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21232_algorithms and Flowchart

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21232_algorithms and Flowchart

Uploaded by

austinambrose111
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ALGORITHMS AND FLOWCHART

Definition of Algorithm:
Algorithm is the step-by-step procedure of solving a particular problem. It is simply a sequence of clear and precise
instructions for solving a particular problem. Algorithms are usually written in English and some few mathematical notation.
Characteristics of Algorithms
1. They are written in sequence
2. They are written in English like statements
3. Finite, it must have a beginning and an end
4. An Algorithm should be effective
5. It must be unambiguous and consistent.
Example of an Algorithm
An Algorithm to calculate Average of three numbers
Step 1: Enter the first number N1
Step 2: Enter the second number N2
Step 3: Enter the third number N3
Step 4: Calculate the total (N1 + N2 + N3)
Step 5: Calculate the Average (N1 + N2 + N3)/3
Step 6: Print total
Step 7: Print Average
Step 8: End.
Definition of Flowchart:
The flowchart is the diagrammatic representation of an algorithm. It shows the steps involved in solving a particular
task.
Characteristics of Flowchart:
1. Different flowcharting symbols are used for different operations
2. Flow lines are used to connect the flowcharting symbols
3. Flowcharts are read and drawn from top to bottom
4. The start symbol indicated the beginning of a program
5. The end symbol signifies the end of a program.
Flowcharting symbols:
1.
Process
It indicates any processing function.

2.
Terminator
Start / end Indicates the beginning or end of a program flow in your diagram.

3. Flow line
Indicates the connection between two or more flowchart symbols.

4.
decision
5. Indicates a decision point between two or more paths in a flowchart.
6. Preparation

Indicate a modification to a process, such as setting a switch or initializing a


routine

7. Pre – defined
Indicates a predefined (named) process, such as subroutine or a module.
Process

8.
Input and
output Represents any type of data in a flowchart

Example of flowchart:
A flowchart to input and calculate three numbers and print total and average.

Start

Input first
number

Input second
number

Input third
number

Calculate the total and


average of the 3 numbers

Print Average

End

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