The Study of Solid Waste Management System of Hazardous and Poisonous Material in Public Health Centers of Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan
The Study of Solid Waste Management System of Hazardous and Poisonous Material in Public Health Centers of Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan
The Study of Solid Waste Management System of Hazardous and Poisonous Material in Public Health Centers of Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan
pISSN: 2309-4796
http://www.innspub.net
Vol. 7, No. 4, p. 1-6, 2018
Adi Rahman*1, Emmy Sri Mahreda2, Arief RM Akbar3, Rusmilyansari2, Andy Mizwar4
1
Program of Management of Natural Resources and Environment, Post Graduate Program,
University of Lambung Mangkurat, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
2
Faculty of Fisheries, University of Lambung Mangkurat, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
3
Technology of Agricultural Industry, University of Lambung Mangkurat, South Kalimantan,
Indonesia
4
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Lambung Mangkurat, South Kalimantan,
Indonesia
Keywords: Management system, Solid waste of hazardous and poisonous material, Public health center
Abstract
Medical waste is infectious and dangerous. This poses a serious threat to environmental health and
requires special management prior to final disposal. The problem was the increasing number of
hospitals, clinics and diagnostic laboratories in Barito Kuala Regency had an effect to the quality and
quantity of waste produced. This study aimed to identify the management system of solid waste
included the type and amount of waste generated by public health centers in Barito Kuala Regency.
The research method used was a field observation method and field data collection through
inventory, formal and informal interview. The results showed that the average amount of solid waste
of hazardous and poisonous material of public health centers in Barito Kuala Regency was 0.040
kg/day. The composition of solid waste of hazardous and poisonous material of public health centers
in Barito Kuala Regency was infectious non-sharps waste (65%), sharp infectious waste (26%),
pharmaceutical poisonous (8%), and infusion bottle (1%). The result of identification is known that
public health centers in Barito Kuala Regency had conducted solid waste of hazardous and poisonous
material management started from sorting, collecting, and transporting. However, at the temporary
storage stage it still did not have a special place for storing of solid waste of hazardous and
poisonous material. While at the stage of destruction/burning it was still less than the maximum and
for infectious waste should be destroyed no later than 2 (two) days.
* Corresponding Author: Adi Rahman mangrove.rambai@gmail.com
1 Rahman et al.
Introduction Medical waste generated by health services is 10-
Environmental problems are closely related to the 25% and the remaining 75-90% is domestic
health world. The existence of interactions in it waste. Although fewer medical wastes are
allows the spread of disease if it is not supported produced than domestic waste, the risk to the
by good environmental condition and sanitary environment is potentially greater if it is not
(Paramita, 2007). Public health center according handled properly. Research conducted at
to (Trihono, 2010) is a technical implementation Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center
unit of regency/municipality health service concluded that 70-80% of infectious waste from
responsible for organizing health development in
hospitals was a noninfectious waste mixed with
a working area. Public health center is one of the
infectious waste due to poor management.
health service units which in its activity produce
medical waste and nonmedical waste either in
Hazardous and toxic wastes of public health
solid or liquid form. Medical waste in the form of
centers are solid wastes comprising infectious
solid at public health center is usually generated
waste, sharps wastes, expired chemical wastes,
from activities that come from the treatment
spills, or packaging residues, pathological waste,
room (for inpatient health centers), general
radioactive waste, pharmaceutical waste,
polyclinics, dental polyclinics, maternal and child
cytotoxic waste, waste with heavy metal content
clinics/MCH, laboratories and pharmacies.
high, and pressurized gas/pressure container
The medical waste management of a public waste. (Permen LHK RI. No. 56 tahun 2015).
health center has a complex problem. These
wastes need to be managed in accordance with Medical solid waste generated by public health
the existing rules so that environmental centers in Barito Kuala Regency, no research has
management must be systematic and been done on the generation, composition and
sustainable. Planning, implementation, and management. So it is necessary to identify the
continuous improvement on public health center management patterns of the resulting medical
management must be carried out consistently. In solid waste. This study aimed to identify the
addition, human resources who understand the management system of solid waste included the
problems and environmental management
type and amount of waste generated by public
become very important to achieve good
health centers in Barito Kuala Regency.
environmental performance (Adisasmito, 2008).
waste) produced by Public health center must be The equipments used during the research were
balanced with good management system of solid portable scales, gloves, masks, tubs/sample
waste generation so it does not pollute the boxes, rulers, cameras and computers.
2 Rahman et al.
The method of calculating the amount of public health center with the average amount of
generation and composition of solid waste of solid waste of hazardous and poisonous material
hazardous and poisonous material of public of 0.041 kg/day and the volume of solid waste of
health center was the whole of the solid waste of hazardous and poisonous material of 1.20
hazardous and poisonous material from the liters/day, Anjir Pasar public health center with
results of the public health center activities taken the average amount of solid waste of hazardous
from the location of public health center, and and poisonous material of 0.038 kg/day and the
then the volume would be measured and volume of solid waste of hazardous and
weighted. The sum of all volumes was calculated poisonous material of 1.13 liters/day and
and obtained the average of the generation and Mandastana public health center with the average
composition of solid waste of hazardous and amount of generation of solid waste of hazardous
poisonous material, in accordance with SNI and poisonous material of 0.040 kg/day and the
(Indonesian National Standard) 19-3964-1994 on volume of solid waste of hazardous and
the method of sampling and measurement of poisonous material of 1.20 liters/day.
samples of solid waste of hazardous and
poisonous material composition of Public health
center by using the following formula.
3 Rahman et al.
The hazardous nature of the health care waste The more the number of patients suffering from
might be due to one or more of the following the illness being treated at a public health center,
characteristics (Pruss, 2005): waste contained the more the use of health facilities. So the
infectious agents, genococyte waste, chemical or volume of solid waste of hazardous and
hazardous waste or, radioactive waste and waste poisonous material generated would increase
contained sharp objects. along with the rate of waste generation produced.
From the description of the officer of medical
waste/cleaning service it could be concluded that
waste generation was influenced by several
factors that was seen from the factors of health
service level of public health center, average
number of patient visit at public health center,
type of disease handled by paramedics, and
number of illness treated in public health center.
were from infusion bottles with the amount of replaced every day when the bins were emptied.
produced was very influenced by the type of processes of medical solid waste. Five Public
usage of health facilities for the illnesses of Health Centers in Barito Kuala Regency did
not have temporary storing place of
patients treated in public health center as well as
hazardous and poisonous material.
immunization activities every once a week.
4 Rahman et al.
The Public Health Centers collected first into a The solid waste of hazardous and poisonous
closed container, if the container was full then material of Public Health Centers in Barito
the solid waste of hazardous and poisonous Kuala Regency was non sharp infectious, sharp
material would be sent to the Public Health infectious, pharmaceutical poisonous and
Center which had an incinerator tool to do the infusion bottle burned with an incinerator at
incineration. While Public Health Centers that temperature of 800 - 1300oC with capacity of
had an incinerator tool stored solid waste of 80 kg with diesel fuel. The burning of solid
hazardous and poisonous material into a closed waste of hazardous and poisonous material of
container made of antipuncture and antileaking Public Health Centers was adjusted to the
material and then put it into the incinerator Public Health Center budget for operational
room. Hapsari, (2010) Further explained in the cost of incinerator. The process of inceneration
transport process by the officer concerning the was highly dependent on the budget funds
carrying bag, that bags with color should be from the Public Health Centers in Barito Kuala
discarded if it contains 2/3 parts. Regency.
4. The destruction /burning process of medical waste of hazardous and poisonous material.
solid waste. At this stage the public health While in the process of destruction/burning it
center did the destruction with insenaration of was still less than the maximum and for
solid waste of hazardous and poisonous material infectious waste it should be destroyed no
Center. While 3 (three) Public Health Centes Sakit, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Centers, did the destruction by sending solid 3964-1994. Tentang Metode Pengambilan Dan
waste of hazardous and poisonous material to Pengukuran Contoh Timbulan Dan Komposisi
5 Rahman et al.
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