UNIT 11: America (1960s-1970s) Exam 10) The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution resulted in:

a. President Johnson’s increased power to wage war

1) Domino Theory was the American belief that: b. Johnson to use all necessary force in Vietnam
a. Nations would fall like dominoes to communism c. LBJ’s authority in Vietnam without congress’s approval
b. Nations would reject communism like a falling domino d. A shift leading to more U.S. involvement in Vietnam
c. The Americans controlled other nations like dominoes e. All of the Above
d. The Soviets controlled other nations like dominoes
11) The Tet Offensive was an event that:
e. Both C and D
a. Was the only significant activity in Vietnam in 1968
2) JFK was president during all these events except: b. had hundreds of coordinated attacks by North Vietnam
a. The Cuban Missile Crisis c. showed U.S. protestors that the war was worth fighting
b. The Bay of Pigs Invasion d. Resulted in the Americans pulling out of the war that year
c. The building of the Berlin Wall e. All of the Above
d. The U-2 Incident
12) The My Lai Massacre was significant because:
e. The so-called “thirteen days”
a. It led to more war opposition from the American public
3) What is NOT part of John F. Kennedy’s legacy? b. It was an accurate depiction of how all U.S. soldiers act
a. Leading the U.S. through the Cuban Missile Crisis c. It showed how ruthless the North Vietnamese could be
b. landmark legislation (Civil Rights Act, Voting Rights Act) d. It showed how ruthless the South Vietnamese could be
c. A speech in Berlin after the building of the Berlin Wall e. It was the first soldier vs. soldier combat of the conflict
d. Escalating the U.S. involvement in the war in Vietnam
13) The Kent State Incident was significant because:
e. A popular young president that was to represent positive change
a. It was a depiction of how all National guardsmen act
4) The Bay of Pigs Invasion was a/an: b. It brought more negative attention to the Vietnam War
a. Invasion by Fidel Castro gaining him control of Cuba c. It brought Muhammad Ali into the anti-war movement
b. CIA-backed effort by Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro d. It revealed the truth about napalm and Agent Orange
c. Soviet attempt to smuggle ICBMs into Cuba e. It revealed the truth about the My Lai Massacre
d. Soviet attempt to smuggle MRBMs & IRBMs into Cuba
14) What is part of ending US involvement in Vietnam?
e. Both C and D
a. Vietnamization (Nixon replaced soldiers with Vietnamese)
5) These events were all from the Cuban Missile Crisis, except: b. Tet Offensive (gave Americans hope for a way out)
a. An American U-2 plane was shot down over Cuban airspace c. Gulf of Tonkin Incident (Johnson could pull out of the war)
b. A U.S. naval blockade stopped Soviet ships from reaching Cuba d. My Lai Massacre (it showed the war wasn’t worth fighting for)
c. Khrushchev and Kennedy sat down together to strike a deal e. All of the Above
d. The Soviet agreed to remove the missiles
15) Which leader did NOT increase US troops in Vietnam?
e. U.S. agreed to remove missiles from Turkey, and never invade Cuba
a. Eisenhower b. Kennedy c. Johnson d. Nixon e. None of them did
6) What is NOT part of Lyndon B. Johnson’s legacy?
16) The Vietnam War was not a war:
a. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which gave him war power
a. that was considered a theater of the Cold War
b. landmark legislation (Civil Rights Act, Voting Rights Act)
b. between communism and anti-communism
c. Winning two presidential elections after replacing JFK
c. in which the United States lost
d. Escalating the U.S. involvement in the war in Vietnam
d. in which the Americans declared war on North Vietnam
e. Considered successful with domestic policy, but not foreign policy
e. That was unpopular in the U.S.
7) What is NOT part of Richard Nixon’s Legacy?
17) The Secret War most accurately refers to:
a. Détente and Ping Pong Diplomacy
a. Hmong who fought communist insurgents for the U.S.
b. Vietnamization (ending U.S. involvement in Vietnam)
b. The Vietcong insurgents inside South Vietnam
c. The Watergate Scandal and subsequent resignation
c. The underground tunnels used by the Vietcong
d. Escalating the U.S. involvement in the war in Vietnam
d. The civil war in Cambodia
e. Considered successful with foreign policy, but not domestic policy
e. The civil war in Laos
8) What is NOT part of Gerald Ford’s Legacy?
18) Détente was a cooling of tensions between:
a. Continuing Nixon’s Détente and Ping Pong Diplomacy
a. The Soviets and the Americans, championed by Nixon
b. Giving an executive Pardon to Richard Nixon
b. The Soviets and the Chinese, championed by Brezhnev
c. Restoring trust in the White House, healing America
c. The Chinese and Americans, championed by Reagan
d. Escalating the U.S. involvement in the war in Vietnam
d. The Soviets, Chinese & Americans, championed by Mao
e. Unable to win a presidential election on his own
e. The Soviets, Chinese & Americans, championed by Khrushchev

9) What is NOT part of Jimmy Carter’s Legacy? 19) Ping Pong Diplomacy was the name given to:
a. Iran Hostage Crisis a. Improved Soviet-American relations
b. Humanitarian efforts b. Improved Soviet-Chinese relations
c. Escalating conflicts in the Middle East c. Improved Chinese-American relations
d. Mandated a boycott of the Moscow Olympics d. Improved Chinese-Soviet-American relations
e. Stagnation, Inflation, oil shortages e. All of the above
20) North Vietnam’s leader was ____, and South Vietnam’s was ____
a. Ngo Dinh Diem … Ho Chi Minh c. The U.S. learned better technology/money doesn’t guarantee victory
b. Ho Chi Minh … Ngo Dinh Diem d. The U.S. would never again get involved in foreign affairs
c. Dien Bien Phu … Ngo Dinh Diem e. Both C and D
d. Dien Bien Phu … Ho Chi Minh 30) Which people group secretly fought for the U.S., hoping to gain
e. Ngo Dinh Diem … Dien Bien Phu their own lands in the case of an American victory?
21) Vietnam (and all of Southeast Asia) had a history of… a. The Hmong b. The Mien c. The Laotians
a. Colonization, at the hands of China and France d. The Cambodians e. The Khmer Rouge
b. Nationalism, successfully resting China and France
c. Militarism, successfully defeating China and France Use lyrics from Bruce Springsteen’s 1984 “Born in the USA” to answer Qs 31-35
d. Communism, joining with China against France
*Born down in a dead man's town, the first kick I took was when I hit the ground,
e. Imperialism, taking lands from China and France You end up like a dog that's beat too much, til you spend ½ your life covering up
22) The Soviets built the Berlin Wall in order to prevent… Born in the USA, I was born in the USA, I was born in the USA, Born in the USA
a. An American invasion of East Berlin **Got in a little hometown jam so they put a rifle in my hand, Sent me off to a
b. An American invasion of West Berlin foreign land to kill the yellow man
c. Kennedy from building up American defenses in West Berlin Born in the USA, I was born in the USA, I was born in the USA, Born in the USA
d. The division of Berlin ***Come back home to the refinery, Hiring man says "son if it was up to me"
e. East Germans from fleeing communism and heading to the West Went down to see my V.A. man, He said "son don't you understand now"

23) Why was the Ho Chin Mihn Trail important to the war effort?
& had a brother at Khe Sahn fightin’ off the Viet Cong they're still there he's all gone
a. It allowed communists to get troops and supplies to South Vietnam He had a woman he loved in Saigon, I got a picture of him in her arms now
b. It allowed the U.S. to get troops and supplies to South Vietnam Down in the shadow of penitentiary, Out by the gas fires of the refinery
c. It allowed South Vietnamese to get troops & supplies to the North I'm ten years burning down the road, Nowhere to run ain't got nowhere to go
d. It allowed for Ho Chi Minh to visit South Vietnam Born in the U.S.A., I was born in the U.S.A., Born in the U.S.A., I'm a long gone
e. It allowed for Ho Chi Minh to escape to North Vietnam daddy in the U.S.A. Born in the U.S.A., Born in the U.S.A., Born in the U.S.A., I'm a
cool rocking daddy in the U.S.A.
24) Which was NOT a way young men tried to avoid the draft?
a. Claiming physical disabilities 31) What is implied by the line with the double asterisk (**)?
b. Fleeing the country a. People were handing out guns on the streets back home
c. Dressing as women b. If you’re in trouble back home, you may enlist and fight in Vietnam
d. Going to college c. The police sent him to fight in Vietnam
e. Going to Canada d. The mayor sent him to fight in Vietnam
e. His wife sent him to fight in Vietnam
25) Why were some afraid of the mood reflected by Woodstock?
a. It put too much emphasis on music 32) In the section with the ampersand (&), his brother…
b. It was filled with music that offended most Americans a. Died
c. It represented a growing counter-culture that embraced sex, drugs, b. Found a Vietnamese woman
and rock and roll c. Fought in the Battle of Khe Sahn
d. Both A and B d. Is remembered in a physical photograph
e. All of the above e. All of the above

26) What did NOT happen in 1968 (the year everything changed)? 33) In the opening lyrics (*), it is most likely that the perspective…
a. MLK and Bobby Kennedy assassinated, Nixon was elected president a. Is from someone born in an affluent family
b. Apollo 6, 7, 8 launched, Planet of Apes premieres b. Comes from a professor teaching at the university level
c. Tet Offensive, My Lai Massacre, Battle of Khe Sanh c. Comes from a white-collar family
d. Apollo 8 orbits the moon, Black Power Olympic salute d. Is from someone with struggles, financially or otherwise
e. JFK and Malcolm X assassinated e. Both A and C

27) Why did LBJ choose NOT to run for another term as president? 34) What happened at the refinery (***)?
a. He was losing support as antiwar movements were growing a. He was offered a job
b. Nixon was too strong of an opponent b. He was denied a job
c. Bobby Kennedy was too strong of an opponent c. He was killed
d. He knew the U.S. would lose Vietnam, and didn’t want it on his record d. He killed someone
e. Republicans let him know that they would not support his candidacy e. He was given a promotion

28) What made the Khmer Rouge such a negative force in Cambodia? 35) The main chorus “born in the U.S.A.” is chanted to suggest that…
a. They frowned upon Western values a. Being born here guarantees a good life
b. They killed about 1.5 million people in their own country b. There are many struggles, despite being born in a land of opportunity
c. They sent all enemies to reeducation camps c. Being born here guarantees that you’ll be drafted
d. None of the above; the Khmer Rouge was in Laos d. Being born in the United States is the best country to be born in
e. None of the above; the Khmer Rouge was in Vietnam e. It is the proudest thing about his origins

29) What was one impact of the Vietnam War on the United States?
a. Vietnam veterans came home as heroes
b. Communism was stopped in Indochina