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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
iv
ABSTRACT
viii
LIST OF FIGURES
ix
LIST OF TABLES
ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 AIM OF THESIS 2
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 2

2 LITERATURE SURVEY 3

2.1 INTRODUCTION 3

2.2 RELATED WORKS 3

2.3 FEATURES EXTRACTION IN 4


MEDICINE

2.4 IMAGE PROCESSING 6

2.4.1 IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 7

2.5 ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 8

2.6 STRUCTURE OF ANN 9

v
2.6.1 ANN LAYER 9

2.7 SUPERVISED AND UNSUPERVISED 11


LEARNING

2.7.1 SUPERVISED LEARNING RULE 12

2.8 LEARNING PARAMETER FOR BACK 14

2.9 DEEP LEARNING 17

18
2.9.1 RCN NETWORK
2.9.2 TRAINING 22

3 EXISTING SYSTEM 23

3.1 INTRODUCTION 23

3.2 CHEST X-RAYS 24

3.3 CHEST ABNORMALITIES 25

3.3.1 PLEURAL DISEASE 25

3.3.2 PNEUMOTHROX 26

3.3.3 ASBESTOS PLAQUES 27

3.3.4 PLEURAL EFFUSION 27

4 PROPOSED SYSTEM 29

4.1 METHODOLOGY 29

4.2 DATABASE 30

4.3 TRAINING THE DEEP MODELS 32

vi
4.3.1 RCNN1 TRAINING 34

5 RESULT 35

5.1 WEB APPLICATION DESIGN 35

5.2 TESTING PAGE 35

5.3 POSITIVE CASE 36

5.4 NEGATIVE CASE 36

5.5 ACCURACY PLOT 37

6 CONCLUSION 38

6.1 CONCLUSION 38

REFERENCES 39

vii
LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 MEDICAL IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 8

2 ANN’S BASIC STRUCTURE 9

3 ANN’S STRUCTURE SHOWING THREE LAYER 10

4 DEEP NETWORK STRUCTURE 17

5 AUTO-ENCODER STEP 1 19

6 AUTO-ENCODER STEP 2 20

7 SOFTMAX CLASSIFIER 21

8 RCN NETWORKS 21

9 PLEURAL THICKENING 25

10 PNEUMOTHORAX 26

11 ASBESTOS RELATED PLEURAL PLAQUES 27

12 PLEURAL EFFUSION 28

13 FLOW CHART OF PROPOSED METHODOLOGY 30

14 A SAMPLE OF DATABASE IMAGE 31

15 THE DEEP NETWORK MODEL 1 STRUCTURE 34

16 WEB APPLICATION DESIGNED 35

17 WEB FOR TUBERCULOSIS TESTING PAGE 35

18 POSITIVE RESULT FROM CXR IMAGE 36

19 NEGATIVE RESULT FROM CXR IMAGE 36

20 ACCURACY PLOT FOR TUBERCULOSIS 37


PREDICTION

viii
LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 DATASET 1 AND DATA DIVISION 32

2 DATASET 2 AND DATA DIVISION 32

3 TRAINING AND TESTING DATA FROM THE 33


TWO DATABASES

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

RCNN – REGION BASED CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

CAD- COMPUTER AIDED DIAGNOSIS

CXR- CHEST X-RAY

SVM- SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

CNN- CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

OSCE- OBJECTIVE STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION

MSE- MEAN SQUARED ERROR

ANN- ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

ix

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