CLASS- 12 ’ INDIAN ECONGMIC DeveLotHtT

EMPLoyMeNT: GRowTH, TNfoRMAUSATIONS

0THeR TSs UES

+MeANING Or woRKeR:
yA woken n individual
invohed an
me eLonomic activity
t earn

L Gontißuts GDP ’’ by endering

hendening fidactie
actiustis
labouners, aoctors, bauberset
L Cxamblei- tarmers,
WHo ARe INCLUDEO lw WovkeRS

Main tes
Persons in

Shapkeers,Coller Temboromiy absent

eti actiiiein
Aness shaten
bad weat bpat
testivals socalor
eligios tuneta
 oPULATION
as able Cafae oge to are not
ablo
t wsrt

LABOUR FoRcE

1EMpLoyED
ChoRK FoRCE) UNEMPLoyeD
Those ho ane Those wto ane
acially not woting
but avala r

Labour 6o
ora
L50 lo

Emlog
(Wonk Fora)
2
* LAßoUR FoRCE:
’ Refers to the mo
Emplayed +Unemply
Labaur Fora =
s not elated o

+ LA GovR SuPPLY dabruthat the

Reers t the amaunt o oa patioua
soters ne
nate
that lwDcers wigh to w
y the total hus
at t u rat
, Worker’ Bhes
woter lohrs.

WoRK FoRCE
to the mo.

’ Work Force e kabour Force - Unemblayed

: Labour re- Wokfora

Size la bor fare

Totd puehm
 Jantora fonbaatan Rato:
lnstitte
Lsok fova in an
wWorkers
Sel: Empoyed Hied Workers
Engage in thei au Those usto wsok r others,
Business oT n dervia to others
endar geruie
anel as Q hesard get,
g- Former soting in hi ageysalaries
rin clinic
ety.

Casual
Norkers wtkers
* Daywaseye
NoAindy entlyas
Aeguay basi
feu Enttled t
* Not given ocial
- Moident fund tension' Socal Aearit, bofa
Usuall slied
unsklled wtas
+ State of Enplovnent in India
) During 2011-12, workforce.
India had about a 473 million strong
reside in rural areas,
Since majority of our people
(rural areas) is higher.
Proportion of workforce residing there
workers,
So, out of473 million

3/4th 1/4th

RtFatwekesU rban
Rura!
Wovtos
Wotes
workforce in India.
) Men form the majority of Total workforce

70% (Men) 30% (Women + Child labourers)

whereas in
account for one-third of the rural workforce
3) Womien workers
one-fifth of the workforce.
urban areas, they arejust Total workforce

Rural workforce (1/3rd) Urban Workforce (1/3th)

WOMEN

This is due to the fact that -

women participate in large number in productive activities
Rural
as compared to urban
women.

many women carry out works like cooking,

Secondly, in rural areas, participate in farm labour.
fetching water and fuel woodand
are
in cash or in the form of grains; at times they
They are not paid wages reason, these women are not categorised as
this
not paid at all. For
workers.
these women should also be called workers.
However, Economists argue that 1
Q. "In India women
with validarguments. participation rate is lower in urban areas
than in the rural areas" Explain
ANS: In India, the participation rate of women in the workforce is often lower in
compared to rural areas for urban areas
1. Availability of Jobs:several reasons:
In urban areas,
may find fewer opportunities that suit women might face more competition for jobs and
their skills or
rates. needs, leading to lower participation
2. Higher Education and Skill Requirements: Urban jobs
and specific skills, which can limit employment often require higher education
have these qualifications. opportunities for women who may not
3. Social and Cultural Factors: In urban areas, traditional social norms might
still restrict
women's work choices, influencing their decision to stay out of the workforce.
4. Cost of Living and Childcare: The higher cost of living in cities might make it harder
for women to balance work and family responsibilities, especially if affordable childcare
options are not available.

5. Access to Employment Opportunities: Rural areas might offer more informal

employment opportunities where women can work alongside their domestic duties,
making it easier for them to participate in the workforce.

Overall, these factors combine to make it harder for women to work in urban settings compared
to rural areas.
 TOBLESs GRouwTH
ymeers t a sihuatin lohene Gbe ot an ecen
ghows tater than
shih eslts un bnemplament
y h develoing Churdg dke Tnclis, ohere thene
etononi Kath
agesig Janemaly sso iated
SeComes Meaning tul my shen it So -hatt
cotth gealo Votþortuties
is Comated.

Pndia eonmy as expeienay

technology -than the emþley men
GDP moe thisugh
a sihuatin
labu.It
 sh lssues
#asualis atin i- Sihuatim ishun the %4 Casualy- hind uokers in tolal saoifo
tnch t ise or tme.
’ ral aees

’ becawe

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kJoteun aiqvat Uvban
ane
 Ch-6 Emfgpad qt, htormaljatin oher Tsues
Tnomalijntm-Refer ti aglhatin uun tefa tends t moe fn Ber
Menh

infomel gecthr than in

Shuchue Can be Unsld t l6,064
emiskilled 19,929
fornal fector
hongnied feckor
y includes ale
whic e lo or ma waken LsLi hie les hn lo sotes
Enthtled t Social óewnt, bereb Nat enled t. sial
Prolectkd by labaur laus
 essim enmfloges
Unenagt
the by
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S'ende
dermdo skils and
an
Jelonom SUMNer in
ateh doesn! the luorkersin danit
get 3e
denanda
tbuiness thehestills Jacktae!Winkr
MisHath latan-A7 extre tdugute fud
Changy
je incement
ton So
hidtame sely CaUselby wieopuakh
l iy femnths
du
leymwt Unen spen o
hae doesn't Seasnl Unenblgment
rictnal
Kidden
id Dfsqutped
t get Doent stko hose innennlymnt:
wahioh condition t#
tok lale
’willig +
hfomaljatin Gradk,Emslyent CH-6
 Cauns Unenlt hemedial measwes

Slouw ecmomi
-Cntal ouer opulato
ncrtse in rat of SIs

- Change in boluatoma Ay

’ Nahmae Ausad Emtlogment Gusaakee (NREGA)

Govl Poliesa Embleyment Generaton Somotra Giamin (sGRy)
’ Shil Lndia lmaign

God hen
CThdiket Measey ’ Mak in Lhdia

gov enteroi,
then phvat enkises
adainkstratie botoses.