Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services—including servers, storage,

databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the Internet (“the
cloud”) to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale. You
typically pay only for cloud services you use, helping you lower your operating costs, run
your infrastructure more efficiently, and scale as your business needs change.

Top benefits of cloud computing

Cloud computing is a big shift from the traditional way businesses think about IT
resources. Here are seven common reasons organizations are turning to cloud
computing services:

Cost
• Moving to the cloud helps companies optimize IT costs. This is because cloud
computing eliminates the capital expense of buying hardware and software and
setting up and running onsite datacenters—the racks of servers, the round-the-
clock electricity for power and cooling, and the IT experts for managing the
infrastructure. It adds up fast.

Speed
• Most cloud computing services are provided self service and on demand, so even
vast amounts of computing resources can be provisioned in minutes, typically
with just a few mouse clicks, giving businesses a lot of flexibility and taking the
pressure off capacity planning.

Global scale
• The benefits of cloud computing services include the ability to scale elastically. In
cloud speak, that means delivering the right amount of IT resources—for example,
more or less computing power, storage, bandwidth—right when they’re needed,
and from the right geographic location.

Productivity
• Onsite datacenters typically require a lot of “racking and stacking”—hardware
setup, software patching, and other time-consuming IT management chores.
Cloud computing removes the need for many of these tasks, so IT teams can
spend time on achieving more important business goals.
Performance
• The biggest cloud computing services run on a worldwide network of secure
datacenters, which are regularly upgraded to the latest generation of fast and
efficient computing hardware. This offers several benefits over a single corporate
datacenter, including reduced network latency for applications and greater
economies of scale.

Reliability
• Cloud computing makes data backup, disaster recovery, and business continuity
easier and less expensive because data can be mirrored at multiple redundant
sites on the cloud provider’s network.

Security

• Many cloud providers offer a broad set of policies, technologies, and controls that
strengthen your security posture overall, helping protect your data, apps, and
infrastructure from potential threats.

Types of cloud computing

Not all clouds are the same and no single type of cloud computing is right for everyone.
Several different models, types, and services have evolved to help offer the right
solution for your needs.

First, you need to determine the type of cloud deployment, or cloud computing
architecture, that your cloud services will be implemented on. There are three different
ways to deploy cloud services: on a public cloud, private cloud, or hybrid cloud.

▪ Public cloud
Public clouds are owned and operated by third-party cloud service providers,
which deliver computing resources like servers and storage over the internet.
Microsoft Azure is an example of a public cloud. With a public cloud, all
hardware, software, and other supporting infrastructure is owned and managed
by the cloud provider. You access these services and manage your account
using a web browser.
▪ Private cloud
A private cloud refers to cloud computing resources used exclusively by a single
business or organization. A private cloud can be physically located on the
company’s onsite datacenter. Some companies also pay third-party service
providers to host their private cloud. A private cloud is one in which the services
and infrastructure are maintained on a private network.

▪ Hybrid cloud
Hybrid clouds combine public and private clouds, bound together by technology
that allows data and applications to be shared between them. By allowing data
and applications to move between private and public clouds, a hybrid cloud
gives your business greater flexibility and more deployment options and helps
optimize your existing infrastructure, security, and compliance.
 Uses of cloud computing

You’re probably using cloud computing right now, even if you don’t realize it. If you
use an online service to send email, edit documents, watch movies or TV, listen to
music, play games, or store pictures and other files, it’s likely that cloud computing
is making it all possible behind the scenes. A variety of organizations—from tiny
startups to global corporations, government agencies to non-profits—have
embraced cloud computing technology for all sorts of reasons.

Here are a few examples of what’s possible with cloud services from a cloud provider:

• Create cloud-native applications

Quickly build, deploy, and scale applications—web, mobile, and API. Take advantage
of cloud-native technologies and approaches, such as containers, Kubernetes,
microservices architecture, API-driven communication, and DevOps.

• Store, back up, and recover data

Protect your data more cost-efficiently—and at massive scale—by transferring your data
over the internet to an offsite cloud storage system that’s accessible from any location
and any device.

• Stream audio and video

Connect with your audience anywhere, anytime, on any device with high-definition video
and audio with global distribution.

• Deliver software on demand

Also known as software as a service (SaaS), on-demand software lets you offer the latest
software versions and updates to customers—anytime they need, anywhere they are.

• Test and build applications

Reduce application development cost and time by using cloud infrastructures that can
easily be scaled up or down.

• Analyze data
Unify your data across teams, divisions, and locations in the cloud. Then use cloud
services, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, to uncover insights for
more informed decisions.

• Embed intelligence
Use intelligent models to help engage customers and provide valuable insights from the
data captured.

Virtualization enables cloud providers to make maximum use of their data center
resources. Not surprisingly, many corporations have adopted the cloud delivery model
for their on-premises infrastructure so they can realize maximum utilization and cost
savings vs. traditional IT infrastructure and offer the same self-service and agility to
their end-users.
If you use a computer or mobile device at home or at work, you almost certainly use some
form of cloud computing every day, whether it’s a cloud application like Google Gmail or
Salesforce, streaming media like Netflix, or cloud file storage like Dropbox.
Key features of Cloud Computing:

• Agility: Helps in quick and inexpensive re-provisioning of resources.

• Location Independence: This means that the resources can be accessed from
everywhere.
• Multi-Tenancy: The resources are shared amongst a large group of users.
• Reliability: Resources and computation can be dependable for accessibility.
• Scalability: Dynamic provisioning of data helps in scaling.
Types of Cloud Computing
 Common examples of PaaS, SaaS, and IaaS
Platform Examples
PaaS AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Google App Engine, and Adobe Commerce
SaaS Gmail, Slack, and Microsoft Office 365
IaaS Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, and Google Compute Engine
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Cloud Computing Terms

▪ cloud
A metaphor for a global computing network of remote servers that run applications,
store data, and deliver content and services. The cloud enables data to be accessed
online from internet-enabled devices, rather than solely from local computers.
▪ cloud u
A configuration between a private cloud and a public cloud to manage demand for
cloud resources. If 100 percent of the resource capacity in a private cloud is used,
overflow traffic is directed to the public cloud using cloud bursting.

▪ cloud co u
A delivery model for computing resources in which various servers, applications, data,
and other resources are integrated and provided as a service over the internet.
Resources are often virtualized, and users typically only pay for the services they use.

▪ cloud co u y
Although many cloud computing types exist, the three most popular ones are software
as a service (SaaS) for web-based applications, infrastructure as a service (IaaS) for
internet-based access to storage and computing, and platform as a service (PaaS) to
give developers the tools to build and host web applications.

▪ cloud f uc u
The hardware and software components used to deliver cloud computing services
over the internet. These components include servers, storage, networking equipment,
and virtualization technology.

▪ cloud o
T e pro ess o mo ng some or o omp n ’s resour es o one or mu p e
locations in the cloud. Although cloud migration often entails moving resources from
on-prem ses o ons o ou pro er’s ser ers n so en mo ng resour es
between clouds.

▪ cloud o fi
The benefits of cloud migration are myriad. They include optimized IT costs, greater
flexibility and scalability, enhanced security and compliance, improved business
continuity, and simplified resource management and monitoring.

▪ cloud o d
A third-party company that offers cloud computing services and resources, typically
on a pay-per-use basis. Well-known cloud providers include Microsoft Azure, Google
Cloud Platform, and Amazon Web Services.

▪ cloud c o d
A company that provides a cloud-based platform, infrastructure, application, or
storage service, usually for a fee.

▪ cloud o
Groups of networked computers that act together to perform large tasks, such as
analyzing huge sets of data and weather modeling. Cloud computing lets you use vast
computer grids for specific time periods and purposes, paying only for your usage, and
saving the time and expense of purchasing and deploying the necessary resources
yourself.

▪ co u d
A service that allows you to store, access, and manage data on an offsite storage
system maintained by a third party. Cloud storage systems are typically scalable to an
n u 's or org n on’s nee s
▪ container
A un o so re groups n pp on’s o e e on gur on es
libraries, and dependencies it needs to run. Containers allow IT teams to deploy
applications across different environments with minimal adjustments.

▪ d l k
A type of data repository that captures both relational and nonrelational data from a
variety of sources. Unlike a data warehouse, which can only store structured data, a
data lake can store semi-structured and unstructured data in addition to structured
data.

▪ d o
Transferring data from one storage location, like an on-premises server, to a different
location, like the server of a cloud provider. Data migration encompasses selecting,
preparing, extracting, and transferring data from one computer storage system to
another.

▪ d w hou
A central storage location for structured and semi-structured data used for reporting
and analysis. Information can be sent to a data warehouse from a variety of sources,
including point-of-sale systems, applications, and relational databases.

▪ d h d
A type of partitioning that lets you divide a large database into smaller databases,
which can be managed faster and more easily across servers.

▪ d co u
A e no og o s In erne o T ngs (IoT) e es o pro ess e “e ge”
of a network, either by the device itself or by a local server. This improves response
time on remote devices and allows businesses to get more timely insights from device
data.

▪ l c co u
The ability to dynamically provision and de-provision computer processing, memory,
and storage resources to meet changing demands without worrying about capacity
planning and engineering for peak usage.

▪ d co u
A service that uses a group of networked computers working together as a virtual
supercomputer to perform large or data-intensive tasks.

▪ I of Th (IoT)
The Internet of Things, or IoT, refers to equipment, machines, products, and devices
that are connected to the cloud and configured to collect and securely transmit data.
IoT helps many industries analyze data and make informed decisions about it in real
time. Learn more.

▪ Ku
An open-source orchestration software that helps you deploy, manage, and scale
containers.
▪ Ku . Dock
Docker is an open-source technology and container file format for automating the
deployment of applications in containers. Kubernetes is open-source orchestration
so re pro es n API o on ro o n ere on ners run W e ere’s
a common misconception that you must choose between Kubernetes and Docker,
they usually work well together.

▪ ddl w
Software that lies between an operating system and the applications running on it.
Middleware enables communication and data management for distributed
applications. Examples include web servers, application servers, and content
management systems. Learn more.

▪ ul cloud
Multicloud is the practice of using the services of multiple cloud providers to optimize
workload performance, increase flexibility, and mitigate the risks of relying on any one
vendor.

▪ c l ou . c l u
Vertical scaling (scaling up) lets you increase or decrease computing power or
databases as needed. Horizontal scaling (scaling out) entails adding more databases
or dividing a large database into smaller nodes, using a data partitioning approach
called sharding.

▪ l co u
A computing model in which the cloud provider provisions and manages servers. It
enables developers to spend more time building apps and less time managing
infrastructure.

▪ u l ch ( M)
A computer file (typically called an image) that behaves like an actual computer.
Multiple virtual machines can run simultaneously on the same physical computer.

▪ u l wo k ( PN)
A virtual private network that establishes a connection between your computer and a
remote server owned by a VPN provider. This connection creates a point-to-point
tunnel that encrypts your personal data, masks your IP address, and lets you get
around website blocks and firewalls.

▪ u l o
The act of creating a virtual version of a computing environment, including computer
hardware, operating system, and storage devices. Organizations use virtualization to
turn a single physical computer into multiple virtual machines that share the resources
of the host machine.

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