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JavaScript

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globus pallidus
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3 views

JavaScript

Uploaded by

globus pallidus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JavaScript Statements

JavaScript programs
 A computer program is a list of ‘’instructions’’ to be ‘’executed’’ by a computer.
 In a programming language, these programming instructions are called statements.
 A JavaScript program is a list of programming statements.
 JavaScript statements are composed of:
o values
o operators
o expressions
o keywords
o comments
 Most JavaScript programs contain many JavaScript statements.
 The statements are executed, one by one, in the same order as they are written

Semicolons (;)
 Semicolons separate JavaScript statements
 Add a semicolon at the end of each executable statement
 When separated by semicolons, multiple statements on one line are allowed
 Ending statements with semicolon is not required, but highly recommended

JavaScript White Space


 JavaScript ignores multiple spaces
 You can add white space to your script to make it more readable
 A good practice is to put spaces around operators ( = + - * / )

JavaScript Line Length and Line Breaks


 For best readability, programmers often like to avoid code lines longer than 80 characters
 If a JavaScript statement does not fit on one line, the best place to break it is after an
operator ( = + - * / )

JavaScript Code Blocks


 JavaScript statements can be grouped together in code blocks, inside curly brackets {…}
 The purpose of code blocks is to define statements to be executed together
 One place you will find statements grouped together in blocks is in JavaScript functions

JavaScript Keywords
 JavaScript statements often start with a keyword to identify the JavaScript action to be
performed
 Some of the keywords are the following:
o var
 declares a variable
o let
 declares a block variable
o const
 declares a block constant
o function
 declares a function
o return
 exits a function
 JavaScript keywords are reserved words
 Reserved words cannot be used as names for variables

JavaScript Syntax
JavaScript Syntax is the set of rules, how JavaScript programs are constructed

JavaScript Values
 The JavaScript syntax defines two types of values:
o fixed values  they are called literals
o variable values  they are called variables

JavaScript Literals
 The two most important syntax rules for fixed values are:
o Numbers are written with or without decimals
o Strings are text, written within double or single quotes

JavaScript Variables
 In a programming language, variables are used to store data values
 JavaScript uses the keywords var, let and const to declare variables
 An equal sign ( = ) is used to assign values to variables

In this example, x is defined as a variable.


Then, x is assigned the value 6.

JavaScript Operators
 JavaScript uses arithmetic operators ( + - * / ) to compute values

JavaScript Expressions
 An expression is a combination of values, variables, and operators, which computes to a
value
 The computation is called an evaluation

JavaScript Keywords
 JavaScript keywords are used to identify actions to be performed
 The let keyword tells the browser to create variables
 The var keyword also tells the browser to create variables

JavaScript Comments
 Not all JavaScript statements are ‘’executed’’
 Code after double slashes // or between /* and */ is treated as a comment
 Comments are ignored, and will not be executed

JavaScript Identifiers/Names
 Identifiers are JavaScript names
 Identifiers are used to name variables and keywords, and functions
 A JavaScript name must begin with:
o a letter ( A-Z or a-z )
o a dollar sign ( $ )
o an underscore ( _ )
 Subsequent characters may be letters, digits, underscores or dollar signs.
 Numbers are not allowed as first character in names.

JavaScript
 All JavaScript identifiers are case sensitive
o for example, the variables lastName and lastname, are two different variables

JavaScript and Camel Case


 Historically, programmers have used different ways of joining multiple words into one
variable name:
o underscore (e.g. first_name)
o upper camel case (e.g. FirstName)
o lower camel case (e.g. firstName)

JavaScript Character Set


 JavaScript uses the Unicode character set
o Unicode is a way to represent the characters of all the languages in the world
o Unicode provides a unique number for every character, including punctuation
marks, mathematical symbols and characters making up non-Latin alphabets such
as Thai, Chinese or Arabic script
o Unicode is maintained by the Unicode Consortium, a non-profit organization that
exists to develop and promote the Unicode2

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