State of Qatar

State of Qatar
Ministry of Municipality and

Environment
Nationally Determined
Contribution (NDC)
The State of Qatar is pleased to communicate its
Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) in accordance with decisions 1/CP.19, 1/CP.20
& in line with decision 24/CP.18 and the provisions and
principles of UNFCCC. The Intended Nationally
Determined Contribution (INDC), communicated in 2015,
was designed to reflect a balanced approach where
adaptation, economic diversification, and mitigations
were given equal treatment as suggested by Article 4.7
and Article 7 of the Paris Agreement (PA).
Qatar intends to reduce 25% of its GHG emissions by the
year 2030, relative to baseline scenario {Business-As-
Usual (BAU)}.
In accordance with PA Article 4.8 and Decisions 1/CP.21,
4/CMA.1, Qatar stands firm in its commitment to the
Paris Agreement and is determined to pursue its ambition
and actions for climate adaptation and mitigation as per
its national circumstances and capability. Hereby, Qatar
communicates its second update to its first NDC
submitted earlier on 23/6/2017 as follows:
1. Historically, Qatar’s economy has been driven by the availability of
hydrocarbon resources. However, to maintain development and sustainable
growth, a national vision was adopted to diversify the economy and build a
skilled society capable of sustaining its own development and ensuring a high
living standard. Qatar’s National Vision 2030 (QNV 2030) and Qatar’s National
Development Strategy (NDS-1 & NDS-2) lay a strong emphasis on economic
diversification and sustainable development.
2. The oil & gas sector constitutes the backbone of Qatar’s economy. It
encompasses the entire spectrum of the oil & gas value chain. This includes
the exploration, production, processing, marketing and sales of oil & gas,
liquefied natural gas (LNG), natural gas liquids (NGL), gas to liquids (GTL)
products, refined products, petrochemicals, and fertilizers, steel and
aluminum. The Al-Shaheen Oil Field Gas Recovery and Utilization Project has
been registered as a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project since 2007
for 21 years within the framework of the Kyoto Protocol. The project received
approval from the UNFCCC for the seven-year crediting period from 2014 to
2021, and it is expected to abate approximately 1.2 million tons of CO2 each
year during this period. The national oil company, Qatar Petroleum (QP), is
committed to zero routine flaring by 2030, with a long-term goal to reduce
flaring in onshore facilities to the absolute minimum.
Technically feasible non-routine flaring is also covered. Carbon capture
storage (CCS) will be another pivotal measure for reducing the GHG emissions from
the sector. Qatar commissioned the largest CO2 recovery and sequestration facility in
the MENA region at Ras Laffan in 2019 with a design capacity of 2.2 MTPA of CO2
capture and storage. CCS is included for new LNG facilities and concepts, for
remaining LNG facilities will be developed and implemented considering the
economic, safety and environmental concerns. QP signed a set of Guiding Principles
on 22 March 2018 that aim to reduce methane emissions across the natural gas value
chain stretching from production to the final consumer. The principles aim to
continuously curb methane emissions, stimulate strong performance across gas value
chains, enhance Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) 5 the accuracy of methane
emissions data, advance sound policies and regulations on methane emissions, and to
increase transparency. In 2019, Qatar Petroleum introduced the smart leak detection
and repair program (LDAR) in all upstream and downstream facilities of the oil & gas
industry. Qatar further plans to move towards a fully integrated fugitive methane
monitoring and repair program across all assets. Qatar is enhancing energy efficiency
in the oil & gas sector as a key measure to reduce GHG emissions. The energy
efficiency program includes several projects that are allocated in upstream facilities as
well as gas-to-liquid and downstream facilities. Amongst the variety of measures in
energy efficiency, certain initiatives are aimed to be implemented by 2025, e.g.,
seasonal optimization of gas turbine generators and boilers, improved measurement /
balancing for fuel gas / steam, and improved reliability of heat recovery steam
generator (HRSGs). Furthermore, through innovative technologies and processes such
as energy efficiency performance monitoring, improved reliability of waste heat
recovery systems and recycling of excess fuel gas/off gas are also addressed. Qatar
also plans to efficiently utilize its power plant capacities by usage in other upstream
facilities or feed-in from GTL (gas-to-liquid) facilities to its utility distribution /
transmission grid. Electrical generation capacity shall be shared and optimized across
all upstream facilities. This would allow more efficient dispatch of generating capacity
and keep the units closer to their most efficient operating levels, thereby reducing gas
consumption and GHG emissions.
3. Most of Qatar’s power production comes from natural gas resources. Urban water
supply is mostly drawn from sea water desalination facilities, often using energy-
intensive technologies i.e. MultiStage Flash (MSF) & Reverse Osmosis (R/O) methods.
Nevertheless, recently Qatar has made significant progress in reducing the emissions
from the power & water sector, by introducing its first 800 MW solar power plant,
which shall be operational soon. It is the goal of the State of Qatar to expand these
efforts and transform renewable energy into a key driver for ecological and
commercial benefits. However, renewable energy solar power projects are facing
considerable technical challenges related to the arid and dusty climatic conditions,
grid stability issues in the integration with the existing system, reliability, power
quality & control issues, etc. The National Program for Conservative & Efficient use of
Water & Electricity (Tarsheed) has been successful in generating a lasting awareness
over the issue of water and energy wastage, especially among the youth, and in
reducing consumption of electricity & water per capita. It has ambitious aims for
further reductions.
This NDC is based on the provisions and principles of the Convention in particular Article 3
paragraph 2, Article 4 paragraph 1, paragraph 8 (e & h), and paragraph 10.
All national actions and plans described in this NDC are voluntary and the means of
implementation and support will be in accordance with the principles and provisions of
the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Articles 4.7, 12.4.
Qatar’s commitments are in line with the requirements set forth in Articles 4.3 and 4.4 of
the Paris Agreement and Decision 1/CP.21. To the relevant extent, this submission
considers guidance set forth in Decision 4/CMA.1. In keeping with Article 2 of the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Article 4.1 of the Paris Agreement,
Qatar will continue to explore pathways to further enhance its emission reduction
objectives in line with climate science and global ambition.
Qatar reserves the right to further elaborate and update this NDC in line with its special
national circumstances and sustainable development imperatives with a view to avoid the
adverse effects of economic and social consequences of response measures.

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