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A Nithin Chandra* et al.

(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.3, April – May 2016, 2934 – 2937.

An Overview Towards Flyover Construction

for Lessening Congestion of Traffic
A NITHIN CHANDRA A PRANATHI G RAVALI
B.Tech Student B.Tech Student B.Tech Student
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Guru Nanak Institute of Technology
Hyderabad, T.S, India Hyderabad, T.S, India Hyderabad, T.S, India
G SARITHA T.SARITHA S MADAN MOHAN
B.Tech Student Assistant Professor Professor
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Guru Nanak Institute of Technology
Hyderabad, T.S, India Hyderabad, T.S, India Hyderabad, T.S, India
Abstract: While the traffic on road is increasing day by day and there is no space left in both dimensions,
and finally the only option left is to go to third dimension and that is made all the way through flyover
construction. Flyover is a bridge that carries one road or else railway line above another moreover with
or lacking subsidiary roads, for communication connecting the two. The main purpose is to get better
present state of affairs vastly and make association of traffic convenient to possible extend, although a
completely difference free situation cannot be understood. Scope of work includes collection of data
concerning existing pavement crust composition as well as features and existing sub grade type
conditions.
Keywords: Flyover, Bridge, Pavement, Road, Third Dimensions, Traffic.
INTRODUCTION PROPOSALS OF IMPROVEMENT AND
DESIGN STANDARDS
All flyovers and roads etc are considered
exclusively to hold the heaviest as well as tallest The junction caters in support of extremely
vehicle. Flyovers play a most important role within congested as well as crammed traffic throughout
streamlining the system of traffic control. All the the day especially during peak hours. Based on
way through flyovers lots time is saved avoiding surveys results an arrangement suiting for the
congestion. Effect of pollution is reduced and traffic pattern is projected for improvisation of
Flyovers decrease risk of accidents. These situation. The entire the site constraints were taken
moreover contribute a lot toward the aesthetics of care during formulation of improvement scheme.
city [1]. The person who travels on flyover can The main purpose is to get better present state of
enjoy panoramic vision of the city. A variety of affairs vastly and make association of traffic
engineering surveys were carried out for proper convenient to possible extend, although a
planning and designing of grade separator at completely difference free situation cannot be
proposed junction. These surveys are for instance understood. Geometry of NH 9contains a mild
Topographical survey, Trial pit/subsoil curve in this stretch and therefore elevated structure
investigations and Geotechnical investigations moreover follows geometry containing of mild
intended for foundations. Topographical Surveys curve. As our project road falls in limits off urban,
collect necessary ground features of proposed appropriate Indian Roads Congress design
junction by means of Total Station to build up a standards by due consideration towards most recent
Digital Terrain Model to look after design directive as well as guidelines were followed, while
necessities of grade separated facility, identify formulating standards of design. The necessary
areas of restriction as well as their remedies [2][3]. design standards implemented for structural
The data that is collected will result in final design designs are as per necessities laid down in most
and is moreover used for computation of earthwork recent editions of Indian Roads Congress codes of
as well as other quantities necessary. Trial Pit / practices and regular specifications of Ministry of
Subsoil Investigations offer basis for pavement Road Transport as well as Highways. The proposal
design for service roads keeping in vision of of flyover needs improvement as well as
composition as well as characteristics of existing reorganization of traffic understanding existing at
pavement. The scope of work, therefore, comprise junction. The traffic is channelized making sure
collection of data concerning existing pavement appropriate turning radius. Traffic regulation
crust composition as well as features and existing arrangements are restructured to make simple
sub grade type as well as sub-soil conditions. smooth turning of vehicles. A variety of structural
arrangement options were considered for proposed

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 A Nithin Chandra* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.3, April – May 2016, 2934 – 2937.

flyover based on Functional requirement, features SCENARIO OF TRAFFIC AT TOLICHOWKI

of subsoil, services to be provided at grade,
Tolichowki junction on NH 9 is one of important
simplicity in construction and Economy and so on.
locations that hold highest volume of traffic. The
The structural system was considered in view of
speed survey that is performed on this stretch of
suitability of the same at projected location,
highway moreover indicates peak hour average
constructability, impact level on traffic movement
speed of 19 kmph [9]. The study contain mandated
throughout construction [4][5]. When considering
flyover to be build at junction of NH9 by 2015.
distance of coverage essential for required spans, a
Geometry of NH 9contains a mild curve in this
span length concerning 35m is approved there and
stretch and therefore elevated structure moreover
similar span length is followed for complete length
follows geometry containing of mild curve.
of flyover.
Suitable Indian roads congress design standards by
CLASSIFICATION OF FLYOVERS due consideration towards most recent directive as
well as guidelines were followed, while
Flyovers are important within streamlining the
formulating standards of design. Detailed design of
system of traffic control. All the way through
projected flyover was carried out on the basis of
flyovers lots time is saved avoiding congestion.
data collected throughout a variety of surveys
The flyover is considered to simplify traffic
similar to topographical survey, geotechnical
congestion at Tolichowki T-junction and make easy
survey and moreover as specified in the findings of
hassle-free movement among Mehdipatnam as well
traffic studies. The proposal of flyover needs
as Gachibowli. Flyovers are not as a rule
enhancement as well as reorganization of traffic
appropriate for developed areas as they need a huge
understanding existing at junction. The traffic is
area and also it is expensive and lack of proper
channelized making sure appropriate turning
managing within flyover construction might cause
radius. Traffic regulation arrangements are
lots of problems [6]. The road from Mehdipatnam
restructured to make simple smooth turning of
towards Tolichowki is a high traffic density area.
vehicles. Various structural arrangement options
There are different classification of flyovers such
were considered for proposed flyover. Apart from
as: Railway Crossing: At railway crossing in
various outcomes of survey, urban environment of
which there is more traffic congestion regarding
area moreover played a most important role in
frequency of trains passing by or else the traffic on
making a decision of span length, shape of
road, in both cases flyover must be provided all
substructure and so on. Most recent versions of
along the road. There are two forms of flyovers that
relevant standard codes of practices that are
are used in support of traffic management at road
published by Indian Roads Congress standard
crossings such as Simple Flyovers: in which main
specifications have been followed in finalizing
road is employed for fast traffic, which is made to
design thought and in design of a variety of
pass highest level by means of bridge, offering
structural components. The design of substructure
ramps on both approaches; and slowest traffic is
as well as foundation of the flyover is carried out
prepared to pass underneath as a result traffics pass
on the basis of IRC 6- 2000 as well as IRC 78-
at two various levels, and have no chance for
2000. RCC hammer headed piers by means of
accident. Grade Separator: Rotary Grade
flaring on the top portion as well as straight portion
Separator unites benefits of rotary with notion of a
below is projected. Pier cap is offered above the
flyover. It is basically multi-level rotary by traffic
flaring. Abutments are designed related to piers
segregation at separate vertical levels on basis of
devoid of earth pressure forces. Total item wise
mode of traffic and not direction alone [7][8]. The
quantities in support of flyover are considered as
biggest advantage of Rotary Grade Separator is that
per detailed drawings [10].
it is considered around human being, the pedestrian
and offering him secured movement as well as S. No Year PCU
access. Cloverleaf Junction: It is moreover a type
of grade separator which was first used in America 1 2010 6,867
and needs an extremely huge area of land. The 2 2015 9,299
entire conflicting streams concerning traffic are
avoided, and as a result traffic moves at its 3 2020 11,893
individual speed. This is beneficial when compared 4 2025 13,816
to roundabout, as there is no need for weaving as
well as slowing down of traffic. The cloverleaf is 5 2030 14,632
simple means to bond two freeways. The only
Fig1: An overview of projected traffic at
bridge necessary is to divide two roadways. When
Tolichowki.
land is costly, so moreover can be cloverleaf, which
turn into an option among tight turning radii or else
lots of consumed land.

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 A Nithin Chandra* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.3, April – May 2016, 2934 – 2937.

[6]. RC 5-2000 – STANDARD

SPECIFICATIONS AND CODE OF
PRACTICE FOR ROAD BRIDGES
SECTION I - General Features of Design
[7]. IRC 6-2000 – STANDARD
SPECIFICATIONS AND CODE OF
PRACTICE FOR ROAD BRIDGES
Fig 2: An overview of Projected Traffic at SECTION II - Loads and Stresses
Tolichowki
[8]. IRC 78-2000 – STANDARD
From the traffic analysis performed, it can be SPECIFICATIONS AND CODE OF
observed that flyover is mandated at this location in PRACTICE FOR ROAD BRIDGES
2015. SECTION VII (Foundation And Substructure)
CONCLUSION [9]. IS 456-2000 – PLAIN AND REINFORCED
Flyovers contain several advantages, but limitations CONCRETE – CODE OF PRACTICE
arise only due to several mistakes committed at [10]. PERUMAL R.VAIDYANATHAN AND P.
some stage in their construction or else because of Structural Analysis-Volume II Lakshmi
improper planning, and so on. Flyovers are not as a Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
rule appropriate for developed areas as they need a
huge area and also it is expensive. Lack of proper AUTHORS PROFILE
managing within flyover construction might cause Nithin Chandra Alampally was born on 1994 at
lots of problems. Various engineering surveys were Raichur district, Karnataka. He is
carried out for proper planning and designing of pursuing his Bachelor of
grade separator at proposed junction. The major Technology degree in Civil
intention is to get better present state of affairs Engineering from Guru Nanak
vastly and make association of traffic convenient to Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal
possible extend, although a completely difference Nehru Technological University
free situation cannot be understood. The necessary Hyderabad. At present he is Final
design standards implemented for structural year student in civil department from Guru Nanak
designs are as per necessities laid down in most Institute of Technology, JNTU Hyderabad
recent editions of Indian Roads Congress codes of
practices and regular specifications of Ministry of Pranathi Ambati was born on 1995 at
Road Transport as well as Highways. Khammam district, telengana. She is
pursuing her Bachelor of Technology
REFERENCES degree in Civil Engineering from
[1]. K.S.RAKSHIT, Design and Construction of Guru Nanak Institute of Technology,
Highway Bridges New Central Book Agency, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
Kolkata. University Hyderabad. At present she
is Final year student in civil department from Guru
[2]. JAYARAM,T.R. JAGADEESH AND M.A. Nanak Institute of Technology, JNTU Hyderabad
Design of Bridge Structures Prentice Hall of
India Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi Ravali Garige was born on 1994 at Nalgonda
district, telengana. she is pursuing her
[3]. D.JOHNSON VICTOR, Essentials of Bridge Bachelor of Technology degree in
Engineering Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Civil Engineering from Guru Nanak
Pvt. Ltd. National Conference on Research Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal
Advances in Communication, Computation, Nehru Technological University
Electrical Science and Structures Hyderabad. At present she is Final
(NCRACCESS-2015) ISSN: 2348 – 8352 year student in civil department from Guru Nanak
www.internationaljournalssrg.org Page 44 Institute of Technology, JNTU Hyderabad
[4]. C.S. PAPACOSTAS, Fundamentals of Saritha Gundam was born on 1994 at Kurnool
Transportation Engineering Prentice Hall of district, Andhra Pradesh. she is
India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi. pursuing her Bachelor of Technology
[5]. IRC 21-2000 – STANDARD degree in Civil Engineering from
SPECIFICATIONS AND CODE OF Guru Nanak Institute of Technology,
PRACTICE FOR ROAD BRIDGES Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
SECTION II – Cement Concrete (Plain and University Hyderabad. At present she
Reinforced) is Final year student in civil department from Guru
Nanak Institute of Technology, JNTU Hyderabad

2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 2936

 A Nithin Chandra* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.3, April – May 2016, 2934 – 2937.

Assistantprof. Ms. T.Saritha was born on 1992 at

Hyderabad B.Tech from JNTUH ,
(MTech Structures & Construction
Engineering.) has around 2 years of
experience in the field of
Construction of Civil Engineering
Works.
Prof. S. Madan Mohan received his Bachelor of
Technology degree in Civil
Engineering from JNTUCE
Hyderabad in 1998. In 2001 he
received his Master's Degree in
Structural Engineering from
University College of Engineering Osmania
University, Hyderabad. He joined Gurunanak
Institute of Technology as a faculty where he is a
Professor and Head of the Civil Engineering
Department with a total experience of 17 years in
field of Research, Designing and education. He is
guiding M.tech Thesis work in field of Civil/
Structural Engineering. He has papers published in
National Conferences and International Journals.

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