The Lost Delphic Inscription with the Commandments of the Seven and P. Univ. Athen 2782 Author(s): A. N.

Oikonomides Reviewed work(s): Source: Zeitschrift fr Papyrologie und Epigraphik, Bd. 37 (1980), pp. 179-183 Published by: Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn (Germany) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20185842 . Accessed: 25/01/2012 21:09
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179

THE LOST DELPHIC INSCRIPTION WITH THE COMMANDMENTS THE SEVEN AND P. UNIV. ATHEN 2782 OF
In 1901, F.W. Hasluck had of found published on a stone (near Hense and or In a of "curious the 3rd Asia collection cent. Minor).1) the B.C. of apho

risms"whichhe at the site

excavated Six years

Miletopolis 0.

Cyzicus, H. Diels

later, with Joh. was the

independently Delphic III on at the the epigram The

identified

aphorisms in

commandments 125-128 base site W.-H.2) of a stele

EWaLao8u 1968, (also

T65V ~TLT&CYOcPcVCrnoDflXaL another related B.C.) It of inscription in consisted Sosiades' philosopher copied
the Museum of

Stob. found

3rd

cent.

the

ex of a

cavation dedicatory

Ai[ and the

Khanum five composed

in

Afghanistan.3) commandments the he

was

last by

~~4) UnOMXdXLL.
Klearchos,5)
1) JHS 27,

epigram, that
the

peripatetic had "carefully

to

mentions
1901, 62f.;

in
inscription

Delphi

the
Brussa

transferred

(Turkey).
2) provided SIG3 1268. 0. Hense, the BPhW edition Hense's 1907, of paper notes Florilegium. the was 765-768. inscription used and L in = by the G. H. Diels, from Mendel, commentary SBAkBerl. Miletopolis BCH 33, 1907, for 1909, H. Diels' (ed. F. 457. W. Diels F. later

Dittenberger's Schultz,

402-404.

"Die
ful. siades

Spruche
In the in

der
following

delphischen

Saule,"

Philologus
Gnomologium K

24,
I

1866,
use

193-226

is
sigla:

still
S Schultz

help
= So in

Stobaei

Laurentianum

Philologus
Anecdota ex A" 3) Bactriane," Grecques, ibidem, in third 4) graphical the and Cf. 425. pronaos Khanum Robert,

24,
Graeca

1866,
I, 141

193 sqq.).
sqq.). (cf. note a In

P = Gnomologium
addition, 3). l'Oxus: Inst. 183-185. city of has Kineas F. not (see Inscriptions Courby: For a yet history are S only 142 two naTZ

Parisiense
for the

(ed.

F. Boissonade
Klearchi

in

stands

Inscriptio

Bactriae L., CRAI "De 1968, 1971, The of phase (see the n.2) literary name the of

Delphes 416-457; No. of heroon the 142-146. 37, the

grecques Nouveau Choix of identified. an of addition this the

nouvelles d'inscriptions stone The building. between LCO8L. K the see base

de

la

Paris

photograph been n.6),

Robert, was to found the

belonging

last S and

architectural There tradition.

differences Av Roxat.o

epi

S 145 rp&opfurT; ep3otuXoq. K4iip&captr&po; S6Xoyo;. five last commandments were inscribed on the base
miscalculated small fragment the which space L. available Robert, on on the the stele. basis of S

1 ---YGvoU.

According since the

stele 47 and is 48,

to L. Robert letter-cutter
lost, restored except as:

the had
for &[6Xo a

The

Y&L navraq]./
5) Aristotle, the lost L. Robert

yLvou] (PLXOoO0(p[oq
successfully of this Soli of Klearchos in

(CRAI 1968,
this From

430).
Klearchos one of the that with the notable preserved commented upon pupil of from the

identified Cyprus. we

fragments he had

works

philosopher,

understand

180

A. N. Oikonomides

wise bring tuary In

commandments them of light as Kineas. of of of one the the of a gift

of

the from

learned where

men "they

of

the

past," dedicated"

in

order to "the

to sanc

were

,6) the the epigram of Klearchos, by finally the the 'Sosiades' solved. used at the by problem of the alleged in the to

authorship manuscripts Photius copied" Thus,

commandments was

mentioned Sosiades,

Stobaeus "the

according had "carefully had of the

philosophers" inscribed became

Stobaeus,7) as

commandments copy used of by Sosiades Stobaeus. gathered

Delphi, ultimate

Klearchos

done.

ancestor

manuscript The

information

from

the

two.

inscriptions

changed

our

Cf. FHG II, on the YVCOL cuux6v. and particularly Commandments", "Delphic Basel 1969. CRAJ 1968, 442-454; also F. Wehrli, Klearchos, L. Robert, 6) This Kineas Khanum. Since his
the 3rd cent. in a heroon the B.C. last was of sometime later the

317;

was the hero-cult

(see quarter built Ai

hero-oikistes was already

it of and the points is the agora logical 4th

of the unidentified well established

to cent. of indeed the assume B.C. city towards and a that

at A-i Greek city of in the beginning

he must at The before the have site died where for

n.4),

buried date

developed.

evidence Alexander's

colonisation

Khanum

Kineas death (323 B.C.). see also L. Koenen, Eine

Konigsfeste, reason salian. of sage, other Thessalians this At paigns. citizens tinguished nes names historical that time For, to he the Greeks" him as one L. Meisenheim Robert pointed

name is a Thessalian Inschrift agonistische

1977, out p.5 that V home time of to his may and of 1 and who sold line our 27,5 from busy return have probably Philip, 4 army. 20a Kineas, we learn Bactra. building One home become not he took and

(L. Robert, CRAI 1968, 432-438; und fruhptolemaische aus Agypten

22a, in all and p.25f.), and was Thessalian in also of for him F 35), a the those new same them of colony. cam fellow of while (XVIII "the dis Demosthe 295). for a this Thes units pas with the In probability, the it is and in oikistes fit his calls 115 won last said that the

From Alexander disbanded

Arrian's army was Greek who did not context, was of at

Anabasis were this units wish Kineas old at the 14, those age time side. sent

that As cities may

Alexander's

colonising colonisation. military one

assume part the longer

already

had

Thessalian

Macedonian (XVIII of

Therefore cf. out

Polybius Theopompos Thessalian

freedom

7) Both
Since and the written had

the
collection

known copiers
once

of
inscribed maxims,

the
one copies of

"Commandment of
at Delphi can directly Phaleron: is a understand from

the
bridge the Delphi.

Seven"
between interest One

were

philosophers.
wisdom philo an oowOv each

oral which may

philosophical in obtaining to

sophers opusculum

clean Demetrius

compare

attributed

Ar,urFpLou

4a)XTrp&CAc0 'Uciv 'kTIra

dRo98gy(piaxa
of Post-Aristotelean

(Joh.

Stob.

III

111-125
to

W.-H.).
attribute

In a way it
what could

represents
be attributed as an

the

efforts
to

philosophers

one
from

of
the

"The Seven,"
survivals of

separating
oral wisdom

thus Greek

their

personal
to "The

contributions
Seven"

to philosophy
undistinguish

attributed

able

group.

See

C.J.

De Vogel,

Philosophy,

vol.

I,

Leiden4

1969,

3.

The

Lost

Delphic

Inscription

181

understanding in the history

of of

the

function literature

which

the and

Delphic philosophy. on were Greek which

Commandments We know "the wise Copies world into in it a number necessary "copied Latin. of

had now that

Greek

a famous ments the as Bad long like the of

inscription the learned were educated and the to

existed men of

at the

Delphi, past" in the were

command from as well 8) changes for men

inscribed. speaking

inscription among copies before Klearchos respected The expansion the

circulated Romans; must 3rd cent. the

they have

translated

misreadings "early

resulted making that they

B.C.," fact

underline text. the the Greek seven

carefully"

original of of the were of

culture wise city in Egypt is men

in as

Hellenistic far as

times Miletopolis in the is

brought in

the Asia

commandments Minor add: and they

unidentified copied

at too.

Ai

Khanum For also below

Afghanistan. papyrus a copy of of

I may the these

University

Athens

which

republished

commandments.9) P. Univ. Athen. 8 x

princeps: Tsoukalas, M.G.

nr. cm

2782 I/II A.D.

TIC'LTLpOL,

Egypt
Editio

12

'AvexbO?OL

(pLXOXOYLXOt

xaxL

t6L=XLXOL

Athens identified of the

1962

(Ph.D. by the

diss.), first

70-80; editor

Photograph

on p.77

(fJINA3 IX). It is kept

The papyrus in the library

was

as a 'school-exercise.' Philology at the University

Seminar

for

Classical 1

of Athens.

TX [PYTEoWIRC1L

V ? -

yEnou

Oe-L.

TO*

d6yaioO Xp6vou ftob:c yovtac

nmeC8oU. seC8ou. 0003U. ac6o8. oU.

v6oUWL rtsC

8) In his introduction the Praecepta dates Diels

TLG VIII 433) "fortasse

of the to the edition ab Apolline in Delphis

ante III p. Chr. saec.

inscription in columna
ex Graeco

H. from Miletopolis scripta (Stephanus,

(SIG3 1268, p.

versa,"

393).
9) For me it is very touching that, as a result of this new identification,

my Alma Mater

becomes

the

owner

of an important

literary

papyrus.

182

A. N. Oikonomide s

6pcL T6

lLXXov.

[hTT&U) 6TI 6 5]LuaCLoU.

3f.

read

4yaGAL

if.: agree saec. title recorded

L. with XV) twv in

Koenen him. lemmatis kTna' the Cf.

is

firm the loco: title

in

reading of the

as work

the in The the

first Cod. name

letter Bruxellensis of

of

line 11360 and of

2,

and (misc.

I Gr.,

U6o00XaL

TCA)V t-ra. in of the

Sosiades

the

current Stobaeus 0. Hense

oo(pcWv critical

uho0o]XaL

appears

main

manuscript by C.

Ioannes and

apparatus

edition

Wachsmuth

(III
titles EnTia lum

125,3)
such aoop&v published

including
as: ra TO)v (in

the

Bruxellensis

11360

in

textu.
(Vaticanus

Other

mss.

use
fol.95); of the aop&v

different
rw"v opuscu (Parisi

tnrTl the lost

oOpqXv naparS)Xq1ara ms. in used Venice for the [1495],

DXCCXI, princeps TWV ETiTv

(V(4LpaL by

editio

Aldus

Manutius

YVO)[LaL

nus 1630
3

1630

[Boissonade,

Anecdota ibidem, 127]).

manuscripts

Graeca

I,

135-141]);

and YV&5OLacL aopv

(Parisinus

[Boissonade,
"Errou -o'ov of w OEh)L:

In

all (read

this

appears For I

as the p.ll6;

the

first common Gignac,

commandment. misspelling Grammar I unless 45, be and spurious. at Ti. least P 40). On of ou

3f. instead This are For

I 6yaLo", or

TCOL &yaLW"L)

n1&Cou: Gramm.

OL see has accept see not it

Mayser-Schmoll, survived as on a line variant 6. The the in the

p.209f. we

commandment willing the to dislocation the Cf.

later &ya0oU%;

manuscript TLsLa may the (S in

tradition, 64, fact L

of

commandment use of

comparing peculiar.

following line 8.

commandments Tsoukalas read:

article vwL

TCOL seems d6a8WL)

vov

4yaOo-5

(read

5:

Exdented.

See

(see

n.2)

38,

92,

109.

6 the

86oiov

a&'Pou: of

The line

later

manuscript not be in

tradition the correct

(S

3,

2,

2)

suggests S

that 3 as

commandment

6 may

position

(accepting

correct).
paring 7 lines

The possibility
3f. with L

of
2 and

dislocated
P 2 (see also

commandments
on lines 8

is
and

also
9).

suggested

by com

yov&a;

at6o"i:

Not

preserved the 2), 'Sosiades' but not

in

and

P.

uses

the is the It is

form

yove&Z. commandment from Bruxel

8 vo'P of the

7i&Wou:

In (S

tradition, so in L 21 and

this P 18.

second missing

collection

lensis

11360.

A. N.Oikonomi

des

183

8pa

so'

kXXov:

In

and

this

is

the

third

commandment

(L

3 and

3).

The

'Sosiades'
10 [fTTS

tradition
bllnO 6L]xaLou:

differs
Restored

(S 39).
according to S 5. This commandment is missing

from L and P. The editio

princeps

had

vtrnp instead

vuno.

Chicago

A.

N.

Oikonomides