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Modular Design and Programming Concepts

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Vijay Gondhale
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3 views

Modular Design and Programming Concepts

Uploaded by

Vijay Gondhale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modular Design and Programming Concepts

Modular Design in Programming


Definition:
Modular design is a software design technique that breaks a program into smaller,
manageable, and reusable components, known as modules. Each module is designed to
perform a specific task and can be developed, tested, and maintained independently.

Key Characteristics:
1. Independence: Modules can function independently without relying heavily on other
parts of the program.
2. Reusability: Modules can be reused across different programs or projects.
3. Maintainability: Easier to debug and update individual modules.
4. Scalability: New modules can be added without significant changes to existing ones.
5. Encapsulation: Details within a module are hidden, exposing only necessary interfaces.

Fundamentals of Function Design


1. Single Responsibility Principle: A function should perform one specific task. This
improves clarity and makes the function reusable.

2. Function Naming: Choose descriptive names that clearly convey the purpose of the
function. For example, calculate_sum() or validate_input().

3. Input and Output: Clearly define what inputs the function expects and ensure the function
provides meaningful output.

4. Avoid Side Effects: Functions should avoid altering variables or states outside their scope.

5. Modularity: Design functions that align with the modular approach to ensure that they
work cohesively within larger systems.

Writing Pseudocode for Modular Design


Pseudocode allows you to design your program’s logic before actual coding. In modular
design, pseudocode outlines how the modules interact and how tasks are divided.

General Steps:
1. Identify the main problem and break it into smaller subtasks.
2. Assign each subtask to a separate module (or function).
3. Define the input, processing, and output for each module.
4. Write the pseudocode for each module.

Example Pseudocode:
Problem: Calculate the area of a rectangle and a circle.
MAIN MODULE:
Get user choice for shape (Rectangle or Circle)
IF choice is Rectangle:
Call Rectangle Area Module
ELSE IF choice is Circle:
Call Circle Area Module
ELSE:
Display Invalid Choice
End IF

RECTANGLE AREA MODULE:


Get length and width
Calculate area as length * width
Display the area

CIRCLE AREA MODULE:


Get radius
Calculate area as 3.14159 * radius * radius
Display the area

Modular Programming Concept


Definition:
Modular programming is a coding approach where a program is divided into distinct
modules, each of which performs a specific functionality.

Core Concepts:
1. Decomposition: Divide the program into logical modules.
2. Interface: Define clear inputs and outputs for each module.
3. Integration: Combine all modules to create the complete program.
4. Testing: Test each module independently before integration.

Advantages:
1. Simplifies complex programs.
2. Facilitates teamwork, as different developers can work on separate modules.
3. Improves code readability and debugging.

Example in Python:
```python
# Main module
def main():
choice = input('Choose shape (Rectangle or Circle): ').lower()
if choice == 'rectangle':
rectangle_area()
elif choice == 'circle':
circle_area()
else:
print('Invalid choice')

# Rectangle Area Module


def rectangle_area():
length = float(input('Enter length: '))
width = float(input('Enter width: '))
area = length * width
print(f'Rectangle area: {area}')

# Circle Area Module


def circle_area():
radius = float(input('Enter radius: '))
area = 3.14159 * radius * radius
print(f'Circle area: {area}')

# Run the program


if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
```

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