14/10/2024, 17:59 Tutorial: Java Documentation - Basics | CodeHS

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Java Tutorial

Java Documentation - Basics

By Zach Galant
Co-Founder of CodeHS

Printing to the console

Given a string str you can print to the console using System.out.println or
System.out.print

// Prints a line and ends with a new line

System.out.println(str);

// Prints a line but doesn't end the line. the next call to print or println will continue o
System.out.print(str);

Variables
You can create an integer variable with the keyword int like so

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// Creates a variable with no value yet

int myVariable;

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// Creates a variable with a value
int myOtherVariable = 5;

Methods
Methods can take in values, called parameters.

The method below takes in a parameter called input and prints it.

private void printText(String input)

{
System.out.println(input);
}

Methods can also return a value.

The method below takes in a value, adds two to it, and returns it.

private int addTwo(int number)

{
return number + 2;
}

User Input
You can collect user input in programs with a Scanner

Initializing a Scanner

import java.util.Scanner;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

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Read a string

String str = scanner.nextLine();

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Read an integer

int num = scanner.nextInt();

Read a double

double myDouble = scanner.nextDouble();

Read a boolean

boolean bool = scanner.nextBoolean();

Comparison Operators
Comparison operators return booleans (true/false values)

x == y // is x equal to y
x != y // is x not equal to y
x > y // is x greater than y
x >= y // is x greater than or equal to y
x < y // is x less than y
x <= y // is x less than or equal to y

Comparison operators in if statements

if (x == y)
{
System.out.println("x and y are equal");
}

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if (x > 5)
{
System.out.println("x is greater than 5.");
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}

Math
Operators

+ // Addition
- // Subtraction
* // Multiplication
/ // Division
% // Modulus (Remainder)
() // Parentheses (For order of operations)

Examples

int z = x + y;
int w = x * y;

Increment (add one)

x++

Decrement (subtract one)

x--

Shortcuts

x = x + y; x += y;
x = x - y; x -= y;
x = x * y; x *= y;
x = x / y; x /= y;

RELATED TUTORIALS

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