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    The Antibacterial Effect of Some Household Detergents Against

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    The Antibacterial Effect of Some Household Detergents Against

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    The Antibacterial Effect of Some Household Detergents Against

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    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.

    Sci (2016) 5(2): 459-463

    International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences


    ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 2(2016) pp. 459-463
    Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

    Original Research Article doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.502.051

    The Antibacterial Effect of some Household Detergents against


    Staphylococcus aureus

    Mohamed M. Jouda1*, Zuhair Dardona2 and Mohammed Albayoumi3


    1
    Department of Microbiology, College of Intermediate Studies, Al-Azhar University of Gaza, Palestine
    2
    Department of Microbiology, Medical services, Gaza, Palestine
    3
    Department of Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Veterinary services, Gaza, Palestine
    *Corresponding author

    ABSTRACT
    Keywords
    Detergents, The activity of Four commercial types of household detergents; Dettol,
    Dettol and Clorex, Elrajih and Jett were assessed against Staphylococcus aureus. Filter
    Clorex paper disks were impregnated with 100%, 50% and 25% concentration of
    Article Info each detergent and applied on Mueller-Hinton Agar plates inoculated with S.
    aureus. After incubation at 37ₒC for 24 hours inhibition zones were
    Accepted:
    06 December 2015 recorded. The largest inhibition zone (37 mm to 25 mm) was obtained by
    Available Online: Dettol while the smallest one (13 to 7 mm) was obtained by Elrajih.
    10, January 2016

    Introduction

    Health is one of the most important factors These disinfectants cause distraction of
    in human life. Contracting an illness can be microorganisms by two variables: the
    bad, and can even cause death. Over the concentration of the detergent and the length
    years, rather than using antimicrobial drugs, of time the detergent is applied (Levinson,
    antiseptics and disinfectants have played 2012).
    important roles in the control of infectious
    disease, microbial food spoilage and For many years, hand washing with soap
    unwanted microbial generally (Awodele et and water had been considered a measure of
    al, 2007). personal hygiene.Bacteria are very diverse
    and present everywhere such as in soil,
    Using a disinfectant detergent that will water, sewage, standing water and even in
    effectively kill harmful bacteria can help human body. Bacteria’s that attacks on
    people stay healthy. Detergents are human body is of great importance with
    substances, it could be liquid, solid or semi reference to health (Bhat et al, 2011).
    solid, which are used to remove dirt, stains
    and microorganisms in order to maintain Foodborne diseases affect human by
    health (Moses et al, 2013 and Wang et al, ingestion or drinking contaminated water
    2012). with specific microorganisms, these

    459
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2016) 5(2): 459-463

    microorganisms may be ingested directly or water, serial dilutions of each of the


    indirectly. One way of indirect infections is disinfectant were prepared to obtain 50%
    using contaminated kitchen utensils, and 25% concentrations.
    Staphylococcus mainly S. aureus causes
    foodborne gastroenteritis. The symptoms of Preparation of Sterile Disc
    staphylococcal food poisoning usually
    develop within 4 hours of the ingestion of Filter disks about 5 mm in diameter were
    contaminated food, although a range of 1 - made from Whatman’s No.3 filter paper and
    hours has been reported. The symptoms wrapped in aluminum foil and sterilize in an
    include nausea, vomiting, abdominal oven at 75oC for 30 minutes. Each sterile
    cramps, diarrhea, sweating, headache and disc was incorporated individually with 40
    prostration (Jay et al, 2005). In order to μl of detergent with various concentrations
    prevent infection it's highly important to use (25%, 50% and 100%). These discs were
    trusted detergents that kill pathogenic allowed for air drying.
    microorganism.
    Assay of Antimicrobial Activity
    This study was done to evaluate the
    effectiveness of some cleaning products that Using sterile forceps, discs impregnated
    widely used in homes and healthcare with different dilution and different
    settings by determining how effective they disinfectants were placed on each of the
    are in inactivate one of the most commonly plates inoculated with the test organisms.
    encountered pathogenic microbes in day to The forceps was used to press down each of
    day activities, Staphylococcus aureus. the disc gently against the agar surface so as
    to ensure good contact. The plates were
    Materials and Methods incubated in an inverted position at 37oC for
    24 hours. The zones of inhibition were
    Source of Detergents and their observed, and then measured accurately
    Constituent (Okore et al, 2014).

    Each of the following detergents (Table 1) Results and Discussion


    was obtained from a local market, Gaza,
    Palestine. Commercial products of four detergents
    (Dettol®, Clorex®, Elrajeh® and Jett®)
    Inoculation of the Test Organisms were used with three concentrations 100 %,
    50 % and 25 %.
    S. aureus was obtained and confirmed at
    microbiology laboratory of the Islamic After 24 hours of cultivation, inhibition
    University of Gaza. Bacteria colonies were zones were measured. All detergents showed
    maintained on Mueller-Hinton Agar medium considerable antimicrobial activity. The
    (Himedia, India). Twenty-four hour old pure results show that S. aureus vary in its
    cultures were prepared for use each time. response to different types of antiseptics and
    detergent. Elrajih® was the least effective
    Preparation of the Disinfectants one. On the other hand, Dettol® was found
    highly effective against S. aureus where the
    Disinfectants from the original packages zones of inhibition ranged from 25mm to 37
    were considered to be absolute mm (Fig.1). The zones of inhibition
    concentration (100%). Using sterile distilled exhibited by the detergents with their
    460
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2016) 5(2): 459-463

    dilutions against S. aureus are shown in antibacterial effects of antiseptics and


    table 2. disinfectants are not only dependent on the
    types of antiseptics and disinfectant but also
    The effect of Dettol® was assessed by (El- on their concentrations. Sodium
    Mahmood and Doughari, 2008) against hypochlorite has a good activity against
    some microorganisms associated with S.aureus, and it is the most used antiseptic
    nosocomial infection including S. aureus, it compound in homes cleaning, (Lee et al,
    was highly effective like this study results, 2009) concluded from this study that the
    results of this study regarding Dettol® are optimum washing and sanitizing conditions
    similar to that obtained by (Saha et al, 2009) for lettuce containing S. aureus using
    as the study recorded inhibition zones sodium hypochlorite are depending on
    ranging from 28 to 17 mm for 100% to 5% concentration, period of immersion and
    concentration. The results proved that the temperature.

    Table.1 The Main Chemical Constituent of Detergents

    Detergents Chemical constituent


    ®
    1. Dettol Chloroxtlenol 4.85% w/w, Pine oil, Isopropyl
    Alcohol, Castor Oil, Caramel and Deionized Water.
    ®
    2. Clorex Sodium hypochlorite 12 %.
    ®
    3. Elrajeh Sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate and coconut
    diethanol amide (12%) concentration.
    ®
    4. Jett Chloroxylenol 1.2 %

    Table.2 Zone of Inhibition Produced by the used Four Detergents

    461
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2016) 5(2): 459-463

    Fig.1 The Diameter of the Zones of Inhibition after 24 Hours. A= Dettol®,


    B= Clorex®, C= Elrajeh® and D= Jett®

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    How to cite this article:

    Mohamed M. Jouda, Zuhair Dardona and Mohammed Albayoumi. 2016. The Antibacterial
    Effect of some Household Detergents against Staphylococcus aureus.
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 5(2): 459-463. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.502.049

    463

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