Title: The Influence of Personality Traits Focusing Kapwa Model on the Engagement in

Online Gambling

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to understand comprehensively, correlate, and identify Filipino

personality traits, focusing on the Kapwa model, that drives the engagement of individuals
in online gambling. This will answer the following research questions:

1. How does Filipino personality traits relate to the participants’ engagement in online
gambling in terms of:
1.1 Pakikiramdam
1.2 Hiya
1.3 Utang na Loob Pakikisama
1.4 Biro
1.5 Lambing
1.6 Tampo
1.7 Bahala na
1.8 Sama/Lakas ng loob
1.9 Pakikibaka
2. How do these Filipino personality traits associated with Kapwa model shape the
respondents’ engagement in online gambling?
3. Is there a significant relationship between Kapwa’s model Filipino personality traits
and the engagement of the participants in online gambling?
4. What preventive measures can be developed to address the influence on online
gambling engagement?

Theoretical Framework

The researchers will utilize the Kapwa model, a theory under Sikolohiyang Pilipino by
Virgilio Enriquez (1992), as this relates to the other variable. This model provides relevant
lens through which Filipinos behaviors and decision-making can be analyzed,
particularly in the context of engaging in online gambling. This model was aligned with
different Filipino personality traits; pakikiramdam, hiya, utang na loob, biro, lambing,
tampo, bahala na, sama/lakas ng loob, and pakikisama.

For instance, individuals may engage in online gambling due to a sense of utang na
loob or feeling indebted to those who introduced them to the game. Similar with bahala
 na wherein the individual felt a sense of luck that he/she will win a jackpot in the game.
On the other hand, personality traits such as bahala na and sama ng loob may result risky
behaviors in online gambling. This framework will be used to understand what categories
of Kapwa model personality traits motivates online gambling engagement as more than
just the individual’s choice.

• Pakikiramdam
• Hiya
• Utang na loob
• Pakikisama
• Biro Filipino Personality Online Gambling
• Lambing Traits Associated with Engagement
• Tampo Kapwa Model
• Bahala na
• Sama / Lakas
ng loob
• Pakikibaka

Statistics

Correlation Analysis. The correlations between each of these traits and gambling behavior
would give you a better understanding of how each Kapwa trait relates to engagement in
online gambling. Positive correlations suggest that individuals with higher levels of a
particular trait may engage more in gambling, while negative correlations suggest that higher
levels of that trait may decrease the likelihood of gambling.

Example analysis: Investigate whether individuals with more courage (Lakas ng Loob) and
the willingness to take risks are more likely to engage in risky behaviors like online gambling.
You could explore if those with a higher sense of Bahala na (fatalism, accepting what
happens) are more likely to gamble, as they may be less concerned about the consequences
of gambling. Explore whether individuals who experience or express Tampo (a form of
emotional withdrawal or resentment) tend to engage in gambling as a way to cope with
negative emotions
Title: The Influence of Personality Traits Focusing OCEAN Model on the Engagement in
Online Gambling

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to understand comprehensively, correlate, and identify personality

traits, focusing on the OCEAN model, that drives the engagement of individuals in online
gambling. This will answer the following research questions:

1. How does personality traits relate to the participants’ engagement in online gambling
in terms of:
1.1 Openness
1.2 Conscientiousness
1.3 Extraversion
1.4 Agreeableness
1.5 Neuroticism
2. How do these personality traits associated with OCEAN model shape the
respondents’ engagement in online gambling?
3. Is there a significant relationship between OCEAN model personality traits and the
engagement of the participants in online gambling?
4. What preventive measures can be developed to address the influence on online
gambling engagement?

Theoretical Framework

The Five-Factor Model (FFM), also known as the OCEAN (Openness,

Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism) model, is a widely
accepted framework for understanding human personality. Each trait reflects a spectrum of
behaviors and attitudes that can impact decision-making and risk-taking tendencies, which
are essential aspects of gambling behavior. The study explores how personality traits, based
on the OCEAN model, influence online gambling behavior.

Openness may lead to increased gambling due to curiosity and a desire for novelty.
Conscientious individuals, being disciplined and goal-oriented, may approach gambling
more strategically, engaging in skill-based gambling rather than impulsive betting.
Extraverts, driven by social interactions and excitement, may prefer online gambling
platforms that offer interactive and competitive elements. Agreeable individuals, who value
cooperation and trust, may avoid high-stakes gambling due to discomfort with competitive
or exploitative situations. Neuroticism, associated with emotional instability and impulsivity,
may drive individuals to gamble as a coping mechanism for stress, increasing the likelihood
of problematic gambling behavior.

• Openness
• Conscientious Filipino Personality Online Gambling
ness Traits Associated with Engagement
• Extraversion Kapwa Model
• Agreeableness
• Neuroticism

Statistics

Correlation Analysis. The correlations between each of these traits and gambling behavior
would give you a better understanding of how each OCEAN trait relates to engagement in
online gambling. Positive correlations suggest that individuals with higher levels of a
particular trait may engage more in gambling, while negative correlations suggest that higher
levels of that trait may decrease the likelihood of gambling.

Example Analysis

• Openness has a moderate positive correlation with gambling frequency, suggesting

that individuals high in openness may gamble for novelty and cognitive stimulation.
• Conscientiousness has a strong negative correlation with all gambling behaviors,
indicating that conscientious individuals are less likely to engage in gambling.
• Extraversion is positively correlated with gambling frequency and expenditure,
aligning with the tendency of extraverts to seek social and stimulating experiences.
• Agreeableness shows a negative correlation, meaning more agreeable individuals
tend to avoid gambling.
• Neuroticism has the strongest positive correlation with problem gambling, indicating
that emotionally unstable individuals may gamble as a coping mechanism.