REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

MIMAROPA REGION
DIVISION OF PALAWAN
RIO TUBA, BATARAZA PALAWAN

STUDENTS ABSENTEEISM AND ITS IMPLICATION TO ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE

INCOMPLIANCE WITH THE CURRICULAR RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS IN

RESERCH II RESEARCH PAPER

BY:
ERA, JHON JASON D.
PILIN, EDZMAR S.
MUTTAAL, AMRAN B.
SAGUKOM, KENNETH THROY N.
ADAY, DANNY BOY M.
BONBON, ANGELIC LOREANE V.
BERSABAL, MARY JESILLE JOY B.
ASGALI, MICAH JARYZA S.

JANUARY 2024

PAIRUJA SALI
RESEARCH TEACHER
 APPROVAL SHEET
This undergraduate research entitled “STUENDTS ABSENTEISM AND ITS
IMPLICATION TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE” prepared and submitted
by Jhon Jason D. Era, Edzmar S. Pilin, Amran B. Muttaal, Kenneth Throy N.
Sagukom, Danny Boy M. Aday, Angelic Loreane V. Bonbon, Mary Jessille B.
Bersabal, Micah Jaryza S. Asgali in partial compliance of the requirements
Research has been examined and recommended for approval.

PARUJA SALI
Research Teacher

Accepted and approved in partial compliance of the requirements

for Practical Research 2 of the Grade 12 General Academic Strand of Rio
Tuba National High School

Approved:

PAIRUJA SALI
Research Teacher
Date: ______________
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Any project like this is always a team effort. Theres is no way the researchers could pay

back the many people who have encouraged and assisted the researchers in their continuing quest

to make meetings more effective, in doing so, the researchers would like to extend their gratitude

and overwhelmed appreciation to the following person who have extend their assistance in making

this research study.

Ms. Marecel C. Lucero their dear adviser for her untiring effort, support, and guidance in

the completion of this study.

Ms. Pairuja Sali, their mentor, for his encouraging advice to pursue this research study.

Our parents, for giving us inspirational courage. And financial support to do this research

study.

Our great creator, the Almighty God for giving us strength and wisdom.

The Researchers
 ABSTRACT

This research aims to delve into the multifaceted issue of student absenteeism at Rio Tuba

National High School (RTNHS) and explore its underlying causes and potential implications on

academic performance and overall student well-being. The study employs a mixed-methods

research design, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods to provide

a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon.

The research begins with an extensive literature review to contextualize the study within

the broader educational landscape, highlighting the various factors influencing student attendance

patterns. Subsequently, surveys and interviews will be conducted with students, teachers, and

parents to gather insights into the specific circumstances contributing to absenteeism at RTNHS.

Attendance records and academic performance data will also be analyzed to identify any

correlations or patterns.

The findings of this research will contribute to the development of targeted interventions

and strategies aimed at addressing the root causes of absenteeism in the school setting.

Additionally, the study seeks to shed light on the potential consequences of frequent student

absences, such as lower academic achievement and increased likelihood of disengagement from

school activities.

By unraveling the complexities surrounding student absenteeism at RTNHS, this research

aspires to inform educational policymakers, school administrators, and other stakeholders about

the importance of implementing evidence-based interventions to foster a more conducive learning

environment. Ultimately, the goal is to enhance the overall educational experience for students at
Rio Tuba National High School and contribute valuable insights to the broader discourse on

student attendance in educational settings.

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALE

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Education is a crucial component in the development of individuals and societies, serving

as a foundation for personal growth and societal progress. However, one persistent challenge faced

by educational institutions worldwide is student absenteeism. Absenteeism, defined as the habitual

and intentional non-attendance of students at school, can have detrimental effects on academic

performance, social development, and future opportunities.

Student absenteeism has a direct correlation with academic performance. Regular

attendance is crucial for the effective delivery of educational content, understanding of concepts,

and successful completion of coursework. Investigating the reasons behind increased absenteeism

at Rio Tuba National High School will enable the identification of potential barriers to academic

success and the implementation of targeted interventions to address these issues.

Rio Tuba National High School, located in Rio Tuba Bataraza Palawan, has experienced a

noticeable increase in student absenteeism in recent years. This trend raises concerns about the

factors contributing to this issue and its potential consequences on the overall educational

experience and outcomes for students. As such, a comprehensive investigation is essential to

understand the root causes and implications of student absenteeism in Rio Tuba National High

School.
 Education is not only about acquiring knowledge but also fostering social skills and

relationships. Regular school attendance facilitates interaction with peers and educators,

contributing to the overall social development of students. A rise in absenteeism may signal

underlying social challenges or disengagement that need attention. A thorough investigation will

help uncover these factors and allow for the development of strategies to enhance the social

environment within the school.

Education is a pathway to future opportunities, including higher education and

employment. Chronic absenteeism can hinder students' chances of pursuing further education or

entering the workforce successfully. Investigating the reasons behind absenteeism will allow the

school to implement targeted interventions to ensure that students are equipped with the necessary

skills and knowledge for future endeavors.

Identifying the causes of absenteeism early on enables the implementation of proactive

measures and support systems. By conducting a comprehensive investigation, Rio Tuba National

High School can develop tailored interventions to address specific challenges faced by students,

whether they be personal, familial, or community related. This approach can contribute to a more

supportive and inclusive learning environment.

Statement of the Problem

The primary problem addressed in this research is the escalating rate of student absenteeism

at Rio Tuba National High School. This phenomenon is characterized by a consistent pattern of

students intentionally missing classes without valid reasons. The consequences of absenteeism

extend beyond the immediate academic impact, affecting students' cognitive development,

interpersonal skills, and long-term prospects.

The research aims to address the following specific questions:

1. How does student absenteeism affect the academic performance of students at Rio Tuba

National High School?

2. What interventions or strategies are currently in place to address student absenteeism at

Rio Tuba National High School?

3. What further measures can be implemented to mitigate the negative impact of student

absenteeism on academic performance at Rio Tuba National High School?

4. How does the frequency and duration of student absences correlate with academic

achievement, including grades and standardized test scores, at Rio Tuba National High

School?

Scope and Delimitation

This study focuses to the implication of absenteeism to academic performance of RTNHS

students. This study will consider the students at Rio Tuba National High School for the school

year 2023-2024. The researcher will give surveys students about the topic. The survey will

determine the cause and effects of absenteeism to the academic performance of the student.
Definition of Terms

ABSENTEEISM- In this study it refers to the habit of staying away from school without

providing a genuine or any reason for not attending classes.

IMPLICATION- It encompasses the various ways in which absenteeism may influence

educational progress, achievements, and overall learning outcomes.

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE- In this study it refers to the measurable outcomes and

achievements of students in various educational activities and assessments.

CONSEQUENCES- In this study it refers to the effect, result, or outcome of something

occurring.

OPPORTUNITIES- In this study it refers to the chances for academic success and

personal development that students may miss or lose due to absenteeism.

LEARNERS- in this study it refers to the individuals engaged in the process of acquiring

knowledge, skills, and understanding.

ATTENDANCE- In this study it refers to the act of being present, regularly, or punctually,

in a particular place or event.

INTERVENTION - In this study it refers to the taking deliberate actions or implementing

strategies to address and improve a situation.

POTENTIAL BARRIERS - In this study it refers to the obstacles or challenges that may

hinder or impede the desired outcome.

 CHAPTER 2
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE & STUDIES

Absenteeism was an individual and unplanned action in the 1950s and 60s, it has turned
into an organized and planned group action since the 2000s, and group absenteeism constitutes
approximately 70-80% of absenteeism cases. Students who move away from social and cultural
life due to absenteeism and cannot recognize their peers may also be deprived of the desired gains
of informal education in school. While students interact with each other in the group they form
with their peers, they become social by learning to help, solidarity, cooperation, obey the rules,
and adopt the values of the group.

Hence, students who receive fewer hours of instruction during the school year are
disadvantaged in their learning, receive lower grades, perform more poorly on exams, and are more
likely to drop out after compulsory schooling (Morrissey et al., 2014).

The present study aims to advance our understanding of the association between school
absenteeism and students’ educational outcomes. Specifically, we investigate whether different
reasons for absenteeism (truancy, sickness, exceptional domestic circumstances, and family
holidays) vary in their association with students’ results in high-stakes examinations at the end of
secondary schooling—a stage of schooling for which more research on absenteeism is needed
(Kirksey, 2019)

Students frequently absent from school may also feel less integrated into their class and
struggle to participate in classroom activities and interactions with peers and teachers, which is
harmful to their learning (Korpershoek et al., 2020). While missing out on school, peer interactions
and directed learning and instruction are crucial for understanding negative associations between
school absence and academic achievement, it is also important to consider why students are absent
from school. Investigating specific reasons for absenteeism may help us understand whether other
mechanisms are at play in accounting for these negative associations.
On the one hand, sickness absence may be less negatively associated with students’ academic
achievement than other absenteeism forms. First, pupils who have been involuntarily sick may be
motivated to make up for the lost time and put more effort into engaging with missed lesson
content. Second, teachers and parents may be more willing to support students in catching up on
lesson content if students missed lessons due to authorized reasons such as sickness. On the other
hand, sickness absences may signal underlying health conditions, including mental health
problems that have a long-term impact on learning and achievement. Evidence shows that sickness
absences are associated with more doctor visits and unauthorized absences (Pijl et al., 2021),
 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The study was designed to the researchers will employ the Quantitative method and

descriptive design to determine the student’s absenteeism and its implication to academic

performance. this method will gather data about varying subjects and is undertaken when the

investigator probing or exploring the areas where little is known about research problem also the

benchmarking will employ to collect, analyze and summarize students absenteeism and its

implication to academic performance thus the descriptive quantitative research design which is a

quantitative research method attempts to collect quantifiable information for statistical analysis of

the population sample. This data aims to know why we should conduct this study it allows

gathering and collection of information and statistical analysis of numerical data.

Population and Samples

Target population is all the students at Senior high school of Rio tuba Nation High School

which are frequently incur absences.

Instrument and Data Collection Technique

The researchers use quantitative research method using Likert scale was used in order to

rate the effects of absenteeism on students’ performance.

All of the questions are close ended which are 15 in numbers. Time limit for filling the

questionnaire is 5-10 minutes. Further, researcher was collected the secondary data.
from article, books, website, and magazines.

The researchers use Co-relational study design and data is gathered by “random sampling”.

Both male and female students at Senior high School. Age 18 or above will be selected to fill the

questionnaires.

The students of other grade level of RTNHS are excluded. There are two variables

absenteeism is an independent variable students’ performance is a dependent variable.

Data Analysis

The data of this research were gathered and collected based on the descriptive survey form

approach. We, the researchers, created the survey composing of suitable questions. This included

the process of conducting and gathering data needed in the said research study.

ANNEXES

Research Instrument/Questionnaire
 RIO TUBA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
“RESEARCH PAPER SURVEY”
TITLE: Students Absenteeism and Its Implication to Academic Performance

“General Academic Strand Grade 12”

“Thank for agreeing to paticipate in this research study. This survey is designed to gather your
data about how absenteeism implicates the students academic performance. Your participation in
this study is voluntary, and all information provided will be kept strictly confidential.
Direction : the column if your answer is (5) strongly agree, (4) agree, (3) neutral, (2)
disagree, (1) strongly disagree
Section A: TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE CAUSE OF ABSENSEEISM (SOCIO-ECONOMIC)
STATEMENT 5 4 3 2 1
1. Financial constraints contribute to student absenteeism.
2. Lack of access to transportation affects attendance.
3. Unstable housing situations lead to absenteeism.
4. Insufficient access to educational resources affects attendance.
5. The distance between students' homes and the school
significantly affects their attendance.

Section B: TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE CAUSE OF ABSENSEEISM (SOCIAL)

STATEMENT 5 4 3 2 1
1. Peer pressure influences students to skip classes.
2. Bullying or harassment at school leads to absenteeism.
3. Lack of engagement with school clubs/activities affects
attendance.
4. Social media distractions contribute to absenteeism.
5. Family responsibilities impact students' attendance.

Section C: TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE CAUSE OF ABSENSEEISM (PSYCHOLOGICAL)

 STATEMENT 5 4 3 2 1
1. Anxiety or stress levels affect students' ability to attend classes.
2. Lack of motivation contributes to student absenteeism.
3. Poor time management skills lead to absenteeism.
4. Difficulty in adapting to academic pressure affects attendance.
5. Sleep disturbances or irregularities affect student attendance

Section C: TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE CAUSE OF ABSENSEEISM ACADEMIC)

STATEMENT 5 4 3 2 1
1. Difficulty in understanding academic material leads to student
absenteeism.
2. Lack of connection between classroom learning and real-life
application affects student attendance.
3. High workload or academic pressure leads to student absenteeism.
4. Lack of relevance or interest in the curriculum affects student
attendance..
5. Inadequate teacher support or guidance contributes to student
absenteeism.

FREQUENCY OF ABSENCES:

• Once a week
• Twice a week
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PISA 2015 Results (Volume II)

Policies and Practices for Successful Schools

The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) examines not just what

students know in science, reading and mathematics, but what they can do with what they know.

Results from PISA show educators and policy makers the quality and equity of learning outcomes

achieved elsewhere and allow them to learn from the policies and practices applied in other

countries. PISA 2015 Results (Volume II): Policies and Practices for Successful Schools, is one of

five volumes that present the results of the PISA 2015 survey, the sixth round of the triennial

assessment. It examines how student performance is associated with various characteristics of

individual schools and school systems, including the resources allocated to education, the learning
environment and how school systems select students into different schools, programmes and

classes.

PISA 2015 Results (Volume II) : Policies and Practices for Successful Schools | PISA | OECD iLibrary (oecd-

ilibrary.org)