Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
27 views

Data Structures in Python

Uploaded by

deepgyan780
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
27 views

Data Structures in Python

Uploaded by

deepgyan780
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

DATA STRUCTURES IN PYTHON

Data Structures in Python :

 Lists

 Dictionary

 Tuples

 Sets
LISTS
 List is most versatile datatype available in Python, written as a list of comma-
separated values (items) between square brackets.
 Items in a list can be Heterogenous types(need not be of the same type).
 Lists are mutable
 Concatenation produces a new lists.

 Append function extends a list with a new value without changing it.
LISTS ARE MUTABLE
 A mutable object can be changed after it's created, and an immutable object
cannot be changed after its created.

 Examples of mutable objects are dictionary,lists etc

 Example of lists in mutable form is:


LIST FUNCTIONS
 list. append ( x) :Add an item to the end of the list.

 list. extend ( L): Extend the list by appending all the items in the given list.

 list. insert ( i, x): Insert an item at a given position.

 list. remove ( x) : Remove the first item


from the list whose value is x.
It gives an error if there is no such item.
LIST FUNCTIONS
 list. pop ( [i]): Remove the item at the given position in the list, and return it.

 list. clear ( ): Remove all items from the list. Equivalent to del a[:] .
Not supported in python 2.X.
 list.reverse(): Reverse a given list.
 list. index ( x): Return the index in the list of the first item whose value is x. It is an
error if there is no such item.

 list. count ( x): Return the number of times x appears in the list.

 list. sort ( ): Sort the items of the list in place.


USING LISTS AS STACKS
 We can also use lists as a stack in Python.

 Stack follows a property of last in first out(LIFO Rule).

 To add an item to the top of the stack, use append() .

 To retrieve an item from the top of the stack, use pop() without an explicit index.

 Example:
USING LISTS AS QUEUES
 Python also uses a list as a queue where the first element added is the first element
retrieved.
 Lists are not efficient when used as a queue.
 While appends and pops from the end of list are fast, doing inserts or pops from the
beginning of a list is slow.
 To implement a queue, use collections.deque which was designed to have fast
appends and pops from both ends.
 Example:
List Comprehensions
 List comprehensions is very similar to set theory or set builder form .
 List comprehensions provide a concise way to create a lists.
 Allows to build a new set from existing sets.
 Is an extension to the lists.
 Examples:
 Create a list of two tuples using list comprehension

 Flattens a list using a list comprehension using “for”.


DICTIONARY
 Dictionary is defined as an unordered set of key: value pairs, with the
requirement that the keys are unique . \
 Dictionary is a Mutable datatype.
 Dictionaries are sometimes found in other languages as “associative memories”
or “associative arrays”.
 Dictionaries are indexed by keys, which can be any immutable type or could be
a string.
 A pair of braces creates an empty dictionary: {} , not [].
 INITIALISATION: example be

 Keys could be a string in dictionary. Example


DICTIONARY
 We can nest dictionaries. Example:

 Directly assign values to a dictionary.

 Dictionary comprehensions can be used to create dictionaries from arbitrary key


and value expressions:

 The dict() constructor builds dictionaries directly from sequences of key-value


pairs:
TUPLES
 Tuple is a sequence data type.
 Tuples are immutable, and usually contain a heterogeneous sequence of
elements.

 Simultaneous assignment is possible in tuples.

 In tuple, we can assign a tuple of value to a name.


TUPLES
 Tuples may be nested.

 A tuple consists of a number of values separated by commas.

 Extract positions in tuples using slices.


SETS
 A set is an unordered collection with no duplicate elements.
 Set objects also support mathematical operations like union, intersection,
difference, and symmetric difference.
 Curly braces or the set() function can be used to create sets.
 Example:

 Creates an empty set using


 Set membership in sets

 We can convert a list into sets.


SETS OPERATIONS
 Union : union of two sets is done using “set1|set2”

 Intersection : intersection of two sets can be done using “set1&set2”

 Set difference: In this, elements present in set2 is not included in the resultant set.
It can be don using “set1-set2

 Exclusive or: The syntax for exclusive or is “set1^set2”


•Thankyou

You might also like