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Exercises
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Surname, First name
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KEN1130 Discrete Mathematics
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KEN1130 Discrete Mathematics Resit
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a b c d e f →b

a b c d e f →c

b c d e f →a

Answer multiple-choice questions as shown in the example.

Program: Data Science and Artificial Intelligence

Course code: KEN1130
Examiners: dr. Marieke Musegaas and dr. Otti D’Huys
Date/time: Friday 02.02.2024 09h00-11h00
Format: Closed book exam
Allowed aids: Pens, simple (non-programmable) calculator from the DACS-list of allowed calculators.
Instructions to students:
• The exam consists of 8 questions on 16 pages.
• Fill in your name and student ID number on the cover page and tick the corresponding numerals of
your student number in the table (top right cover page).
• Answer every question in the reserved space below the question. Do not write outside the reserved
space or on the back of pages, this will not be scanned and will NOT be graded! As a last resort if
you run out of space, use the extra answer space at the end of the exam.
• In no circumstance write on or near the QR code at the bottom of the page!
• Ensure that you properly motivate your answers.
• Only use black or dark blue pens, and write in a readable way. Do not use pencils.
• Answers that cannot be read easily cannot be graded and may therefore lower your grade.
• If you think a question is ambiguous, or even erroneous, and you cannot ask during the exam to
clarify this, explain this in detail in the space reserved for the answer to the question.
• If you have not registered for the exam, your answers will not be graded, and thus handled as invalid.
• You are not allowed to have a communication device within your reach, nor to wear or use a watch.
• You have to return all pages of the exam. You are not allowed to take any sheets, even blank, home.
• Good luck!

©copyright 2024 – [dr. M. Musegaas and dr. O. D’Huys] - you are not allowed to redistribute this exam,
nor any part thereof, without prior written permission of the authors

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Question 1
Consider the following logical proposition.

((p ⇒ q) ∨ (q ⇒ p)) ∧ (¬(p ⇔ q))

Answer the following questions about (the truth table of) the above proposition.
2.5p 1a Suppose p is TRUE and q is TRUE. Is the above logical proposition TRUE or FALSE?
a TRUE b FALSE

2.5p 1b Suppose p is TRUE and q is FALSE. Is the above logical proposition TRUE or FALSE?
a TRUE b FALSE

2.5p 1c Suppose p is FALSE and q is TRUE. Is the above logical proposition TRUE or FALSE?
a TRUE b FALSE

2.5p 1d Suppose p is FALSE and q is FALSE. Is the above logical proposition TRUE or FALSE?
a TRUE b FALSE

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Question 2
12p 2a Use induction to prove the following statement. For every natural number n ∈ N,
n
(n + 1)(5n + 6)
3 + ∑ (3 + 5i) = .
i=1 2

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3p 2b Disprove the following statement. For every natural number n ∈ N,

n
∑ (2 − 1) = 6n − 3.
2i
i=1

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Question 3
6p 3a Prove or disprove the following statement. For all sets A, B and C,

(A ∩ B ≠ ∅) ∧ (B ∩ C ≠ ∅) ⇒ A ∩ C ≠ ∅.

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6p 3b Prove or disprove the following statement. For all sets A, B and C,

(A ≠ ∅) ∧ (B ≠ ∅) ∧ (A × B ⊆ B × C) ⇒ A ⊆ C.

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Question 4
12p 4a Let R be the relation on the set Z defined as follows: xRy means “∣x − y∣ ≤ 2.5”. Is R reflexive? Is R
symmetric? Is R transitive? Is R anti-symmetric? For each of these properties, prove or disprove
that it has that property.

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5p 4b Let R be an equivalence relation on {a, b, c, d, e} such that

{(a, d), (b, c), (e, a), (c, e)} ⊆ R.

How many equivalence classes does R have?

a 0
b 1
c 2
d 3
e 4
f 5
g 6
h None of the above.

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Question 5
The following questions are about counting. For each of the questions below an explanation/derivation
is not required; you should only state the final answer. Please give an exact number as final answer (i.e.
don’t just leave your answer as a counting equation).
5p 5a How many 8-digit binary strings have exactly four ones or end with a one (or both)?
(Examples of such 8-digit binary strings are: 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0, 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 and 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1.)

5p 5b Suppose that in a certain country, all license plates have four capital letters (from the alphabet,
which contains 26 letters) followed by three digits. How many license plates could begin with an A
and end with a 0? (An example of such a license plate is: AZYZ990.)

5p 5c A set X has exactly 56 subsets with three elements. How many elements does X have?

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Question 6
6p 6a Prove or disprove the following statement.

(∃x ∈ R)(∀y ∈ R)(y ≠ 0 ⇒ xy = 1)

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4p 6b Let A = {0, 2, 4} and B = {1, 9, 12}. Prove or disprove the following statement.

(∀a ∈ A)(a is odd ⇒ a ∈ B)

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5p 6c Let x ∈ Z. What is the contrapositive of the statement “If x is even, then 3x + 7 is odd”?

a If x is even, then 3x + 7 is even.

b If x is odd, then 3x + 7 is odd.
c If x is odd, then 3x + 7 is even.
d If 3x + 7 is even, then x is odd.
e If 3x + 7 is even, then x is even.
f If 3x + 7 is odd, then x is odd.
g If 3x + 7 is odd, then x is even.
h None of the above.

(Note: only one answer is the correct answer.)

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Question 7
6p 7 Let f ∶ N → N be the function defined as follows:

f (x) = ⌊ x+2
3
⌋.

That means, f (x) equals the greatest natural number less than or equal to x+2
3 .
For example, f (6) = ⌊ 6+2
3
⌋ = ⌊2 32 ⌋ = 2.
Prove or disprove that f is surjective.

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Question 8
5p 8a Let A be a set with ∣A × A∣ = 9 and {({1, 2}, 3), (3, {4, 5}), ({1, 2}, {4, 5})} ⊆ A × A. Which one of the
following statements is true?

a A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
b A = {(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)}
c A = {{1, 2}, 3, {4, 5}}
d A = {{1, 2}, {3}, {4, 5}}
e A = {{1, 2, 3}, {3, 4, 5}, {1, 2, 4, 5}}
f A = {(1, 2, 3), (3, 4, 5), (1, 2, 4, 5)}
g None of the above.

(Note: only one answer is the correct answer.)

5p 8b Let A and B be sets such that A ∩ B = A and A ≠ B. Which one of the following statements is true?

a A∪B =A
b A∪B =B
c A∪B =∅
d None of the above.

(Note: only one answer is the correct answer.)

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Question 9
If you use these extra answer boxes, please mention clearly in your main answer that part of your answer
can be found here!
9a

9b

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9c

9d

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