Modern Physics 01

Shivalik Classes
Physics for IITJEE and NEET | Yashasvi 2024

Due Date :09/12/2024
Modern Physics_01 | Board Level
1. The transition of electron that gives rise to the formation of the second spectral line of the Balmer
series in the spectrum of hydrogen atom corresponds what ni and nf ?
2. Two beams, A and B whose photon energies are 3·3 eV and 11·3 eV respectively, illuminate a metallic
surface (work function 2·3 eV) successively. Find the ratio of maximum speed of electrons emitted
due to beam A to that due to beam B.
3. The work function for a photosensitive surface is 3·315 eV. Find the cut-off wavelength for
photoemission of electrons from this surface.
4. A proton and an alpha particle having equal velocities approach a target nucleus. They come
momentarily to rest and then reverse their directions. Find the ratio of the distance of closest
approach of the proton to that of the alpha particle.
5. Energy levels A, B and C of an atom correspond to increasing values of energy i.e. 𝐸𝐴 < 𝐸𝐵 < 𝐸𝐶 .
Let 𝜆1 , 𝜆2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜆3 be the wavelengths of radiation corresponding to the transitions C to B, B to A and
C to A, respectively. Find the relation between 𝜆1 , 𝜆2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜆3 .
6. An alpha particle approaches a gold nucleus in Geiger-Marsden experiment with kinetic energy K.
It momentarily stops at a distance d from the nucleus and reverses its direction. Then prove that
1
𝑑∝ .
𝐾
7. If the waves associated with a moving electron and a moving proton have the same wavelength.
What other physical quantity must be same due to the above information.
8. In the Balmer series of the hydrogen atom, as the wavelength of spectral lines decreases, what
observation are made on their closeness and intensity. Justify with reason.
9. State if the below statements are true or false:
a. In photoelectric effect, the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons increases with
increase in the intensity of the incident light.
b. Photoelectric current depends on the wavelength of the incident light.
c. Photoelectric current increases with an increase in intensity of incident radiation, for a given
frequency of incident radiation and the accelerating potential.
d. Increase in the intensity of incident radiation results in an increase in the number of
photoelectrons emitted per second and hence an increase in the photocurrent.
e. Photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light.
f. Photoelectric current is proportional to frequency of incident radiation.
g. An alpha particle is moving towards a gold nucleus . The impact parameter is maximum for
a scattering angle of 1800.
h. The impact parameter in an alpha particle scattering experiment does not depend upon the
atomic number of the target nucleus.
10. Draw the graph between the maximum kinetic energy (Km) of the emitted photoelectrons and the
frequency of incident radiation (f) for a given photosensitive surface of work function 𝜑.
11. Consider a neutron (mass m) of kinetic energy E and a photon of the same energy. Let 𝜆𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜆𝑝 be
the de Broglie wavelength of neutron and the wavelength of photon respectively. Obtain an
expression for 𝜆𝑛 /𝜆𝑝 .
Shivalik Classes | P-252 Second Floor, Shivalik Nagar, Haridwar | web: www.shivalikclasses.com | Mob: 9410179453
Shivalik Classes
Physics for IITJEE and NEET | Yashasvi 2024
12. Write the drawbacks of Rutherford’s atomic model. How dis Bohr remove them? Show that different
orbits of Bohr’s atom are not equally spaced.
13. (a) State any two properties of a nucleus.
(b) Why is the density of a nucleus much more than that of an atom?
(c) Show that the density of the nuclear matter is the same for all nuclei.
14. The carbon isotope 126𝐶 has a nuclear mass of 12·000000 u. Calculate the binding energy of its
nucleus. [Given mp = 1·007825 u; mn = 1·008665 u.]
15. State Bohr’s first and second postulates. Use them to derive the expression for the radius of 𝑛𝑡ℎ orbit
of an electron in a hydrogen atom. Also find the numerical value of Bohr’s radius 𝑎𝑜 .
16. An electron makes a transition from n = 2 level to n = 1 level in the Bohr model of a hydrogen atom.
Find the percentage change in its period of revolution.
1
17. de Broglie wavelength λ as a function of , for two particles of masses
√𝐾
m1 and m2 are shown in the figure. Here, K is the energy of the moving
particles
a. What does the slope of a line represent?
b. Which of the two particles is heavier?
c. Is this graph also valid for a photon?
Justify your answer in each case.
18. The minimum intensity of white light that our eyes can perceive is about 0.1 nWm-2. Calculate the
number of photons of this light entering our pupil (area 0.4 cm2) per second.
[Take average wavelength of white light = 500 nm and Plank’s constant = 6.6 x 10-34 Js]
19. (a) Define atomic mass unit (u).
20. (b) Calculate the energy required to separate a deuteron into its constituent parts (a proton and a
neutron). [Given: m(D) = 2.014102 u ; mH = 1.007825 u ; mn = 1.008665 u]
21. The ratio of de Broglie wavelength of proton and deuteron accelerated by potential Vp and Vd
𝜆 1 𝑉𝑝
respectively 𝜆𝑛 is 2 . Find the ratio of 𝑉 .
𝑝 𝑑
22. Draw the graph showing the variation of scattered particles detected (N) with the scattering angle
(θ) in the Geiger-Marsden experiment. Write two conclusions that you can draw from this graph.
Obtain the expression for the distance of closest approach in this experiment.
23. (a) Differentiate between nuclear fission and fusion.
94 92
(b) The fission properties of 239Pu are very similar to those of 235U .
94
How much energy (in MeV) is released if all the atoms in 1 g of pure 239 𝑃𝑢 undergo fission?
[The average energy released per fission is 180 MeV.]
24. Deuterium undergoes the following fusion reaction
2
1𝐻 + 21𝐻 → 32𝐻𝑒 + 10𝑛 + 3.27 𝑀𝑒𝑉
How long an electric bulb of 200 W will glow by using the energy released by 2g of deuterium.
25. The electron in hydrogen atom is revolving with the speed of 2.2 × 106 𝑚/𝑠 an orbit of radius 0.53 𝐴̇.
Calculate the initial frequency of light emitted by the electron using classical physics.
26. The threshold frequency of metal is 3.0 × 1014 𝐻𝑧. A beam of frequency 9.0 × 1014 𝐻𝑧 is incident on
the metal. Calculate (i) the work function (in eV) of the metal and (ii) the maximum speed of
photoelectron.
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