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    tu1

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    DuyNam Phan

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    tu1

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    DuyNam Phan
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    5 views13 pages

    tu1

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    DuyNam Phan

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    QUESTION 5: Designing single line diagram, control circuit for capacitor bank

    at the transformer bus bar, with automatic and manual switching mode (with on /
    off button on the outside of the cabinet or the board). Proposed smart
    compensation and active or passive harmonic filtering methods for the above
    project.
    AC power system provides 2 types of energy:
    + P: active power (kW)
    + Q: reactive power (kVar)
    According to statistics:
    + Induction 3-phase motor consumes 60  65% of the total reactive power of
    the power system.
    + The transformer consumes about 20  25% of the total reactive power of the
    power system.
    + Lines, reactance, and equipment consume about 10% of the total reactive
    power of the power system.
    Therefore, in order to avoid the loss of a large amount of reactive power, it is
    necessary to equip Q generators (compensation capacitors) directly to the load. Should
    be called reactive power compensation.
    Advantages of using Q-capacitors compensation:
    + Reduce power loss for the power system
    + No excess compensation, ensuring the desired compensation coefficient
    5.1. Design and calculate the reactive power of the compensation capacitor
    We have an formula:
    Qb=P tt ×(tan φ1−tan φ2 )
    + Qc : Compensation capacity
    + Ptt : Total active power of the calculated load (kW)
    + tan φ1: Before compensation
    + tan φ2: After compensation
    Parameter of calculations for workshop:
    + Ptt = 730.8 kW
    + Qtt = 343.2 kVar
    + Stt = 807.4 kVA
    Apply Power triangle and Power factor:

    FIGURE 1: Formula of Power triangle and Power factor


    Reference: https://emrecicek.net/en/blog-en/active-and-reactive-power/
    Ptt 730.8
    +cos φ1= = =0.905
    S tt 807.4
    According to EVN: cos φ>¿ 0.9 (EVN No.15/2014/TT-BCT)
    => Choose cos φ2=0.92
    + cos φ1=0.905 => sin φ 1=√ 1−(cos φ1 )2=0.425
    2

    + cos φ2=0.92 => sin φ 2=√ 1−(cos φ2 )2=0.392


    2

    sin φ1 0.425
    => tan φ1= = =0.47
    cos φ 1 0.905
    sin φ 2 0.392
    => tan φ2= = =0.426
    cos φ 2 0.92
    Calculate:
    Qc = Ptt × ( tan φ1−tan φ2 ) =730.2× ( 0.47−0.426 )=32.204 ≈ 32(kVar )
    Choose compensation capacitor for compensation cabinet:
    Mikro compensation capacitor
    + Code: MKC-445050KT
    + Size: 63 x 165 (mm)
    + Rated voltage: 440 V / 50Hz
    + Rated current: 39.4A
    + Phase: 3 phase
    + Nominal capacitance: 82.2 μF
    + Q0 = 5 kVar

    FIGURE 2: Catalog of MKC-445050KT compensation capacitor


    Reference: https://dien-congnghiep.com/upload/mikro/catalogue_tu_bu_mikro.pdf
    Qc (kVA) 32
    + Number of compensation capacitors: n = = =6 , 4 ≈ 7
    5(kVAR ) 5

    + Power compensation capacity: Qc =5 ×n=¿ 5 × 7 = 35 (kVar)


    FIG
    URE 3: Simulator graph download to machine part (24 hours)

    8 121
    08 10 12 13  16 16  18 18  23
    10 3
    P (kW) 50 120 125 80 125 120 50
    Q (kVar) 32.3 77.51 80.74 51.67 80.74 77.51 32.3
    Qb (kVar) 11 26.4 27.5 17.6 27.5 26.4 11
    Number of
    compensation 3 6 6 6 6 6 3
    capacitor
    Automatic 3 6 6 6 6 6 3

    5.2. Choose APFC for compensation cabinet:


    2 SK QR-X4 4 levels to controll compensation capacitor
    + Working limitation: +-15%
    + Voltage operation: 220VAC
    + Efficenicy: maximum 10VA
    + Frequency: 50Hz or 60Hz
    + Rated current: 5A
    FIGURE 4: SK QR-X4 4 levels control compensation capacitorReference:
    https://codienhaiau.com/product/bo-dieu-khien-tu-bu-sk-4-cap/
    5.3. Choose MCCB, Contactor and protective current transformer for
    compensation cabinet:
    Calculate CB protect for one compensation capacitor
    Qc 5
    I đm= = =7.22 ( A )
    √3 U đm √ 3× 0.4
    I CB=I đm ×1.5 ×1.5=7.22× 1.5 ×1.5=16.245 ( A)
    I cu ≥ S transformer × 1.5 ×25
    ¿> I cu ≥ 150 ×1.5 ×25=2812.5 ( A )=28.125 (k A )

    Choose 6 MCB of Schneider EasyPact EZC100B3015 3P

    FIGURE 5: Catalog of EZC100B3015 Schneider


    Reference: https://www.se.com/vn/vi/product/EZC100B3015/circuit-breaker-
    easypact-ezc100b-tmd-15a-3-poles-3d/
    Calculate CB protect for compensation cabinet
    I đm=6 × I đm of 1 capacitor=6 ×7.22=43.32 ( A )
    I CB=I đm ×1.5 ×1.5=43.32 ×1.5=64.98( A)
    I cu ≥ S transformer × 1.5 ×25
    ¿> I cu ≥ 150 ×1.5 ×25=5625 ( A )=5.625( k A )

    Choose 2 MCCB of Schneider EasyPact EZC100F3015 3P

    FIGURE 6: Catalog of EZC100F3100 Schneider


    Reference: https://www.se.com/vn/vi/product/EZC100F3100/circuit-breakereasypact-
    ezc100f-tmd-100a-3-poles-3d/
    Calculate MCCB protect for transformer to bus bar
    MBA
    In =S MBA × 1.5=75 ×1.5=112.5(A )
    I sc =I n ×25=112.5× 25=28.125 ( kA )

    Choose 4 MCCB of Schneider EasyPact EZC250H3125 3P


    FIGURE 7: Catalog of EZC250H3125 Schneider
    Reference:https://www.se.com/vn/vi/product/EZC250H3125/circuit-breaker-easypact-
    ezc250h-tmd-125a-3-poles-3d/?range=997-easypact-ezc&parent-subcategory-
    id=23859433&filter=business-4-low-voltage-products-and-
    systems&selectedNodeId=12144303882

    Calculate Contactor for compensation capacitor working automatic


    Qc 5
    I đm= = =7.22 ( A )
    √3 U đm √ 3× 0.4
    I MC =I đm ×1.5=7.22× 1.5=10.83( A)
    Choose 6 contactor of Contactor Schneider LC1D12M7 20A/220V 4P

    FIGURE 8: Catalog of contactor 20A/220V


    Reference:https://www.se.com/vn/en/product/LC1DT25M7/contactor-tesys-deca-4p4-
    no-ac1-440v-25a-220vac-50-60hz-coil-screw-clamp-terminal/
    Calculate bus bar
    Qc ×1000 126.9 ×1000
    I= = =183.16 ( A )
    √3 U đm √ 3 ×400
    I n=I × 1.5=183.16 × 1.5=274.74 ( A )

    ➔ Choose busbar 4 x 40 x 4000mm, cross-section 185mm2

    Reference: https://www.busbar-vn.com/2019/10/lua-chon-busbar-day-dan.html
     Choose KP-CT 250/5A-35mm
    + Current transformer ratio: 250/5A
    + Inner diameter: 35mm
    + Capacity: 5VA
    + Accuracy level 0.5
    + Rated voltage: 600V

    FIGURE 7: KP-CT 250/5A


    Reference: https://codienhaiau.com/product/bien-dong-kp-ct-250-5a-35mm/
    5.4. Calculate wiring for compensation capacitor board
    -Wire connect from capacitor to MCB is 5kVar Voltage is 400V, so I choose 2.5mm2
    Copper cross-section cores. (3*1C*2.5mm2)
    -Wire connect with 3 capacitors to MCCB is 15kVar Voltage is 400V, so I choose
    4mm2 Copper cross-section cores. (3*1C*4mm2)
    FIGURE 9: Electrical Installation Guide 2018 cross section of
    each compensation capacitor

    5.5. Effective harmonic filtering solution for workshops


    Because the workshop is mainly motor loads and is controlled and started by
    DOL type, Start/Delta, Soft Starter and Variable Speed. Because many motors use
    type starter Soft Starter and Variable Speed drives have significantly increased the
    problem of internal harmonics factory supply system.
    So I choose low voltage reactor with 7% harmonic filter for 10kVAR 440V 50Hz
    capacitor: NSR- L7.442015
    FIGURE 10 :Nuintek capacitor NSR- L7.442015
    Reference: https://ple.vn/cuon-khang/cuon-khang-nuintek/nsr-l7-442010-detail.html

    5.6 CAD drawing

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