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    XII Physics Investigatory project To study the factor on which the self-inductance of a coil depends

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    shoumiklaha

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    XII Physics Investigatory project To study the factor on which the self-inductance of a coil depends

    Uploaded by

    shoumiklaha
    4 views12 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    4 views12 pages

    XII Physics Investigatory project To study the factor on which the self-inductance of a coil depends

    Uploaded by

    shoumiklaha

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Physics

    Investigatory
    Project

    Name:

    Class: XII

    Roll No:
    AIM: -
    To study the factor on which the self-
    inductance of a coil depends by observing the
    effect of this coil, when put in series with a
    resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up by an A.C.

    source of adjustable frequency.

    APPARATUS: -
    A coil of large turns, A.C source of adjustable
    frequency, an electrical bulb, (6V) A.C
    ammeter of suitable range rheostat, a soft
    iron rod, one way key, connecting wires etc.
    THEORY: -
    Self-inductance is the property of a coil which
    opposes the change in current through it. The
    self-inductance of a coil (long solenoid) is:

    L = µ0.µ𝑟.𝑁2𝐴
    L

    where µ𝑟 = Relative magnetic permeability of

    µ𝑟 µ
    magnetic material,

    µ0
    N = Total number of turns in solenoid

    A = Area of cross-section of solenoid

    l= length of solenoid.

    Hence, the self-inductance depends upon:

    1. No. of turns (N), L α N²

    𝒍
    2. Geometry of coil, L α A, L α 1

    3. Nature of core material, L α µ

    When an inductor is connected in series with


    a resistor (bulb) with a variable source of
    frequency, then current flowing in the bulb is

    𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 𝐸𝑟𝑚𝑠
    z
    Where Z = √𝑅2 + 𝜔2𝐿2 = Impedance of the
    a.c. circuit. Here

    R = Resistance of the bulb

    L = Self inductance of coil

    𝜔 = 2πf = Angular frequency of a.c. source.


    The brightness of bulb i.e., Heat generated in
    the bulb is

    H = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠2 Zt

    = 𝐻 2Z
    = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
    P

    P = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠2 √𝑅2 + 𝜔2𝐿2


    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

    PROCEDURE:-
    1. Make all connections as shown in the
    circuit diagram.

    2. Switch on the a.c. supply & adjust the


    current in the circuit by using the variable
    resistor ( 𝑅ℎ ).
    3. Record the current in a.c. ammeter & see
    the brightness of bulb.

    4. Now, put the soft iron rod inside the


    conductor core & record the current in a.c.
    ammeter & again check the brightness of
    bulb. The current & brightness both
    decreases.

    5. Now, switch off the supply & decrease the


    frequency of a.c. source (say 50 Hz).

    6. Again switch on the supply & adjust the


    current in circuit at same constant voltage
    6V by using the rheostat. Note the current
    in ammeter & brightness of bulb. The
    current & brightness both will increase.

    7. Again insert the iron rod in the core of coil


    & note the current & brightness. The current
    & brightness both decreases.

    8. Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different


    frequency of a.c. source.

    OBSERVATIONS:-
    1. Least count of ammeter = 0.05 A.

    2. Zero error of ammeter = 0 A.

    3. Range of ammeter = 0 – 5 A.

    S.NO Frequency Current in Current in


    ammeter ammeter
    of applied
    without iron with iron rod
    voltage rod in coil (A) in coil (A)
    (Hz)
    1. 60 2 1.8
    2. 50 2.5 2.3
    3. 40 2.9 2.6
    4. 30 3.4 3.25
    5. 20 4.1 4

    RESULT:-
    1. The current in the circuit decrease on
    inserting the iron rod in the core of coil at
    constant frequency of applied voltage &
    brightness of bulb decreases & vice-versa.

    2. The current in the circuit increases on


    decreasing the frequency of applied voltage &
    vice-versa. Therefore, the brightness of bulb
    increases.
    PRECAUTIONS:-
    1. The coil should have large number of
    turns.

    2. Current should be passed for a small time


    to avoid the heating effect.

    SOURCES OF ERRORS:-
    1. The resistance of circuit may increase
    slightly due to heating effect of current.

    2. There may be eddy current in soft iron


    coil.
    INDEX
    S.NO CONTENTS
    1. AIM

    2. APPARATUS

    3. THEORY & CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

    4. PROCEDURE

    5. OBSERVATION

    6. RESULT

    7. PRECAUTIONS

    8. SOURCES OF ERRORS

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