6

Technology and Livelihood

Education
Quarter 1-Module 9: Week 9
Plans for the Family’s Animal/Fish
Raising Project

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippine

 Lesson
1 Plans for the Family’s Animal/Fish
Raising Project

Welcome to this module! You must be very excited to start with the learning activities
prepared for you. The learning exercises in this module are designed to provide you with rich,
encouraging and interactive learning experiences that will help enhance not only your knowledge
on agriculture and motor skills but also your communication skills.

What is It

Animal Raising is one of the sources of livelihood of many Filipino families today. It can be
done in one’s backyard or in a small lot nearby. With knowledge, skill and hard work, it can become
one of the most profitable businesses today.
Animals that can be raised at home are the following:

1. Swine/Hog Raising:

Meat of the swine is one of the popular meats in the market. Filipinos are heavy consumers
of this protein-rich food.

The following are the standard breeds of swine commonly raised today:

a. Hampshire – The pig looks smaller than other breeds. The ears are erect, tail is usually
black, and legs are short.
b. Duroc – This breed comes from New Jersey. It has a dark red and golden yellow color.
It is also a good producer of milk and has good mothering characteristics.
c. Yorkshire-This breed is commonly raised in Canada. It has large ears with white and
black spots. This breed is a good source of meat for making bacon.
d. Landrace – This breed comes from Denmark. It has white hair and skin. Its ears are
larger in size and cover much of its face. Its meat is best for making bacon, ham, and
pork chop.
e. Hypor- This breed has well-muscled back, well developed ham, and has high carcass
quality. It has superior milking qualities.
f. Poland China- This breed is black in color with white spots on its feet, tail, and face. It
has thick meat.
g. Tamworth – This has a long narrow head, long snout, and erects ears. The body is light
and dark red in color. Its meat is best for making bacon.

Swine at different age levels require different feed types to be given two to three times per
day. The following are different feed types for specific age levels:

a. Starter Mash- is given to two to eight week old piglets.

b. Growing Mash- is given to two to six month old piglets.
c. Fattening Mash- is given to ten month old piglets until they are ready for slaughtering

Alternative food like camote tops, kangkong, papaya leaves may also be given to swine
from time to time.
2. Poultry Farming- Raises domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys, quail and geese
to produce meat or eggs for food.
3. Ruminants Production – Raises a ruminant mammal which includes cattle, all
domesticated and wild bovines, goats, sheep, giraffes, deer, gazelles, and antelopes.
 4. Fish Farming

Fish farming is a form of aquaculture in which fish are raised in enclosures to be sold as
food. As an archipelago, surrounded by many bodies of water, the country is rich in natural
resources; making fish farming is suitable and viable source of livelihood for many Filipinos.

Tilapia is one of the most in demand fish in the market today. Fish growers both locally
and abroad are focusing aquaculture efforts on Tilapia because of the demand for it as well as its
rapid growth and productivity at harvest time.

Tilapia may be grown in three ways. Choose what suits your locality, space, and even your
purpose whether for family consumption or as a livelihood project.

• Using the Drum. This pertains to the use of big drums to grow tilapia, because the space
is limited, the harvest is also limited just enough for a family’s consumption.

• Using a Fish Pen or Pond. This indicates that the use of rivers and lakes with pens or
ponds measuring 1x1x1 square meters. This can raise from 250 to 1500 tilapia.

• Using an Artificial Pond. This suggests raising tilapia in an excavated or dug out concrete
pond at the backyard preferably near a water source where water supply is sufficient.

Milkfish is referred to as the national fish of the Philippines, milkfish or bangus is very
popular for its milky taste. Like the tilapia, milkfish requires no special kind of feed, for its diet.
Milkfish can be harvested after seven to ten months of feeding.

Catfish resembles cat’s whiskers. This fish has become a staple food for many Filipinos
especially in the Tagalog region. Catfish can be harvested between four to six months of feeding.

Ways of Raising Fish

The following are the common types of fish enclosures used today.

A. Dug Out/Excavated Enclosures – This type of fish pen is an inland fish pen. A large land
area is excavated to create a pool of water where fish can be grown.

B. Concrete/Plastic Enclosures-Concrete and plastic fish tanks are usually used for
commercial fingerling production and research development.

C. Fish Cages- This is an enclosure made of nets and stakes placed in large bodies of
water like the sea, lakes, and rivers to contain and protect fish until they can be harvested.

The following are the required permits when putting up a farm business:

1. Business Name Registration

This permit is secured from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)
2. Barangay Clearance
You need to secure the necessary permit to operate from the barangay where your
farm will be put up.
3. Mayor’s Permit and License/Sanitary Permit
The local government, which has jurisdiction over the area where the business is
located issues business licenses or license to operate to establishments.
4. Tax Identification Number (TIN)
This serves as the business tax ID.
5. Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)
This document is issued by the department of Environment and natural Resources (DENR)
after inspection of the facilities that you have built on your farm.
Stated below are the day to day operations of the farm or the production cycle operations of the
farm:

• Planning for operations

This is an outline of the day to day operations of your farm. What gets done, how it
is done, when it is done, who does it (production cycle).
• Development of the marketing plan
This answers the question: What do you do to your products once these become
available
• Establishing your financial plan
This includes budget allotment vs. expenses, debt, labor, and miscellaneous
expenses of the farm.
• Execution of the business plan
At this point, you as a farm operator are able to translate all your actions to income
generation and experience gain.
• Monitoring
It is important to keep records to assess whether your farm business yields income
or not.
• Research and development
It is best to keep learning and take in new ideas and practices that can help improve
your daily operations. The internet is a good source of free information.

What’s More

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. This type of fish pen is an inland fish pen. A large land area is excavated to create a pool of
water where fish can be grown.
A. Dug out/excavated enclosures C. Concrete/plastic enclosures-
B. Fish cages D. Fish farming
2. Concrete and plastic fish tanks are usually used for commercial fingerling production and
research development.
A. Dug out/excavated enclosures C. Concrete/plastic enclosures-
B. Fish cages D. Fish farming
3. This is an enclosure made of nets and stakes placed in large bodies of water like the sea, lakes,
and rivers to contain and protect fish until they can be harvested.
A. Dug out/excavated enclosures C. Concrete/plastic enclosures-
B. Fish cages D. Fish farming
4. This indicates that the use of rivers and lakes with pens or ponds measuring 1x1x1 square
meters. This can raise from 250 to 1500 tilapia.
A. Concrete/plastic enclosures C. Using a fish pen or pond
B. Using the drum. D. Fish farming
5. This suggests raising tilapia in an excavated or dug out concrete pond at the backyard preferably
near a water source where water supply is sufficient.
A. Concrete/plastic enclosures C. Using a fish pen or pond
B. Using the drum. D. Using an artificial pond
 Assessment

Post Test
Direction: Choose and write the letter that corresponds to your answer.
1. This permit is secured from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI).
A. Tax Identification Number (TIN)
B. Mayor’s permit and License/Sanitary permit
C. Barangay Clearance
D. Business name registration
2. Permit to be secured from the barangay office where your farm will be put up.
A. Tax Identification Number (TIN)
B. Mayor’s permit and License/Sanitary permit
C. Barangay Clearance
D, Business name registration
3.The local government, which has jurisdiction over the area where the business is located issues
business licenses or license to operate to establishments.
A. Tax Identification Number (TIN)
B. Mayor’s permit and License/Sanitary permit
C. Barangay Clearance
D. Business name registration
4. This serves as the business tax ID.
A. Tax Identification Number (TIN)
B. Mayor’s permit and License/Sanitary permit
C. Barangay Clearance
D, Business name registration
5. This document is issued by the department of Environment and natural Resources (DENR) after
inspection of the facilities that you have built on your farm.
A. Tax Identification Number (TIN)
B. Mayor’s permit and License/Sanitary permit
C. Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)
D, Business name registration
D. Monitoring
D. Monitoring
 Lesson Benefits that can be derived from
2 Animal/Fish Raising

What’s New
This time, I want you to read the short story entitled “Nong Naldo with His Animals”
“Nong Naldo with His Animals”
By: Jannah B. Maghanoy

Nong
Naldo is an industrious and simple man who lives near the school. He is a farmer. He doesn’t have
enough money to support his family. To have additional income he raises animals such as pig,
chicken, fish and ducks. Every now and then, he checks his animals and feeds them well that
makes him happy until it becomes his recreation. To minimize the expenses of the family, he often
get foods from it such as eggs and meat which are good for the body. He also sells it in the market
so that he has money to buy the other needs at home. This is why Nong Naldo loves to raise
animals and fishes because it is indeed a good source of livelihood.

What is It

Answer the following questions based on the story you have read.
1. What is the story all about?
2. Why Nong Naldo raised animal/ fish?
3. What do you think are the benefits of raising animal/fish?
Okay, the statements below are the benefits that can be derived from raising animal/fish.

• It gives additional income to the family.

• It can be a source of food such as meat and eggs.
• It brings happiness to one’s family.
• It will become a recreation of a family.
• It helps the country’s problem in terms of unemployment.
• It cope up the country’s problem in terms of food shortage.
• It helps to minimize the expenses of a family.
• It can be a good source of livelihood.
• I boost self- confidence, become responsible and thoughtful.

What’s More

Complete the statements below. Choose the most appropriate answers from the words in the
box.
income recreation livelihood eggs helps
food happiness responsible expenses

1. It can be a good source of ________________________.

2. It boost self-confidence, become ______________ and thoughtful.
3. It can be a source of food such as meat and ______.
 4. It _______ the country’s problem in terms of unemployment.
5. It gives additional source of ________________.
6. It cope up the country’s problem in terms of __________ shortage.
7. It helps to minimize the ______________ of a family.
8. It will become a ________________ of a family.
9. It brings ________________ to one’s family.

Lesson Implements Plan on Animal/ Fish

3 Raising

What is It
In raising animal/fish, we need to prepare some feasibility studies on how to raise
them successfully.

Animal/fish raising in your own locality or community:

1. Business permit
A permit that allows you to raise animal/fish in your locality. This permits
can be secured from the Local Government Unit (LGU).
2. Planning for operations
The outline of the day operations of your own farm or “what gets done and
who does it?” (production cycle)
3. Marketing plan
“What do you do to your products once these become available.”
4. Financial plan
This includes budget allotment like expenses for food, medicines, vaccines
and mate rials for their pens or house area where they could stay away of
disease and other infections bacteria that could might lead them into
mortality.
5. Monitoring
It is important to keep records to assess whether your farm business
yields income or not.
6. Research and development
It is best to keep learning and take in new ideas and practices that can help
improve your daily operations. The internet is a good source of free
information.

Taking Care of the Environment in Raising Animals

It is important to take care of the environment when raising animals. Some laws
regulate the use of a place for animal raising. Laws prohibit the use of residential areas for
large-scale animal raising. There is a need to segregate waste. A definite place should be
allotted for dumping the waste. Be sure that this waste does not pollute the surrounding
area specially lakes, ponds, and rivers. Animals should stay in their own fence and they
are not allowed to loiter.
Questions:

1. What are the materials needed to start an animal raising project?

2. What kind of permit you are going to secure from LGU, to start your project?
3. How do we take good of the environment in raising animals?
 The animal raising or fish farming industry can lead to different entrepreneurial
endeavors ranging from the sale of live animals and fish to the production of by-products
including meat, milk or canned goods.

What I Have Learned

Answer the following questions:

1. What are the materials needed to start an animal raising project?
2. What are the feasibility studies of the above mention on how to start an animal
or fish raising?
3. How do you take care the environment in raising animals?

LESSON Keeps an Updated Record of Growth and

4 Progress on Animals/ Fish Raising

Good Day Learner! Today you will be learning on how to keep an updated record
of the growth and progress on raising animals(goat).

As, with any business; it is important to keep records to assess whether your
farm business yields income or not. Assuming that business is good, farm products
are abundant and daily operations are at their peak, you should be able to set
standards for all aspects of production. For example, quantity of milk produced
every day, number of young born every breeding cycle, number of animals sold
every selling season.

There is also a lot of information about animal/fish rising available on the

internet. Make sure to validate information and check different sources.

Record keeping Farmers should cultivate the habit of maintaining records to

know the actual performance of the broilers. It is advisable to record batch
performance on a record sheet in the format given in order to assess the efficiency
and profit or loss of the farm.

Post Assessment
Test A: Multiple Choice:
Read, understand and choose the correct answer of the following questions.

1. Why is it important to keep records on progress animals/fish raising?

A. So that the owner will keep himself busy
B. So that the public will know of the profit earned
C. To assess whether your farm business yield income or not.
D. All of the above

2. The following sentences shows proper monitoring and keeping of records on animals/fish
raising except one.
A. Place them in safe vault B. Update them from time to time
C. Place them in any part of the house D. Feed them on time
 3. Which of the following statement shows care for animals?
A. Feed them as you remember B. Give them enough food and water
C. Pasture them under the heat of the sun D. All of the above

4. How do we keep record on progress of animals/fish raising?

A. Keep them anywhere B. Place them in safe vault
C. Let the secretary bring in their home D. Both A and B

5. Where can we get a lot of information about animal/fish raising?

A. From the liaison officer B. From your own imagination
C. From the updated record being kept D. Both A and C

Test B-True or False

Read the following sentences. Write T if the sentence is true and F if not. Write it
on the answer sheets provided by yout TLE Teacher.
_________6. Animals/fish can give food to the people.
_________7. It is important to feed animals/fish on time.
_________8. Recording of updates and progress is important.
_________9. Animal raising is always gaining profit.
_________10. Water is important to animals/fish.
 6
Technology and Livelihood
Education
Quarter 1-Module 10: Week 10
Animal/Fish Raising

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Lesson Discuss Indicators for Harvesting/
1 Capturing Animals/ Fish

What I Know
Instructions: Read the following test items below. Select the correct answer from the given
choices and write the letter only of your answer in your TLE activity notebook.
1. What kind of fish can be harvested after three to four months of feeding?
a. Milkfish c. Catfish
b. Tilapia d. Bangus
2. A kind of fish that can be harvested after seven to ten months of feeding is called
_________.
a. Catfish c. Milkfish
b. Tilapia d. Bangus
3. What is the best age to slaughter a goat?
a. 2 to 3 months c. 4 to 6 months
b. 3 to 5 months d. 5 to 7 months
4. This is the most commonly used method by fishers and commercial fishing boats.
a. Use of Net c. Total drainage
b. Use of Baited Hook and Line d. Use of taklob
5. It is a process of gathering, catching and slaughtering animal product when it reached the
marketable size and weight.
a. Farming c. Fishing
b. Sieving d. Harvesting

What’s In

Answer the following questions:

1. Why do we need to know the kinds of animals/fish to be raised at home?
2. Is it important that an animal/fish raiser should have appropriate knowledge as to when is the
exact time to harvest or capture animals and fishes? Why?
3. Do you think that proper handling of harvested/captured animal/fish important? Why?

What’s New

In this lesson you are going to learn about indicators for harvesting and capturing animals/
fishes. What are the men doing in the picture?

Fish farming is one of the biggest industries in the Philippines. As an archipelago, surrounded
by many bodies of water, the country is rich in natural resources making fish farming is suitable
and viable source of livelihood for many Filipinos.
 Aside from fish farming, Filipinos are also fond of raising different kinds of animals such as pig
and goat for livelihood purposes. Therefore, harvesting is the best thing to do if the animal raiser
aims to market their animal product.
Harvesting is a process of gathering, catching and slaughtering animal product when it reached
the marketable size and weight. Animal product can be harvested in different ways.

Tilapia

Tilapia is one of the most in demand fish in the market today. Fish growers both locally and
abroad are focusing aquaculture efforts on Tilapia because of the demand for it is well as its rapid
growth and productivity at harvest time. Tilapia can be harvested after three to four months of
feeding.

Milkfish

Also referred to as the National Fish of the Philippines, Milkfish or Bangus is very popular
for its milky taste. Like the Tilapia, Milkfish requires no special kind of feed, for its diet. Milkfish can
be harvested after seven to ten months of feeding.

Catfish

Catfish resembles Cat’s Whiskers. This fish has become a staple food for many Filipinos
especially in the Tagalog Region. Catfish can be harvested between four to six months of feeding.

Pig
Raising pig is a profitable business. Many products are derived from swine meat or pork.
Even the protein is derived from its meat. Pig can be sold at five to six months of age.
 Goat can be slaughtered at 3 to 5 months of age. It can be sold also by weighing.

<ahref='https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/nature'>Naturephoto created by
freepik - www.freepik.com</a>

To harvest fish, there are several methods used:

• Use of Taklob- this is commonly used by fishers who catch fish on brooks or
streams. The catch is normally for home consumption.
• Used of Baited Hook and Line- usually takes time to catch many fishes since
the hook catch many fishes since the hook catches only one fish at a time.
• Use of Net- Most commonly used method by fishers and commercial fishing
boats.
• Total Drainage- the pond is drained of its water and a long fishnet is used to
catch fish.

What is It

Instruction: Read and answer the following questions.

1. What is harvesting?
2. What are the different kinds of fishes that can be harvested based on the number of months
feeding?
3. When can tilapia be harvested? Milkfish? Catfish? Carp?
4. How many months can pig be sold for meat?
5. What is the best age to slaughter a goat?

What’s More
Instruction: Write the indicators for harvesting/ capturing of the following animals/fishes.
Name of Animals Indicators
1. Goat
2. Catfish
3. Milkfish
4. Pig
5. Tilapia
 What I Have Learned

Generalization
Indicators for harvesting different kinds of animals:

• Tilapia can be harvested after three to four months of feeding.

• Milkfish can be harvested after seven to ten months of feeding.
• Catfish can be harvested between four to six months of feeding.
• Pig can be sold for meat at five to six months of age.
• Goat can be slaughtered at 3 to 5 months of age. It can also be sold by weighing.

Methods in harvesting/capturing animal/ fish:

• Use of Taklob
• Used of baited hook and line
• Use of net
• Total drainage

Ways to capture pig and goat:

1. Take a sharp knife and cut the jugular vein by making a deep cut behind the jowl.
2. Allow the pig to bleed out and then drag it to where you will be doing.

What I Can Do

Instruction: Read and answer the following questions.

1. If your parent will give you capital to raise marketable animal, what kind of animal would
you like to raise? Why?
2. What do you consider of growing them?
3. What should you do so you can have a successful harvest of your animal raised?

Assessment

Instructions: Read the following test items below. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
_______1. This kind of fish can be harvested after three to four months of feeding.
_______2. This fish can be harvested after seven to ten months of feeding.
_______3. Fish that can be harvested between four to six months of feeding.
_______4. A kind of animal that can be sold for meat at five to six months.
_______5. It is a process of gathering, catching, and killing animal product when it reached the
marketable size and weight.
 Lesson Markets Animals/Fish
2 Harvested/Captured

What I Know

Instructions: Read the following test items carefully. Write check (/) if the statement is correct and
(x) if it is wrong.
_______1. Internet marketing is also known as online marketing.
_______2. Retailing means giving a portion of meat to customers in shopping malls
and supermarkets.
_______3. The most effective way of selling directly to the customers is to supply
hotels, restaurants, resorts, markets, and clubs.
_______4. Product sampling is the most effective way of selling.
_______5. “Word of mouth” is selling products through internet.

What’s In

A. Answer the following questions.

❑ What are the different marketing strategies in animals and or fish products?
❑ Why are marketing strategies important in selling animal/fish products?

B. Word Hunt: Read the clues and find their corresponding words from the puzzle.
M R S W S E L L E R
A A O M P B B L I D
U F R G X Z A P X O
M A R K E T I N G Q
F D I O E O M A R O
C K J U S T O M E R
R E Y U B O H E M O
Clues:
❑ A place where products are bought and sold.

https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/food-market-sale-stalls-
local-farmer-butcher-fish-kiosk-shop-bakery-vegetables-fruits-stands-
illustrations_7807154.htm#page=1&query=market&position=28

❑ A plot of land devoted to the raising of animals and especially domestic livestock.

https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/landscape-with-farm-
animals_7033740.htm#page=1&query=farm&position=48#&position=48

❑ Persons who offer things to buyers in return of something which most of the time is
money.

https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/retro-fish-street-shop-store-market-with-freshness-
seafood-fridge-traditional-asian-meal-man-dealer-business-person-meat-
seller_7162103.htm#page=1&query=animals%20seller&position=34
 ❑ Persons or organization that purchase materials from suppliers for products and services.

https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/man-market-sells-animals-rabbit-
counter_5411803.htm#page=1&query=animals%20buyer&position=2

❑ It is the process of buying and selling products.

What’s New

Look at the picture and observe what they are doing.

https://image.freepik.com/free-vector/local-farm-food-market-cartoon-people-shopping-woman-
man-characters-buying-from-farmers-meat-bread-vegetables_109722-1173.jpg

Marketing of Animals/Fish Harvested/Captured

In this lesson you are going to learn on how to market animals/fish harvested/captured.
❑ 1. Direct farm sales
You can sell animal or fish by-products directly from your farm. This is a very convenient
way to generate income since there is no extra cost for rent. All your selling transactions
can be done within your farm.
❑ 2. Farmers market/livestock auction market
As an animal raiser/farm operator, you should be on the lookout for events such as
livestock auction markets or similar events in your area where people from nearby
provinces come to buy livestock direct from raisers themselves.
❑ 3. Farm to market
Some farming families or entrepreneurs also have meat shop or fish stall in the nearby
wet market to sell their own animal products.
❑ 4. Restaurants
One possible livestock client can be the nearby restaurants in your area. You could
establish “suki” system.
❑ 5. Selling through the internet
Due to the wide coverage of the internet, aside from placing advertisements on
different websites, you could also use social media to market your animal and fish
farm products and services.
❑ 6. Selling through middlemen
 There are entrepreneurs and there are people who work with entrepreneurs to
make deals with other entrepreneurs, resellers, and dealers. These are called middlemen.
Marketing Pork, Beef, and By-products
Today, there is a great demand for meat like pork and beef.

❑ Pork and beef are sold in the following forms: fresh, frozen, choice cuts, and cured as in
tocino, tapa, longganisa, and hotdogs.
❑ Cow’s milk is packed as fresh milk, evaporated milk, powdered milk, or used as ingredient
for cheese, butter, yogurt, ice cream, pastillas, and leche flan and other dessert products.

What is It
Answer the following questions:
❑ What is marketing?
❑ What are the different ways in marketing animals/fish harvested/captured?
❑ How are you going to market animals/fish you harvested/captured?

What’s More

Individual Activity: Write 2 sentences on your experience based on the given scenario below.
Direct Farm Sales
Farm to Market
Selling through Middlemen

What I Have Learned

\
Learners, this time you will share your learnings on the following areas of marketing animals/fish
harvested/captured:
1. Direct farm sales
2. Farmers market/livestock auction market
3. Farm to market
4. Restaurants
5. Selling through the internet
6. Selling through middlemen

What I Can Do
❑ Make a marketing advertisement of the animals/fish harvested/captured.
❑ Make a chart showing comparison of the Traditional Marketing and Modern
Marketing

Rubric for Scoring

Items Points
1. Organization of Ideas 40 points
2.Creativity 30 points
3.Presentation 30 points
 Assessment

Instructions: Read the following test items below. Write the letter of the correct answer in your
quiz notebook.

1. It is the process of buying and selling products.

a. Capturing b. Harvesting c. Marketing

2. The use of social media to market your animal and fish farm products and services.
a. selling through cooperatives
b. selling through the internet
c. direct selling

3. This is a very convenient way to generate income since there is no extra cost for rent. All your
selling transactions can be done within your farm.
a. Direct farm sales
b. Selling through restaurant
c. Selling to retailer

4. You should be on the lookout for events such as livestock auction markets or similar events in
your area where people from nearby provinces come to buy livestock direct from raisers
themselves.
a. Selling through middleman
b. Farm to market
c. Farmers Market

5. A person who buy goods from animal and fish raisers and sells them to retailers or other
consumers.
a. Middleman b. Customer c. Harvester

Lesson Computes the Income Earned from

Marketed Products
3
(Gross Sale – Expenses = Net income)

What I Know
Pre-Test: Instructions: Read the following test items below. Select the correct answer from the
given choices.
1. The money spent on something for expenditure purposes.
A. Money B. Expenses C. Income D. Sales

2 The total value of a company's sales before an amount has been subtracted for costs such
as returned, damaged, or missing goods, and any price reduction, taxes, etc.
A. profit B. Gross Sale C. Income D. Sales

3. The balance of gross sales remaining after deducting trade discounts, returned sales,
and sales allowances.
A. Gross Sales B. Expenses C. Income D. Net Sales
4. You sold your pig in a buyer at a price of 120 per kilo, if your pig weighs 90 kgs. How
much is your sell?
A. 10,560 B. 10,800 C. 9,570 D. 9,590

5. You bought 5 piglets at a price of 2000 each. After 4 months you sold it at the amount
of 34,000 pesos, how much is your gain?
A. 25,000 B. 24,000 C. 37,400 D. 15,000

Definition of Terms
Gross Sale the total value of a company's sales before an amount has
been subtracted for costs such as returned, damaged, or missing goods,
and any price reductions, taxes, etc.:
Net Sales the balance of gross sales remaining after deducting trade discounts,
returned sales, and sales allowances.
Expenses the cost required for something; the money spent on something

Income is money that an individual or business receives in exchange for providing

a good or service or through investing capital
Profit a financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and
the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something

What’s In

Instructions: Read the following questions below. Write check (/) if the statement is correct and
write (x) if it is wrong.
_______1. Online marketing is also known as internet marketing.
_______2. Wholesaling is the sale of goods and commodities to retailers.
_______3. Merchants are anyone who are involve in business or trade.
_______4. Product sampling is the only effective way of selling
_______5. Business is an occupation or trade.

What is It
Computing for Profit of Animal Products Marketed
It is recommended to know the present market price of the products to be sold to ensure
not to lose money in the process. Live animals are usually sold according to weight. The price
depends upon the present rate per kilo. It is important to record your expenses and sales. This will
help animal raiser, to know whether there is gain or loss in the business venture.
Let us compute expenses of this sample project and know how much we generate from the it.
Selling Price – Cost / Expenses in Project = Income
Animals/fish raised: 5 piglets bought for 1,800.00
Materials:
Wood for pigpen 810.00
Nipa 3,000.00
Hollow Block 3,000.00
Gravel and Sand 2,100.00
Cement 1,075.00
Nails 27.00
Labor 3,000.00
Feeds 6,900.00

Summary
Cost of Animals 5 x 1,800 = 9,000
Expenses + = 19,912
Cost/Expenses: 28,912
Price: 110 pesos /kilo
Weight of Pig: 110 kilos after 4 months

5 pigs x 110kls x110pesos = 60,500 ------------- Gross Sales

Gross Sales – Expenses = Income

60,500 – 28,912 = 31,588 pesos is your income or net profit

Another example computation for the income of a backyard fishpond doing a grow out
operation.
Assuming that there is an existing small fishpond in your backyard, and you bought 3,000
fingerlings of tilapia at 5.00 each which you intend to grow and sell after 6 months. In
cases where no infrastructure has been built yet, construction cost (labor and materials)
or rent of facilities should be taken into consideration.

Given:
3,000 fingerlings at 5.00
Cost of feeds 2,000/month (x 6 months)
A six-month-old tilapia ready for selling (aver. of .25kg/piece assuming price per kilo is
100.00).
(5.00/fingerlings) x (3,000 heads) = 15,000.00 (cost to buy fingerlings)
(2,000 food allowance/month) x (6 months) = 12,000.00 (cost of food for 3,000 growing
tilapias)
(.25 kg ideal selling weight at 6 months old) x (3,000 tilapias) x (100.00/kilo) = 75,000.00
75,000.00 (selling price of 3,000 tilapias grown after 6 months) -(less)
15,000.00 (cost of 3,000 fingerlings as starter) -(less)
12,000.00 (cost of food for 6 months)
48,000.00 (income in 4 months or 8,000.00 per month)

What’s More
Compute the income of the following situation: Show your solution.
Number of catfish Fingerlings:
3000 fingerlings for 5 pesos each
Total Cost of Expenses: 20,000 for 5 months
Price of Products: 130.00/kilo
Number of kilos Harvested 450 kilos
Selling Price ________________ cost/expenses___________________
Income__________________________________

What I Have Learned

How to compute income, expenses and gains? The simplest formula to compute for profit or gains:
Total Income – Total Expenses = Net Profit or Net Income
Total expenses - includes all costs related to the sale transactions such as production costs,
marketing and all other incidental expenses.
Total income – sales of goods
 What I Can
o
What have you learned from the people you interviewed?
_________________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your quiz notebook.
1. Redi bought 6 piglets at a price of 1800 each. After 4 months he sold it at the amount of
72,000 pesos, how much is his gain?
A. 65,400 B. 61,200 C. 67,400 D. 65,000

2. John bought 4 piglets cost 10,000, for 4 months they consumed 21,000 pesos of feeds. How
much is his total expenses of his project?
A. 31,000 B. 41,400 C. 13,000 D. 42,400

3. Dan raised 6 heads of goats at a cost of 12600 pesos, after 18 months he sold it all at a cost
of 36,000 pesos. How much is his gain in every month?
A. 11,000 B. 12,000 C. 23,400 D. 24,000

4. Mang Rico raised 20 piglets at a cost of 1800 per piglet. Each piglet consumes 2 sack
of feeds cost 1600 per sack in two months. After two months Mang Rico sold his 20
piglets that weighs 1450 kilograms at a price of 105 per kilo. How much is Mang
Rico’s gain in his 20 piglets?
A. 100,000 B. 171,600 C. 84,250 D. 61,700
5. Mendez family harvested 45 chicken cost 180 each, 15 ducks cost 130 each, how much did
they sell all in all?
A. 7,000 B. 10,050 C. 10,100 D. 7,150

Lesson
Prepare Plan for Expansion of Animal-
4 Raising Venture

What’s New

There are things to be considered in planning for expansion of the family’s animal-raising
venture.

• Additional land for the expected number of animals to be added

• Housing for the animals
• Utilities such as water and electricity
• Additional production or purchase of feeds
• Additional workers to take care of the animals
• Expanded health and simulation provision for the animals and for the community
• Expansion of the market for the animals and their by-products
 All the requirements above will require expenses so the family should be ready with
additional capital to defray expenses.

What is It
As with every business venture, your success is reliant on your vision and drive. As a
livestock farmer, you must be hardworking, dedicated, and knowledgeable about the animals you
are raising. Long-term growth and success requires a proactive nature and a passion for learning.
Due to the intricacies of this industry, one’s ego must be set aside, with entrepreneurs embracing
the knowledge other farmers have to offer.
What is the growth potential for an animal husbandry business?
For as long as humans exist on this Earth, there will be a need for food. The two primary
sources of food are animals and crops. Out of the various divisions of the agricultural industry,
animal husbandry is the most profitable. Growth is reliant on acreage and market need, with many
farmers opting to expand their businesses.
The animal raising or fish farming industry can lead to different entrepreneurial endeavors
ranging from the sale of live animals and fish to the production of by-products including meat.

What’s More

List down some requirements in preparing plan for animal-raising venture.

Prepare a Plan for expansion of the Family’s Animal-Raising Venture.

Required Items in Planning Unit of Measure Budgetary Requirements

1. Additional Land / Area Ex: 200 sq. meter
2. Housing for the Animals Ex: 2 units
3. Water Ex: 1 unit water
pump
4. Purchase of Feeds Ex: 20 sacks for 3
months
5. Additional Caretaker Ex: 1 person
6. Medicine Supplies Ex: Assorted
supplies
7. Electricity Ex: 500. monthly
bill
Total------------------------

What I Have Learned

Prepare plan for expansion of Family’s Animal-Raising Venture. This time you will
prioritize some skills and attitudes that will help you build a successful animal raising
project. Write Y if you think that the skill is important and N if not important.

Skills and Attitudes in Planning Important Unimportant

(Y) (N)
1. Good Planner
2. Problem Solver
3. Hard Worker
4. Lacks initiative
5. Vigilant
6. Exhibit Expertise
7. Good Manager
8. Impatient
 What I Can Do

After preparing a plan for expansion of Family’s Animal-Raising Venture, make a

list of the following:

1. The kind of animal you want to raise.

2. List of materials you will need to start the project.
3. List of the possible expenses of the project.
4. List of skills and attitudes of the manager and caretaker required in raising
animal.

Assessment
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. When does a farmer likely plan an expansion of business project?

A.) If the animals raised multiplied its numbers.
B.) When wet season
C.) If farmer can own larger land area
D.) If farmer is successful at the start of his animal-raising venture.

2. In order to succeed, a livestock farmer must be _________.

A.) Hardworking, dedicated and knowledgeable
B.) Dedicated, knowledgeable and naughty
C.) Knowledgeable, diligent and generous
D.) Generous, dedicated and diligent

3. _____________ raising is one of the sources of livelihood of many Filipinos today.

A.) Swine
B.) Plant
C.) Goat
D.) Animal

4. This bred comes from New Jersey. It has dark red and golden yellow color. It is also a
good producer of milk and has good mothering characteristics.
A.) Duroc
B.) Hampshire
C.) Yorkshire
D.) Landrace

5. For more information about varieties of hogs to raise, consult the Bureau of _______
Industry.
A.) Plant
B.) Animal
C.) Mining
D.) Trade