New Zealand's history is a fascinating blend of indigenous Māori culture and European
colonization. Here's a brief overview:
### **Māori Settlement**
The first people to arrive in New Zealand were the ancestors of the Māori, who likely came from Polynesia between 1200 and 1300 AD. They developed a distinct culture adapted to the temperate environment, with a strong connection to the land and kinship links.
### **European Exploration**
The first European known to have visited New Zealand was Dutch navigator Abel Tasman in 1642. However, it was British explorer James Cook who, in 1769, mapped the coastline and made the first recorded circumnavigation of the islands.
### **Treaty of Waitangi**
In 1840, the Treaty of Waitangi was signed between representatives of the British Crown and Māori chiefs. This treaty established British sovereignty over New Zealand but led to disputes and conflicts over land and sovereignty.
### **Colonial Era and Wars**
The 19th century saw significant conflict between Māori and European settlers, known as the New Zealand Wars. These conflicts were primarily over land and resources, resulting in land confiscations and significant social upheaval.
### **Modern New Zealand**
New Zealand became a British colony in 1840 and gained full independence in 1947. Since then, it has developed into a vibrant, multicultural nation with a strong economy and a reputation for progressive social policies.
Coins of the British World : complete from 500 A.D. to the present : an illustrated standard catalogue with valuations of the coinage of the British Isles from 500 A.D. [and the] British Empire from 1600 A.D. / by Robert Friedberg