Law251 - Exercises - 5

Lesson 5: Bill of Ladings
1) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Description of Bill of

Lading”?
a) A Bill of Lading (B/L) is a document issued by a Carrier to
acknowledge receipt of cargo for shipment.
b) Bills of Lading are one of three crucial documents used in international
trade to ensure that exporters receive payment and importers receive
the merchandise (the goods).
c) A Bill of Lading is a standard-form document that is transferable by
endorsement (or by lawful transfer of possession).
d) These International Rules require that the Carrier (Ship owner) must
issue to the Shipper (Cargo owner) a "Bill of Lading" identifying the
nature, quantity, quality and leading marks of the goods.
e) None of the above
2) Which of the following is correct regarding the “Description of the Bill of

Lading”?
a) A document issued by a carrier (or his agent) to acknowledge receipt
of cargo for shipment.
b) A document issued by a shipper (or his agent) to acknowledge receipt
of cargo for shipment.
c) A document issued by the seller to confirm receipt of cargo for
shipment.
d) A document issued by the buyer to confirm receipt of the cargo for
shipment.
3) Who issues the Bill of Lading?

a) The Shipper
b) The Carrier
c) The Broker
d) The Buyer
4) Which of the following is wrong regarding the Bill of Lading?

a) The Bill of Lading is as a receipt issued by the carrier once the goods
have been loaded onto the vessel;
b) The Bill of Lading is a document which can be used as an evidence of
the Contract of Carriage;
c) The Bill of Lading is a document of title, showing the ownership of
cargo;
d) The Bill of Lading is a document used for Voyage Charter.
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5) Which of the following is wrong regarding the main functions of the Bill
of Lading?
a) Bill of Lading is a Cargo Receipt
b) Bill of Lading is an evidence of the Contract of Carriage
c) Bill of Lading is a Document of Title
d) Bill of Lading is a Receipt for the cargo discharged
6) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Roles and Purposes of

Bills of Lading”?
a) Bill of Lading is Cargo Receipt
b) Bill of Lading is Evidence of the Contract of Carriage
c) Bill of Lading is a Document of Title
d) Bill of Lading is Charter Party Document
7) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading as a

Document of Title”?
a) The Bill of Lading is used as a “Document of Title” (showing the
ownership of cargo).
b) Bill of Lading is Evidence of the “Contract of Carriage”
c) The Bill of Lading is particularly relevant to the case of Seller and
Buyer relations.
d) When the Buyer is entitled to receive goods from the Carrier, Bill of
Lading in this case performs as "Document of Title" for the goods.
8) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading as a

a) The cargo should be delivered only to one specific Consignee
(receiver) indicated on the Bill of Lading.
b) In case of a Straight Bill of Lading is issued to a named Consignee, this
Bill of Lading is not negotiable.
c) In case of an Order Bill of Lading the situation is the opposite from a
Straight Bill of Lading, and there is no specific or named consignee.
d) An Order Bill of Lading cannot be negotiated to a third party.
9) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading As a

a) Bill of Lading is particularly relevant to the case of Seller and Buyer
relations.
b) When the Buyer is entitled to received goods from the Carrier, Bill of
Lading in this case performs as "Document of Title" for the goods.
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c) There are two types of Bill of Lading that can perform as Document of
Title.
d) These are Straight Bill of Lading and On-board Bill of Lading.
10) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading As a

a) In case of a Straight Bill of Lading is issued to a named Consignee
(receiver), this Bill of Lading is not negotiable.
b) The cargo should be delivered only to one specific Consignee
(receiver) indicated on the Bill of Lading.
c) In case of an Order Bill of Lading the situation is the opposite from a
Straight Bill of Lading, and there is no specific or named consignee
(receiver).
d) Therefore, an Order Bill of Lading cannot be negotiated to a third
party.
11) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Types of Bills of

Lading”?
a) On-board Bill of Lading
b) Received for shipment Bill of Lading
c) Claused Bill of Lading
d) Mate’s Receipt
12) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Types of Bills of

Lading”?
a) Straight Bill of Lading
b) Order Bill of Lading
c) Clean Bills of Lading
d) Letter of Indemnity
e) Claused Bills of Lading
13) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Received-for-Shipment

Bill of Lading”?
a) A Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading denotes (shows) that the
goods have been received, but is not guaranteed that already have been
loaded onto a ship.
b) A Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading; will be issued by a Customs
Officer at a port or depot of Tramp Service Agent.
c) A Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading; will be issued by a freight-
forwarder at a port or depot of Tramp Service Agent.
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d) Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading can be converted to On-board
Bill of Lading upon being loaded.
e) All of the above
14) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Received-for-Shipment
Bill of Lading”?
a) A Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading denotes (shows) that the
goods has been received, but is not guaranteed to have already been
loaded onto a ship.
b) A Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading; will be issued by a freight-
forwarder at a port or depot.
c) Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading can be converted to On-board
Bill of Lading upon being loaded.
d) A Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading can be negotiated to a third
party.
15) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Order Bill of Lading”?
a) An "Order Bill of Lading" is used when the Shipper (Cargo owner)
asks the Carrier to deliver the goods to the importer (buyer) before
payment.
b) In the approval of the exporter (seller), the Carrier may transfer the
goods to the importer (the buyer).
c) At this situation the title of goods passes to the exporter.
d) The importer (buyer) here is the one, holding the Bill of Lading
16) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Claused Bills of

Lading”?
a) Claused Bill of Lading denotes that merchandise (cargo) has incurred
damage prior to being received by the carrier (ship owner).
b) A Claused Bill of Lading will have a statement (clause) written onto
the Bill of Lading, noting down any damage or other issues.
c) Letters of Credit usually will not allow for Claused Bill of Lading and
the buyer is not obliged to accept any Bill of Lading that is not clean.
d) Claused Bill of Lading show that cargo is in good condition upon
being received by the carrier (ship owner).
17) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Letter of Indemnity”?

a) Letter of Indemnity (LoI) (Letter of guarantee) is often offered by the
shipper promising to indemnify the Master or the Carrier against any
loss or liabilities as a consequence of signing a ‘Clean Bill of Lading.
b) However, acceptance of a Letter of Indemnity for a Clean Bill of
Lading makes the Master to an act of deception (trick, cheat) or fraud
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on banks, consignee/buyer, and insurer, since it is an attempt to obtain
payment for goods knowing them to be unsound (goods not in good
condition).
c) A Master must consult his Owners and the "P&I Club" if he is in
doubt.
d) Master may accept a Letter of Indemnity without the written orders
from his owners.
18) In the following are two items of the different types of Printed Bills of
Lading. Write another two.
a) Short-form Bill of Lading
b) Combined transport Bill of Lading
c) …………………………………………………………
d) …………………………………………………………
19) In the following are two items of the different Types of Bills of Lading. Write
another two.
a) Short-form Bill of Lading;
b) Combined transport Bill of Lading;
c) …………………………………………………………
d) …………………………………………………………

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Lesson 5: Bill of Ladings

1) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Description of Bill of

2) Which of the following is correct regarding the “Description of the Bill of

3) Who issues the Bill of Lading?

4) Which of the following is wrong regarding the Bill of Lading?

6) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Roles and Purposes of

7) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading as a

8) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading as a

9) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading As a

10) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Bill of Lading As a

11) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Types of Bills of

12) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Types of Bills of

13) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Received-for-Shipment

16) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Claused Bills of

17) Which of the following is wrong regarding the “Letter of Indemnity”?

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