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IT’S YOUR TURN
1. According to Johan Galtung, peace is both negative and positive. Discuss and briefly explain
why.
- When we talk about peace, we mostly define it as the absence of war or major conflicts.
It is a state of tranquility or free from any form of violence. Currently, the Philippines military
and police forces are battling with the NPA’s in different parts of the country. So, we could say
that the Philippines is currently not peaceful. But if we remove the war against the NPA, are we
confident to say that the Philippines is peaceful? That I doubt.
According to Johan Galtung, there is both negative peace and positive peace. This are
both pertaining to states of peace and they are different from one another.
When we say negative peace, it is defined as the absence of violence or the fear of
violence. As an example, let’s say a war has ensued on our country. In order for us to achieve
negative peace, we must find a way for us to stop the war and eliminate further violent and
destructive activities. We can achieve this by either proposing a ceasefire which is the peaceful
method, or we can try to defeat our enemies by any means possible and win the war, which is
obviously not peaceful, but rather a violent method. In negative peace, peace is not always
achieved through peaceful means. It considers all possible solutions, as long as it stops violence.
It does not capture a society’s tendencies towards stability and harmony. In simple words,
negative peace is simply a state of peace where violence is non-existent.
As for positive peace, it is defined as the presence of social justice and equality along
with the absence of structural or indirect violence and also pertains to the attitudes, institutions,
and structures that create and sustain peaceful societies. It is about achieving a more lasting
peace that is built on sustainable investments in economic development and institutions as well
as societal attitudes that fosters peace. Compared to negative peace which tries to achieve peace
through stopping any form of violence, positive peace tries to stop violence before it even begins
by creating a society that do not consider or even think about violence. It prevents violence and
chaos and allows the people to always feel satisfied and happy in their lives, without worry or
fear. It solves problems through peaceful means and avoids any form of conflict. Positive peace
is simply much better and a more suitable state of peace compared to negative peace.
All in all, both states of peace want to avoid or prevent any possible form of violence,
be it negative or positive peace. Violence will not only destroy our lives, our family, and other
people, but also our own country as well. We as citizens, must avoid creating conflict and not
allow violence to be our solution to our problems.
2. Make a reflection on the importance of peace educations for development.
- Peace is one of the most thing that every country should have throughout the world.
With peace, the people would feel secure and be free from fear or worry. Violence would stop
and stability and safety would ensue. But achieving peace is not a simple task as there are
different conflicts and forms of violence that occur throughout different parts of the world.
Development is one of the most affected things and may stop if chaos would continue. But if we
are determined to acquire peace, then peace education is a way for us to achieve it.
Peace education is an education whose purpose is to teach and introduce people to the
concepts and values of peace. It aims to stop and prevent the emergence of violence and to
motivate the people to solve all conflicts and problems through a non-violent and peaceful
method. This is supported by the quote “A pen is mightier than a sword”. One of the most
inspiring and famous person to have this kind of mindset is our very own national hero, Jose
Rizal. He wanted to help our country and its people at the time of suffering but not through
violent means such as war, but rather through peaceful means. He wrote his two most famous
and celebrated novels which are “Noli Me Tangere” and “El Filibusterismo” to prove his
dedication to achieve peace and liberty for our people through non-violent methods.
So how does peace education relate to development? Well here’s an example to explain
their relationship. Imagine a certain country whose people wishes for development and
innovation in order to make their country much better and more developed. But there is a war
going on and chaos and destruction is rampant and the people would mostly resort to violence
instead of peaceful means. The people there would be filled with fear and worry for their lives
and would not have the time to think of other things. The people who wish for development
would not have the focus and concentration in working for the development of their country and
instead shift their attention into making sure they are safe and secure. As you can see, violence
can kill and bring a halt to a large number of things. Development is one of the most affected
part of a country’s dream to progress. But now, imagine that country again, but this time with the
help of peace education, peace is everywhere and the people are happy and satisfied. Violence is
gone and conflicts are solved through non-violent methods. The people can now work in a very
peaceful environment and can now focus their attention to their country’s development instead of
worrying about violence. In this kind of place, development would be rapid and innovation
would be prominent. With peace, the people are freed from the fear of violence and allows them
to be more productive using their skills and talents for the betterment and development of a
nation.
Through the help of peace education in educating the people about the importance and
the significance of peace, violence and chaos would slowly die until there is no more. It will not
only bring peace, but development and prosperity as well.
3. On a long bond paper, draw a poster to explain your understanding of the GUIDING
PRINCIPLES ON YOUNG PEOPLE’S PARTICIPATION IN PEACEBUILDING.

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IT’S YOUR TURN

2. Make a reflection on the importance of peace educations for development.

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