/she look like? 1. What is he/she like?

2. How does he/she look?
3. What colour is his/her skin/hair?
4. Does he/she have long or short hair?
5. Is he/she thin?
6. What colour are his/her eyes?

a. SPEAKING: (Pair work)

Think at least about two people you know. Then let your partner ask you about their appearance and
personality and answer your partner’s questions. Then do it vice versa.
Ex. Student A: What colour is her skin? Student B: It is fair.
What is she like? She is very friendly, but shy.

XIII. WRITING: How to write Cards and Notes

1. a. Do you have the habit of sending cards for special occasions?

What kind of messages do you write inside those cards?

b. Below are some cards (A-F). Match the cards with the related occasions (1-8).

A B C D E F

1- Your best friend has got a baby boy. ______

2- Your cousin had an accident and stays in a hospital. ______
3- You want to thank your mother for raising you. ______
4- You stayed for a month at your friend’s summer house. ______
5- One of your colleagues has retired recently. ______
6- It’s your friend’s fiftieth birthday tomorrow. ______
7- Your friend’s engagement party is at the weekend. ______
8- You got a very special gift from your fiancé. ______

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2. Read the messages (a-h) below and match them with the occasions in exercise 1b.

a. I’m so sorry that you had that accident. I hope you get well soon. ______
b. Thank you sweetie for this wonderful present. I love you so much. ______
c. I’m wishing you all the joy that the arrival of your baby boy brings to your world. ______
d. Congrats on your half century and all the best for many years together. ______
e. I’m beautiful, smart and creative. So you did a good job! Happy Mother’s Day!!! ______
f. I’m wishing you both a lifetime of love and happiness. ______
g. Enjoy your freedom and unlimited weekends. Congrats on your retirement. ______
h. I just wanted to express my heartfelt gratitude and say: THANK YOU!!! ______

XIV. PUNCTUATION – DASHES/EXCLAMATION MARKS

 A DASH: In informal writing, dashes may replace commas, semicolons, colons, brackets and
parentheses to indicate added emphasis, an interruption, or an abrupt change of thought.
Ex. You are the friend—the only friend—who offered to help me.
 Do not confuse a dash (—) with a hyphen (-), which is shorter.
 Use a dash to show a pause or break in meaning in the middle of a sentence:
Ex. My brothers—Richard and John—are visiting Hanoi. (could use commas instead)
Ex. In the 15th century—when of course nobody had electricity—water was often pumped by
hand. (could use brackets instead)
 Use a dash to show an afterthought:
Ex. The 1st World War was supposed to be the world's last war—the war to end war.
Ex. I attached the photo to my email—at least I hope I did!
 Use a dash like a colon to introduce a list:
Ex. There are three places I'll never forget—Paris, Bangkok and Hanoi.
Ex. Don't forget to buy some food—eggs, bread, tuna and cheese.
 Use a dash to show that letters or words are missing:
Ex. They are really f––––d up. (Typically used for offensive words.)
Ex. I will look ––––– the children. (Typically used in "missing word" questions.)

 An Exclamation Mark: usually shows strong feeling, such as surprise, anger or joy. Using an
exclamation mark when writing is rather like shouting or raising your voice when speaking.
Exclamation marks are most commonly used in writing quoted speech. You should avoid using
exclamation marks in formal writing, unless absolutely necessary.
 Use an exclamation mark to indicate strong feelings or a raised voice in speech:
Ex. She shouted at him, "Go away! I hate you!"
Ex. He exclaimed: "What a fantastic house you have!"
Ex. "Good heavens!" he said, "Is that true?"
Ex. "Help!" / "Shut up! / "Stop!"
 Many interjections need an exclamation mark: Ex. "Hi! What's new?"
Ex. "Oh! When are you going?"
Ex. "Ouch! That hurt."
 A non-question sentence beginning with "what" or "how", is often an exclamation and requires an
exclamation mark: Ex. What idiots we are! (We are such idiots.)
Ex. How pretty she looked in that dress! (She looked very pretty in that dress.)
 In very informal writing (personal letter or email), people sometimes use two or more
exclamation marks together: Ex. I met John yesterday. He is so handsome!!!
Ex. Remember, don't be late!!
Ex. I'll never understand this language!!!!

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 a. Decide where to put the dash in the sentences.

1. Laura had a great holiday in Fiji she really liked the beaches.
2. Mandy a doctor works at the Royal London Hospital.
3. My boss who’s never late didn’t turn up until midday yesterday.
4. There are a few things I can never remember numbers, names, and something else.

b. Choose the correct underlined punctuation mark.

1. How awful, you poor thing !/.

2. I didn’t sleep a wink last night ./! All I could hear was the tick! tock !/- of the clock.
3. You’re here already!/. I thought you were coming tomorrow.
4. Connor –/! Amy's boyfriend ! /– bought the tickets.

XV. WRITING: Cards and inside messages

a. You have four occasions: 1) Your daughter is taking an important exam.

2) It is your grandfather’s eighties birthday.
3) Your best friend’s wedding is on Saturday.
4) Your sister had a surgery.

b. You want to send card to these four people. Choose a card from exercise 1.b (A-F) suitable for
each situation.
c. Think about a message to write inside each card. You may look at exercise 2 for ideas.
d. Now write the suitable messages for each occasion.

7.UNIT REVIEW and PRACTICE

1. Complete the gaps with a/an or the

Hello Amanda
Istanbul is a wonderful city. I moved into (1) ________ new flat two days ago. It’s (2)________ flat I
mentioned in my email last week. It’s not very spacious but it has (3)__________ big balcony with (4)
_________ great view. I can sit on (5) ___________ balcony in the morning and the evening and have
(5) _________ cup of coffee or tea. There is one bedroom, one bathroom and (6) _________ small
kitchen. (7) _________ kitchen is an open one. It is a part of (8) _____________ living room. It’s just
perfect for me.

2. Use a word from Box A and a word from Box B to complete the sentences below.

Box A [ lean - go - finish - set - dress - tidy ]

Box B [ off - up – off – up – up – over ]

1. Please ____________ your homework. It’s time to sleep.

2. _____________ your room please. It’s a mess.
3. I’m late for work. I have to ____________ now.
4. My alarm clock ____________ every morning at 8:00 a.m. .
5. Give me some time to _____________ properly for dinner.
6. Can you please _____________ and give me the remote.

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3. Match the adjectives with their opposites.
1. exciting a. unfriendly
2. pretty b. horrible
3. friendly c. ugly
4. handsome d. boring
5. interesting e. ordinary
6. nice f. not good-looking

4. Complete the sentences with ordinal numbers. The following numbers are clues: 6/12/8/23/1/2
1. December is the ___________ month of the year.
2. New Year is on the ___________ of January.
3. Children go to school after their ____________ birthday.
4. The series ‘Game of Thrones’ ended with the _____________ season.
5. William Shakespeare died on the ____________ of April in 1616.
6. Everybody deserves a _______________ chance!

5. Choose the correct words in italics.

1. Are those her/hers shoes?
2. These holiday photos belong to our/us.
3. They didn’t finish their/they drinks.
4. Don’t use that tablet, it’s not your/yours.
5. That red car over there is mine/my car.
6. Can I use hers/her designer bag tonight?
7. They/Their problem is not mine/my.

6. Choose the correct words in italics.

1. I like reading historical novels more than romantic one/ones.
2. He doesn’t want to wear blue shirt. He prefers wearing white ones/one.
3. My parents like the black and white films. Which one/ones do yours like?
4. A: Which bag would you like to have? B: The expensive ones/one.
5. The big one/ones are Mike’s shoes.
6. They prefer a small tablet to a big ones/one.

7. Below are the descriptions of four Turkish celebrities, but two of the descriptions do not match the
photos. Find the matching ones.

A B C D

1. This person is pretty with hazel eyes and short wavy hair. _____
2. This celebrity has dark blond hair and blue eyes and is handsome. _____
3. This person is beautiful and very tall and fit and has got light brown eyes. _____
4. This person is bald and has got green eyes and dark skin. _____
5. This celebrity has shoulder length curly red hair and dark brown eyes. _____
6. This celebrity is good-looking and tall and has got a moustache. _____

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UNIT 7 - ANSWER KEY
IX. READING

a. Read the text and answer the questions.

1. Who proposed Mother’s Day to be celebrated annually? Julia Ward Howe did.
2. When is Mother’s Day celebrated in Canada? On the second Sunday of May.
3. How many countries celebrate Mother’s Day on 8th March? Three countries do.
4. When does Norway celebrate Mother’s Day? On the 9th February.

X. GRAMMAR: Ordinal Numbers

a. Choose the correct words in İtalics.

1. Mary’s birthday is on the first/one of December.
2. My new flat has third/three bathrooms.
3. In Turkey, Mother’s Day is celebrated in the two/second week of May.
4. I had four/ fourth trips this month.
5. It’s our nine/ninth anniversary this year.

Months

a. Find the names of the four months in the text ‘Mother’s Day’
1. MAY 2. AUGUST 3. MARCH 4. FEBRUARY

Dates

a. Write the following dates using the and of.

1. 3rd April the third of April 4. 21st December the twenty-first of December
2. 26th March the twenty-sixth of March 5. 1st July the first of July
3. 13th August the thirteenth of August 6. 2nd October the second of October

XI. Possessive Pronouns

a. Rewrite the following sentences. Use a possessive pronoun (and a verb if necessary) to replace the
phrases in italics.

1. Excuse me, is this your car? Excuse me, is this yours?

2. Does this belong to your mother? Is this hers?
3. Are these drinks for us? Are these drinks ours?
4. The house opposite the bank belongs to me. The house opposite the bank is mine.
5. That isn’t Jim’s cell phone, it’s Sandra’s. …, it’s hers.
6. Don’t touch that computer, it doesn’t belong to you. …., it isn’t yours.
7. They weren’t our cats. They are Cathy and Adam’s. They are theirs.
8. Is this Jill’s number? Is this hers?

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 XIII. WRITING

b. Below are some cards (A-F). Match the cards with the related occasions (1-8).

A B C D E F

1- Your best friend has got a baby boy. ___B___

2- Your cousin had an accident and stays in a hospital. ___A___
3- You want to thank your mother for raising you. ___C___
4- You stayed for a month at your friend’s summer house. ___E___
5- One of your colleagues has retired recently. ___F__
6- It’s your friend’s fiftieth birthday tomorrow. ___D___
7- Your friend’s engagement party is at the weekend. ___F___
8- You got a very special gift from your fiancé. __ E____

2. Read the messages (a-h) below and match them with the occasions in exercise 1b.

a. I’m so sorry that you had that accident. I hope you get well soon. ___2___
b. Thank you sweetie for this wonderful present. I love you so much. ___8___
c. I’m wishing you all the joy that the arrival of your baby boy brings to your world. ___1__
d. Congrats on your half century and all the best for many years together. ___6___
e. I’m beautiful, smart and creative. So you did a good job! Happy Mother’s Day!!! ___3___
f. I’m wishing you both a lifetime of love and happiness. ___7___
g. Enjoy your freedom and unlimited weekends. Congrats on your retirement. ___5___
h. I just wanted to express my heartfelt gratitude and say: THANK YOU!!! ___4___

XIV. PUNCTUATION – DASHES/EXCLAMATION MARKS

a. Decide where to put the dash in the sentences.

1. Laura had a great holiday in Fiji – she really liked the beaches.
2. Mandy – a doctor – works at the Royal London Hospital.
3. My boss – who’s never late – didn’t turn up until midday yesterday.
4. There are a few things I can never remember – numbers, names, and something else.

b. Choose the correct underlined punctuation mark.

1. How awful, you poor thing!

2. I didn’t sleep a wink last night. All I could hear was the tick! tock! of the clock.
3. You’re here already! I thought you were coming tomorrow.
4. Connor – Amy's boyfriend – bought the tickets.

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7 REVIEW and PRACTICE

1. Complete the gaps with a/an or the

Hello Amanda
Istanbul is a wonderful city. I moved into (1) ___a__ new flat two days ago. It’s (2)___the__ flat I
mentioned in my email last week. It’s not very spacious but it has (3)___a__ big balcony with (4) _a_
great view. I can sit on (5) _the_ balcony in the morning and the evening and have (5) _a_ cup of
coffee or tea. There is one bedroom, one bathroom and (6) ____a_____ small kitchen. (7) __The_
kitchen is an open one. It is a part of (8) _the__ living room. It’s just perfect for me.

2. Use a word from Box A and a word from Box B to complete the sentences below.

Box A [ lean - go - finish - set - dress - tidy ]

Box B [ off - up – off – up – up – over ]

1. Please __finish up__ your homework. It’s time to sleep.

2. __Tidy up____ your room please. It’s a mess.
3. I’m late for work. I have to ____set off________ now.
4. My alarm clock ____goes off___ every morning at 8:00 a.m. .
5. Give me some time to ___dress up__ properly for dinner.
6. Can you please ___lean over__________ and give me the remote.

3. Match the adjectives with their opposites.

1. exciting D a. unfriendly
2. pretty C b. horrible
3. friendly A c. ugly
4. handsome F d. boring
5. interesting D e. ordinary
6. nice B f. not good-looking

4. Complete the sentences with ordinal numbers. The following numbers are clues: 6/12/8/23/1/2

1. December is the __twelfth_________ month of the year.

2. New Year is on the ____first_______ of January.
3. Children go to school after their ____sixth________ birthday.
4. The series ‘Game of Thrones’ ended with the _____eighth________ season.
5. William Shakespeare died on the ____twenty-third________ of April in 1616.
6. Everybody deserves a _____second____ chance!

5. Choose the correct words in italics.

1. Are those her/hers shoes?

2. These holiday photos belong to our/us.
3. They didn’t finish their/they drinks.
4. Don’t use that tablet, it’s not your/yours.
5. That red car over there is mine/my car.
6. Can I use hers/her designer bag tonight?
7. They/Their problem is not mine/my.

6. Choose the correct words in italics.

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 1. I like reading historical novels more than romantic one/ones.
2. He doesn’t want to wear blue shirt. He prefers wearing white ones/one.
3. My parents like the black and white films. Which one/ones do yours like?
4. A: Which bag would you like to have? B: The expensive ones/one.
5. The big one/ones are Mike’s shoes.
6. They prefer a small tablet to a big ones/one.

7. Below are the descriptions of four Turkish celebrities, but two of the descriptions do not match the
photos. Find the matching ones.

A B C D

1. This person is pretty with hazel eyes and short wavy hair. A

2. This celebrity has dark blond hair and blue eyes and is handsome. C

3. This person is beautiful and very tall and fit and has got light brown eyes. B

4. This person is bald and has got green eyes and dark skin. --------

5. This celebrity has shoulder length curly red hair and dark brown eyes. ----------

6. This celebrity is good-looking and tall and has got a moustache. D

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