Technological University of the Philippines

College of Industrial Technology

Manila

LABORATORY MANUAL
IN
INDUSTRIAL WIRING

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
 FOREWORD

This Laboratory Manual aims to help first year students taking up Electrical Engineering

Technology (EET) and Instrumentation and Control Engineering Technology (ICET) students

learn the basic concepts of Electricity by introducing them to simple electrical diagram and

connections. It includes laboratory activities that tackle safety precautions electrical symbols and

configurations, basic hand tools, splices and joints, and identification of wiring materials. This also

involves designing and estimating the electrical plan of a single storey residential building and

appliances servicing wherein the students learn how to troubleshoot common household

appliances.

This laboratory manual is a joint effort of the faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology

Department of the College of Industrial Technology, Technological University of the Philippines,

Manila. The faculty involved who contributed their ideas, for its contents, illustrations and related

activities are optimistic that it will serve best for its purpose of providing ease in understanding

the course.

COMPILED BY:

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Manila

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. Building Wiring

I. Laboratory Safety Precautions

II. Electrical Symbols, Configurations and Figures
III. Familiarization with Basic Hand Tools/Testing Instruments
IV. Splices and Joints
V. Continuity Lamp Tester
VI. Electrical Wiring Materials and Uses
VII. Laboratory Wiring Practice # 1-3 (Plastic Molding)
VIII. Laboratory Wiring Practice # 4-6 (Non-metallic Flexible conduit)
IX. Laboratory Wiring Practice # 7-9 (PVC Non-metallic Rigid conduit)
X. Laboratory Wiring Practice # 10 (Combination)
XI. Laboratory Wiring Practice # 11 (Combination)
XII. Laboratory Wiring Practice # 12 (Service Entrance)
 GENERAL LABORATORY SAFETY
I. OBJECTIVE:

To learn the simple rules of safety program.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

A thorough safety program is a “must” for anyone working with electricity. Electricity can be
dangerous and even fatal with those who do not understand and practice the simple rules of
SAFETY. There are many fatal accidents involving electricity by well-trained technicians who
either threw over-confidence or carelessness, violate the basic rules of personal SAFETY. The first
rule of personal safety is always,

“THINK FIRST”

This rule always applies to all industrial work as well as electrical workers. Develop a good
habit of workmanship. There are generally three kinds of accidents, which appear all too frequently
among electrical students and technicians. You’re knowing and studying about them and observing
simple rules will make you a safe person to work with. You could personally be saved from painful
and expensive experiences – you might be saved to live a rewarding retirement age.

III. PROCEDURE:

Safety is simply a matter of applying common sense precautions. The rules of safety are
concerned with the prevention of accidental injury. First aid involves the treatment of injuries
sustained when an accident occurs.

The general rules of shop safety apply equally the electrical-electronics laboratory.

The following shop safety rules should be observed at all times:

1) Don’t clown around or engage in horseplay. Many painful injuries are caused by the
careless and thoughtless antics of the “clown”.

2) Get your teacher’s approval before starting your work. This will save you time and
help prevent accidents. Remember, your teacher is there to help.

3) Report all injuries at once; even the slightest. A small cut can develop serious
complications if not properly treated.

4) Wear safety glasses – when grinding or working in areas where sparks or chips of metal
are flying. Your eyes are a priceless possession.

5) Keep the floors around your work area clean and free of litter, which might cause
someone to slip or stumble.
6) Use tools correctly and do not use them if they are not in proper working conditions.

7) Observe the proper methods of handling and lifting objects. Get help to lift heavy
objects.

8) Do not talk to or distract a fellow student when he is operating a machine.

9) Never leave a machine while it is running or running down. Stay with it until it stops
completely.

10) Obtain permission before you use power tools.

11) Probably the best advice anyone can follow when working with electricity is:

Think – plan ahead!

The following are special safety rules for the electrical – electronics laboratory:

1) Although the normal healthy person will encounter no dangerous voltages while
performing the Laboratory Activity, circumstances occur under which a surprising
electric shock may be experienced. Surprising shocks, while not particularly dangerous
in themselves, may cause secondary injury through violent muscular contraction that can
hurl a person against a wall or workbench or possibly another more dangerous source of
current.

2) Practice a precaution used by experienced engineers and technicians. Always keep one
hand in your pocket (or behind you) when measuring current and voltage. If two
hands are in contact with the circuit, the current flows across the chest and heart regions,
which is very dangerous.

3) If in doubt, with regard to the wiring of the circuit, ask the teacher to check it out before
you apply power. Electricity has no respect for ignorance.

4) Make it a habit to short out electrolytic or other large value capacitors with an insulated
screwdriver before attempting to work on a circuit. Capacitors can hold a charge for a
long time after the power is removed.

5) Know the location of the fire extinguisher.

6) Certain components, such as resistors and vacuum tubes get quite hot while operating.
Give them time to cool off before attempting to remove them.

7) Do not work around electrical equipment if floors are damp or wet.

8) Do not work on electrical circuit while the power is on.

9) Be sure equipment is in proper working order before use. Frayed power cords and cracked
or chipped plugs are major source of accidents.

10) Ask for instruction before using any item of test equipment for the first time, even if you
think you know how to use it. A little knowledge can be dangerous thing; and if something
can go wrong, it will. Test equipment is often expensive to repair.

11) Electricity – electronics is a tremendous field and most of us do well to understand

small segments of it. Ask questions when in doubt. BE HUMBLE !!!
 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor/Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No. 1

Electrical Symbols, Configurations and Figures

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Identify the commonly used electrical symbols and configurations.

2. Develop skills in circuit tracing using the schematic symbols or diagrams.
3. Draw the different standard electrical symbols.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

The definitions of terms are peculiar to and essential to the use of electrical symbols
and configurations for the proper understanding of the electricity. This contains definitions
intended to apply whenever the terms are used throughout the course of electricity.

TECHNICAL TERMS:

1. Accessible- (as applied to wiring methods) capable of being removed or exposed without
damaging the building structure or finish or not permanently closed in by the structure or
finish of the of the building
2. Ampacity- the current in amperes a conductor can carry continuously under the condition
of use with out exceeding its temperature rating
3. Bus- a conductor or group of conductors, in switchgear assemblies which serves as
common connection for two or more circuits.
4. Cable- either a stranded conductor with or without insulation and other covering (single
conductor cable), or a combination of conductors insulated from one another (multiple
conductor cable).
5. Concealed- rendered inaccessible by the structure or finish of the building. Wires in
concealed raceways are considered concealed, even though they may become accessible
by withdrawing them.
6. Connector- a metal sleeve, usually copper that is slipped over and secured to the butted
ends of the conductors in making up a joint.
 7. Cut- out box- an enclosure designed for surface mounting and having swinging doors or
covers secured directly to and telescoping with the walls of the box proper.
8. Demand factor- the ratio of the maximum demand of a system or part of a system, to the
total connected load of a system or the part of the system under consideration.
9. Disconnecting means- a device or group of devices, or other means by which the
conductors of a circuit can be disconnected from their source of supply.
10. Electrical metallic tubing- metal pipe in to which electric wires maybe drawn and which
has a wall thinner than that of a rigid conduit with an outside diameter sufficiently different
from that of a rigid conduit to render it impracticable for any one to thread it with standard
pipe thread.
11. Equipment- a general term including material, fittings, devices, appliances, fixtures,
apparatus and the like used as a part of, or in connection with, an electrical installation.
12. Extension cord- an assembly of a flexible cord with an attachment plug on one end and a
cord connector on the other.
13. Feeder- all circuit conductors between the service equipment or the generator switchboard
of an isolated plant, and the final branch circuit over current device.
14. Fittings- an accessory such as a locknut, bushing, or other part of the wiring system that
is intended primarily to perform a mechanical rather than an electrical function.
15. Fixture – an integral, separate or self-contained unit which may contain one or more bulbs
or fluorescent tubes.
16. Flexible conduit – non – rigid metal conduit into which conductors maybe drawn.
17. Flexible tubing- non-metallic and non-rigid tubing, commonly known as loom, through
which a conductor maybe drawn.
18. Fuse – current rating – the current rating of a fuse is the designated RMS alternating or
direct which it will carry continuously under a stated condition.
19. Installation – an assemblage of electric equipment in a given location, designated for
coordinated operation, and, properly erected and wired.
20. Motor branch circuit – a branch circuit supplying energy only to one or more motors and
associated motor controllers.
21. Over current – any current in excess of the rated current of equipment or the ampacity of
a conductor. It may result from overload, short circuit or ground fault.

III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Drawing Instruments

IV. PROCEDURE:

Draw the appropriate electrical symbols for each part on the space provided and give its
descriptions.
DESCRIPTION SCHEMATIC MEANING / USES
SYMBOLS

LIGHTNING ARRESTER

GROUND (EARTH)

SERVICE ENTRANCE

KILOWATT-HOUR METER

SAFETY POWER SWITCH

CIRCUIT BREAKERS

FUSE

FUSE CUT-OUT

MAIN PANEL BOARDS

POWER PANEL BOARD

LIGHTING PANEL BOARD

INCANDESCENT LAMP
OUTLET

FLOURESCENT LAMP
OUTLET

OUTLET W/ BLANK COVER

FAN OUTLET

DUPLEX PLUG OUTLET

A.C.U OUTLET

WEATHERPROOF PLUG
RECEPTACLE OUTLET

COOKING RANGE OUTLET

SPECIAL PURPOSE OUTLET

ANTENNA OUTLET

SINGLE POLE SWITCH

DUPLEX SWITCH (2 single

pole switches on 1 gang switch
plate)

TRIPLEX (3 single pole switches

on 1 gang switch plate)

DOUBLE POLE SWITCH

THREE WAY SWITCH

FOUR WAY SWITCH

JUNCTION BOX
PULL BOX

CIRCUIT HOMERUN

PUSH BUTTON SWITCH

BUZZER

BELL

LIGHT AND POWER (cross-

lines indicate number of wires)

OPEN WIRING

UNDERGROUND

EMERGENCY
FIRE ALARM

CLOSE CIRCUIT TV

BATTERY

ISOLATING FUSE

FILAMENT LAMP

AC GENERATOR

DC GENERATOR

AC MOTOR

DC MOTOR

MOTOR-GENERATOR (AC-
DC)
 AMMETER

VOLTMETER

AC KILOWATTHOUR
METER

POWER FACTOR METER

TACHOMETER

OHMMETER

V. CONCLUSION:
VI. EVALUATION:

State the importance of electrical symbols for technicians like you?

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Familiarization with Basic Hand Tools/Testing Instruments

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Familiarize themselves with the different hand tools and testing instruments.
2. Identify the different tools according to their uses.
3. To draw the different basic hand tools and testing instruments.
4. Observe safety precaution and proper use of hand tools and testing instruments.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

After a laboratory activity has been bread boarded, a technician tests it. Changes may be
needed and are made as required. When the technician and engineer are satisfied that the circuit is
performing, as it should, it is ready to prototype assembly.

The proper chassis layout of circuit components is determined, the chassis is prepared,
and the technician mounts the major component assembly, the technician may use tools to form,
drill, and cut the chassis. These tools may be power tools or hand tools such as scribe, punch,
hammer, screwdriver, wrench, hacksaw, and file.

CAUTION: A word caution about the use of hand tools. They should never be used in a live
circuit that is in a circuit where electric power is applied. These tools are made of metal, and metal
is a conductor of electricity. Failure to observe this safety precaution may result in electrical shock
or damage to the circuitry.

III. PROCEDURE:
 BASIC HAND TOOLS AND TESTING INSTRUMENTS

1. PLIERS –

1.1 Side cutting pliers (lineman’s pliers) -

1.2 Long nose pliers -

1.3. Diagonal pliers -

2. SCREW DRIVERS –

2.1 Standard screwdriver -

2.2 Philips screwdriver -

3. A.W.G. (American Wire Gauge) -

4. BENDER (Hickey) –

5. BLOW TORCH –
6. ELECTRICIAN’S KNIFE -
.

7. FILE –

8. FUSE PULLER -
9. GIMLET -

10. HACKSAW –

11. HAND GLOVES -

12. HOLSTER -

13. PIPE THREADED -

14. PORTABLE ELECTRIC DRILL –

 15. REAMER –

16. STEEL TAPE RULE –

17. SOLDERING GUN –

18. SOLDERING IRON –

19. V.O.M. (Volt-Ohmmeter) –

20. WIRE STRIPPER -

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Splices and Joints

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Identify the different splices and joints and their uses.

2. Draw at least (10) ten different splices and joints.
3. Perform the ten splices and joint that is electrically and mechanically secured.
4. Develop the proper use of hand tools in doing the splices and joints.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

Splices and joints are necessary if you will be required to add a length of wire in order to
prolong or join wires together as needed in a particular wiring system.
The first step in any splicing operation is to remove the insulation from the wire with a knife
the same way you sharpen a pencil. Care should be considered so that the wires are not nicked the
knife blade that might cause breakage of wires later. In order to ensure good electrical contact
between the wires in the splice you may scrape the bare wires with the back of the knife blade and
clean bright before splicing them together. A splice or a joint consists of several twists and/or turns
of wires. However, a good splice is not just made. Improperly spliced or loose wires cause a fire
hazard.
Due to inherent dangerous potentials electric current present in any complete wiring system,
it is always necessary to insulate all joints and splices. Thus, a rubber tape should be wrapped next
to it, which would equal in thickness to the original insulation thickness of the wire. Insulating the
wire joints and splices eliminates the dangers arising from short and ground circuit whenever these
wires come in contact with outlet boxes plumbing and other conductive materials and devices. In
the case of slow burning or weatherproof wires, it is sufficient if the friction tape equal to the
original thickness of the insulation is wrapped around the splices and joints.
Insulating the wire joints and splices eliminates the dangers arising from shorts and grounds
whenever these wires come in contact with outlet boxes plumbing and other conducting materials
or devices.
 TECHNICAL TERMS:

1. TAP - is a connection or an intermediate at where an electrical connection may be made. It is

a tapping connection of the end of the conductors to an electric coil making it possible to place
only part of the coil in circuit.

2. SPLICES – are connections of the conductors for the purpose of extending them, moreover,
these are also joining of two cords or two ropes or two parts of the same cord or rope made
by interweaving and intertwining the strands in such a way that the circumference of the joint
is no greater or not much greater than the circumference of the cord.

3. JOINTS – are connections of three or more conductors for a connecting purpose. It is also a
union of two or more smooth or even surface admitting of a close fitting or junction whether
movable or immovable.

III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Qty Unit Description Unit Cost Total Cost

m Wire, TW # 14 , solid
m Wire, TW # 18 , solid
m Wire, TW # 18, stranded
m Flat cord, # 18/2
Total
Amount

IV. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1. Electrician’s knife
2. Steel tape/ ruler
3. Long nose pliers
4. Diagonal pliers
5. Side cutting pliers
6. Standard screwdriver

V. PROCEDURE:

1. Rattail joint is used on parts of the wiring where there is no pulling stress. It is usually used
inside utility boxes where wires are not subjected to tension.

1.1 Prepare two pieces of 8-cm. Wires.

1.2 Remove 5 cm. Insulation from each wire.
 1.3 Cross wires at an angle of 60 º
1.4 Twist both wires together making at least five turns.
1.5 Bend 0.5 cm. From end of twisted wires.

Figure 1 Figure 1: Rattail or Pigtail joint – A rattail joint

2. Plain taps or tee joint is used when joining a branch wire to a main wire so as to extend the
circuit.

2.1 Prepare a 13-cm. Branch wire (A) and an 8-cm. Main wire (B).
2.2 Remove insulation 10-cm. from branch wire and 2-cm. from main wire at a point where
the joint is to be made.
2.3 Cross two wires at an angle of 90º then wrap the branch wire around the main wire,
making at least five full turns.
2.4 Tighten end of branch wire.

Figure 2 – A plain tap or tee joint

3. Terminating fixture joint is used when a fixture wire, usually #18, is to be connected to a
terminating branch wire.

3.1 Prepare 8-cm. branch wire (A) and 15-cm.-fixture wire.

3.2 Remove insulation 5 cm. from branch wire and 12 cm. from fixture wire.
3.3 Cross wires at 60º angles.
3.4 Wrap fixture wire simultaneously around heavy wire.
3.5 Bend 0.1 cm. from end of heavy wire enclosing a part of fixture wire.

Figure 3 – A terminating fixture joint

4. Western union short splice is used in interior wiring for joining two lengths of wire extending
from outlet to outlet.

4.1 Prepare two pieces of 8-cm. wires.

4.2 Remove 5-cm. insulation from each wire.
4.3 Cross two wires at an angle of 60º
4.4 Make 3 short neck turns.
4.5 Make at least five full turns.
4.6 Tighten wire ends.

Figure 4 – A western union short splice

5. Western union long splice is used when joining two lengths of wire to extend the conductor
from outlet to outlet in exterior wiring.

5.1 Prepare two pieces of 10-cm. wires.

5.2 Remove 7-cm. insulation from both wires.
5.3 Cross-uninsulated part of wires at 60º angles.
5.4 Make five long neck turns.
5.5 Make at least four full turns.
5.6 Tighten wire ends.

Figure 5 – A western union long splice

6. Through-end fixture joint is used when joining a fixture wire to a branch wire where the sizes
of which are not the same.

6.1 Prepare 8-cm.-branch wire (B) and a 10-cm.-fixture wire (A).

6.2 Remove insulation 5 cm. from branch wire and 7 cm. from fixture wire.
6.3 Cross and then twist wires together making four full turns.
6.4 Wrap remaining uninsulated part of both wires around uninsulated portion of the branch
wire making at least five turns.
6.5 Tighten ends of wires.

Figure 6 – A through-end fixture joint

7. Ordinary cross joint is used when it is necessary to splice two branch wires, which extend to
main conductor.

7.1 Prepare three pieces of 8-cm. wires.

7.2 Remove insulation 5 cm. from branch wires (A & B) and 3 cm. from main wire (C) at a
point where the splice is to be made.
7.3 Position branch wires at 90º angles to main wire placing the two in opposite direction.
7.4 Wrap branch wires to main wire one at a time making at least five full turns for each wire.
7.5 Tighten wire ends.

Figure 7 – An ordinary cross joint

8. Double-wrapped cross joint is used just as the ordinary cross joint with an advantage of being
stronger.

8.1 Prepare three pieces of 8-cm. wires.

8.2 Remove insulation 5 cm. from branch wires (A & B) and 3 cm. from main wire © at a
point where the splice will be made.
8.3 Parallel branch wires to main wire and then wrap branch wires to main wire
simultaneously.
8.4 Tighten wire ends.
8.5 Separate insulated ends of branch wires in opposite direction.

Figure 8 – A double-wrapped cross-joint

9. Octopus Joint- it is used when joining ends of three wires inside utility and / or junction boxes.

9.1 Prepare two pieces of 6 cm. wires and one piece of a 12-cm. wire (A).
9.2 Remove insulation 3 cm. from 6 cm. wires and 9 cm. from 12-cm. wires.
9.3 Parallel all wires to one another.
9.4 Wrap uninsulated part of the longer wire around two other wires.
9.5 Tighten end of longer wire and bend ends of shorter wires to form a hoe.

Figure 9 – An octopus joint

10. Underwriter’s knot is used to take up the stress between the lamp and the socket or the tension
on the separable plug.

10.1 Prepare an 8-cm. duplex wire.

10.2 Measure 5 cm. from end of wire and separate.
10.3 Twist separated wires.
10.4 One wire is looped around the other wire.
10.5 Second wire is passed around the first wire through loop to form a knot.
10.6 Pull end of wire to tighten knot.
10.7 Remove insulation of both ends of wires enough for the screw.
10.8 Connect the wires to terminals of a male plug passing behind the prongs.

Figure 10 – An underwriter’s knot

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Continuity Lamp Tester

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Familiarize yourself with the continuity test procedures.

2. Identify the limitations of your continuity lamp tester.
3. Assemble your own simple continuity lamp tester.
4. Develop safety consciousness on the use of your continuity lamp tester.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

Continuity lamp tester has been the favorite of most electricians’ particularly the appliance
repairman for many decades. The test voltage in this circuit comes from the 230V AC power line
through an ordinary plug and appliance cord. A 230V lamp rated at 100 watts serves as the
indicating device. A set of standard test probes is provided which will allow the user to apply the
test voltage to a point in the appliance or any electric circuit for troubleshooting purposes quickly
and with reasonable safety.

You will find out the lamp is always connected in series with the load or circuit under test.
With this particular circuit arrangement, any current forced through the circuit under test also flows
through the test lamp. Touching the test probes together or applying them to a continuous circuit
allows current to flow through the circuit where the lamp burns at full brilliance. When the test
probes are apart or are connected across an open circuit fault, the current cannot flow through the
circuit and the lamp does not glow.
III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Qty Unit Description Unit Cost Total Cost

Meters Royal cord, No. 12
Pc. Incandescent bulb, 100W, 230V
Pc. Bulb socket, weatherproof
Pc. Bulb guard (auto-trouble light)
Pc. Male plug, heavy duty
Pc. Electrical tape, Big
Pair Test probes, Red & Black
Total
Amount

IV. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:

1. Electrician’s knife
2. Steel tape
3. Long nose pliers
4. Diagonal pliers
5. Side cutting pliers
6. Standard screwdriver

V. WORKING DRAWING

Draw the schematic diagram and pictorial drawing of a continuity lamp tester.

Figure A. Schematic Diagram

Figure B. Pictorial Drawing

VI. PROCEDURE:

1. Prepare your schematic and pictorial drawing.

2. Secure materials needed.
3. Have on hand the tools required by the job.
4. Make connections following your working drawings.
5. Check connections by tracing the flow of current in the continuity lamp circuit.
6. Insert test bulb to the socket.
7. Mount your lamp guard properly.
8. Test continuity lamp circuit.

VIII. CONCLUSIONS:

VII. EVALUATION:

1. Using your finished continuity lamp tester, how would you locate the defective fuses in the
safety switch box? List down the step-by-step procedure you will follow. Use separate
sheet to support your answer with a drawing.

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

2. How would you know that the circuit under test is grounded with the aid of your lamp
tester?

3. Identify at least two (2) limitations of your lamp tester.

3.1
3.2

4. Give three (3) advantages of your lamp tester.

4.1
4.2
4.3
 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Electrical Wiring Materials and their Uses

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Familiarize with the different electrical wiring materials and uses.

2. Identify and draw the different wiring materials.
3. Realize the importance of different wiring materials.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION/TERMS:

1. BOXES – used as junction boxes, as outlets, as attachments for switches.

2. CABLES – those are larger than the wires.
3. CIRCUIT BREAKERS – is an electromechanical device that performs the same protective
function as fuse, and in addition, acts as a switch. Basically, it consists of a heat-sensitive
bimetallic strip. Two contacts and handled for resetting. With enough heat, the strip opens
the circuits by springing apart and separating the contacts. The breaker acts as a switch in
the sense that it can be turn in on, off, tripped and reset. To reset the breaker, the handle
beyond the off position must be moved to on position.
4. CONDUIT – conduit pipe is the most common electrical raceway used in all types of
construction.
5. FUSE – is an overall current protective device with a circuit opening fusible element
(which is a small strip of metal alloy), which opens or breaks when there is an over current
in the circuit. The fuse is a one-time protective device, thus, it must be replaced when it is
blown. Fuses come in different designs, ratings and shapes but basically the same in
functions.
6. LIGHTING FIXTURES – are electrical devices that are used to hold the lamps and to
connect them to the power supply. Some lighting fixtures are also used to adjust the
position of the light, to diffuse or deflect the lights, and also serve to protect the lamp.
7. OUTLET– a point in the wiring system at which a current is taken to supply utilization
equipment. In some cases, it is simply defined as a connection point. It is a device that
carries a current but does not consume power. Electricians to include non-current
 consuming switches and similar control devices in a wiring system, when estimating the
cost of installation also use it broadly. Each type of outlet is represented by a symbol in
an electrical plan.
8. PANEL BOARD – is a single panel or group panel limits designed for assembly in the
form of single panel. This is also designed for mounting in a cabinet or out box installed
in or against the wall or partition accessible only from the front.
9. RACEWAYS – an enclosed channel designed expressly for holding wires, cables, bus bars,
with additional functions as permitted in the P.E. C.
10. RECEPTACLE – a contact device installed at the outlet for the connection of a single
attachment plug.
11. SERVICE ENTRANCE – is defined as that portion of the supply conductors which extends
from the street main ducts or transformer to the service or switchboard of the building
supply. It also refers to the conductor and equipment for delivering energy from the
electricity supply system to the wiring system of the premises served.
12. SWITCHES – are devices that open or closed the circuitry in an electric circuit.
13. WIRES – those electrical conductors that are 8 mm2 (A.W.G. # 8) or smaller in size.

III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

* Drawing Materials

IV. ILLUSTRATION:

1. Panel Board
2. Safety Switch

3. Types of Fuses

Plug Type Fuse Time-Delay Fuse

Edison Base Fuse Type-S Nontamperable Fuse

Knife-Blade Type Cartridge Fuse

4. Circuit Breaker

Bolt-on Circuit Breaker Plug-in Circuit Breaker

5. Types of Conduit Bends

Offset Bend 90 Bend

 Saddle Bend Gooseneck Bend

6. Switches

Weatherproof Switch Rotary Dimmer Switch

Push Button Switch Conventional Toggle Switch

Push Button Switch Key-Operated Switch

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Surface Raceway (Plastic Molding) Wiring
Laboratory Wiring Practice Nos. 1 to 3

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Identify and differentiate various wiring materials necessary in this house wiring
method.
2. Develop further understanding of circuit analysis.
3. Use basic electrical and mechanical hand tools properly.
4. Follow and observe safety precautions in doing electrical works.
5. Observe good work habits and teamwork with group mates.
6. Perform the following wiring practices:

L. W. P. # 1 – Two lamps in series controlled by single pole switch and two lamps in
parallel controlled by single pole switch.
L.W. P. # 2 – Three lamps in parallel controlled individually by a single pole switch
in one location.
L.W. P. # 3 – Two lamps controlled by 2 three-way switch in two locations.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

Nonmetallic wireways are flame retardant, nonmetallic troughs with removable covers for
housing and protecting electric wires and cables in which conductors are laid in place after the
wireway has been installed as a complete system.

The convenience of lighting control can be made greater by providing switching from more
than one location for a light or group of lights. When it is desired to control circuits from two
locations, a three-way switch is used at each location. A three-way switch is basically a single
pole, double throw, and two-position switch. It cannot be left in a neutral or off position.
III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Qty Unit SPECIFICATION Unit Price Amount

TOTAL
AMOUNT

IV. TOOLS REQUIRED:

1. Holster 6. Set of screwdrivers

2. Long nose pliers 7. Electrician’s knife
3. Diagonal pliers 8. Gimlet
4. Side cutting pliers 9. Hammer
5. Wire stripper 10. Extension cord

V. PROCEDURE:

1. Prepare wiring diagrams.

2. Secure materials needed.
3. Have in hand the tools required by the job.
4. Locate points for various wiring materials.
5. Install receptacle and cut out box to the desired location.
6. Measure and mount the plastic molding according to the circuit design.
7. Run length of wires and make wiring connections.
8. Make connection from the receptacle to cut out and switch and from switch to cut out.
9. Fasten switch. Provide receptacle’s base under it and mount the bulb.
10. Check wiring connections and connect to power line.
11. Test lighting circuit with your instructor.
12. Remove wiring materials from board.
VI. CONCLUSION:

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

VII. EVALUATION:

1. In what places do you think surface raceway wiring is applicable? Not applicable?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. State the advantages and disadvantages of using surface wiring that you have observed
after performing the activity.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. After performing Job #1 and #2 and #3 which do you prefer series, parallel or complex
connection of loads? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 1 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 2 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 3 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 1 Instructor's Name Rating
Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 2 Instructor's Name Rating
Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 3 Instructor's Name Rating
Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 1 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 2 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 3 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Non-Metallic Flexible Conduit Wiring
Laboratory Wiring Practice Nos. 4 to 6

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

2. Identify and differentiate various wiring materials necessary in this house wiring
method.
2. Develop further understanding of electrical wiring installations.
3. Appreciate the use of polyflex in house wiring installations.
3. Use basic electrical and mechanical hand tools properly.
4. Follow and observe safety precautions in doing electrical works.
5. Observe good work habits and teamwork with group mates.
6. Perform the following laboratory wiring practices:

L. W. P. # 4 –Three lamps controlled by 2 three-way and 1 four-way in three locations

L. W. P. # 5 – Lamp B controlled by 2 three-way in two locations and Lamps A, C
and D are controlled individually by a single pole switch in one
location.
L. W. P. # 6 – Lamp B controlled by 2 three-way and 1 four-way switches in three
locations and Lamps A and C are controlled by a single pole switch in
one location.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

Flexible metal conduit is manufactured and rolled in the form of coils instead of lengths. It
may be used in lieu of the rigid type in most dry locations. The most common application is for
wiring connections at the motor terminals. The straps and other means of securing a flexible
conduit should be spaced much closer than is necessary for rigid conduit. Every bend should be
rigidly being supported to prevent deformation when wires are being pulled.
 The convenience of lighting control can be made greater by providing switching from more
than one location for a light or group of lights. When it is desired to control circuits from two
locations, a three-way switch is used at each location. A three-way switch is basically a single
pole, double throw, and two-position switch. It cannot be left in a neutral or off position.
In many structures with multiple stairway landing, several entrances to rooms, and others, the
need of multiple switching at all locations arises. The four way switch is used in the conduction
with the two three –way switches make this possible. A four switch can be considered as a type
of double throw- double pole switch and also as a form of reversing switch as it crosses connection
between pairs of conductors when it is switch from one position to another.

III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Qty Unit SPECIFICATION Unit Price Amount

TOTAL AMOUNT

VI. TOOLS REQUIRED:

1. Holster 6. Set of screwdrivers

2. Long nose pliers 7. Electrician’s knife
3. Diagonal pliers 8. Gimlet
4. Side cutting pliers 9. Hammer
5. Wire stripper 10. Extension cord
V. PROCEDURE:

1. Remove knockouts where conduits will enter the box.

2. Install boxes in place as designed. Refer to pictorial diagram.
3. Cut conduit to desired length.
4. Install conduit as per lay- out.
5. Fasten conduit with straps and clamps.
6. Secure conduits to boxes by lock nuts.
7. Insert wires to the conduit according to the plan.
8. Make necessary connections and taping.
9. Install switches and outlets wiring to boxes as provided.
10. Check wiring connections and connect to power line.

VI. CONCLUSION:

VII. EVALUATION:
1. In what conditions or situations wherein flexible conduit is recommended?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Give some advantages/ disadvantages of using non- metallic flexible conduit as a wire
enclosure.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. What are advantages or disadvantages of placing switches in a single location?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 4 Instructor's Name Rating

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Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No.4 Instructor's Name Rating

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 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

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 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 5 Instructor's Name Rating

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Title:

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 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 5 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 5 Instructor's Name Rating

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Title:

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 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 6 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 6 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 6 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Non-Metallic Rigid Conduit (PVC) Wiring
Laboratory Wiring Practice Nos. 7 to 9

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Identify the different non-metallic conduit fittings and other wiring materials involved
in this wiring method.
2. Prepare rigid non-metallic conduit for wiring installations.
3. Appreciate and develop skills involved in numerous wiring operations.
4. Use basic electrical and mechanical hand tools properly.
5. Follow and observe safety precautions in doing electrical works.
6. Observe good work habits and teamwork with group mates.
7. Perform the following laboratory wiring practices:

L.W.P. # 7 – Lamp A controlled by 2 three-way and 2 four-way switches in four

locations and Lamp B and C are controlled individually by a single pole
switch in one location.
L.W.P. # 8 – Lamp C controlled by 2 three-way in two locations, Lamps B, D and E
are controlled individually by a single pole switch in one location and
Lamp A controlled by a single pole switch.
L.W.P. # 9 - Lamps A and D are controlled individually by a single pole switch in one
location and Lamps B and C are controlled by single pole switch with
one master switch. Branch circuit # 2 has one convenience outlet.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

Rigid non-metallic conduit is made of suitable non-metallic materials, which is resistant to

moisture and chemical atmosphere. For use aboveground, such conduit is also flame retardant,
resistant to impact and crushing, resists distortion due to heat and resistant to damage under
conditions likely to be encountered in service as well as to low temperature and sunlight effects.
For use underground, the material is acceptable resistant to moisture and corrosive agents and of
sufficient strength to withstand abuse, such as impact and crushing in handling and during
installation. Where intended for direct burial, without encasement in concrete, the material used is
capable of withstanding continued loading which is likely to be encountered after installation.
Materials, which have been recognized as having suitable physical characteristics when
properly formed and treated, include fiber, asbestos cement, soapstone, rigid polyvinyl chloride
and high density polyethylene for underground use, and rigid polyvinyl chloride and asbestos
cement for use aboveground.
All approved non-metallic conduits are suitable for underground installations. Some types
are approved for direct burial in the earth while other types must be encased in concrete for
underground applications. The only non-metallic conduit approved for use aboveground at the
present time is rigid polyvinyl chloride. But sine not all polyvinyl chloride conduits are suitable
for use aboveground the Underwriter’s Laboratories label in each conduit will indicate if the
conduit is suitable for such use. Polyvinyl chloride conduits are shipped in lengths of 10 feet.
Nowadays, PVC conduit is one of the most commonly used conduits in electrical wiring
installation due too its greater advantage of easier preparation than rigid metal conduit. In the
preparation of PVC conduit for installation, one has to do the cutting, trimming and bending. After
cutting, all cut ends are trimmed inside with a knife to remove the rough edges. Different conduit
bends are made by heating in such a way that the conduit will not be injured and that the internal
diameter of the conduit will not be reduced. However, field bends are made only with the
equipment specifically approved for the purpose, and the radius of the curve of the inner edge of
such bends should not be less than the figures shown in the table for the radius of conduit bends.
Considering the number of bends in one run, a run of conduit between outlets or boxes should not
contain more than the equivalent of four quarter bends (360 ) total including those bends located
immediately at the outlet or box.
Plastic conduits, which either made of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene comes in various
sizes and dimensions as in rigid steel conduit. There are different bends to conform electrical
installation using PVC. They are as follows:
a. OFFSET BEND- It is needed at the end of the conduit if it is running through an outlet
box for connection of lighting fixture, convenience outlet and similar others.
b. 90 DEGREES BEND- It is required when running the conduit over the joints and when
you want to enter a ceiling or wall outlet on the floor below or from an exposed ceiling
running to a box on the wall.
c. SADDLE BEND- it is made possible when crossing a conduit already in place on a
ceiling and /or passing over an obstruction.
d. GOOSENECK BEND- it is often used for connecting or installing lighting fixture on
the driveways or street.

According to the wiring regulations and requirements as issued in the Philippine Electrical
Code, rigid non-metallic conduit and fittings approved for the purpose may be used under the
following conditions and where the potential is 600 volts as noted in Rule 2331 (b).

1. Underground if encased in not less than two inches of concrete.

2. Direct earth burial if not a type approved for and buried not less than 24 inches below the
surface.
3. In concrete walls, floors and ceilings.
4. In locations subject to severe corrosive influences as set forth in Rule 2065 and where
subject to chemicals for which the materials are especially approved.
5. Cinder fills.
 6. Wet locations. In portion of diaries, laundries, canneries or other wet locations where walls
are frequently washed the entire conduit system including boxes and fittings used
therewith shall also be so installed and equipped as to prevent water from entering the
conduit. All supports, bolts, straps, screws, etc., shall be of corrosion-resistant materials
or protected against corrosion-resistant materials.
7. In dry and damp locations not prohibited by Rule 2331 (b).

However, rigid non-metallic conduit shall not be used under the following conditions:

1. Less than 8 feet above ground outdoors unless protected against physical damage.
2. In hazardous locations except as covered in Rule 4128.
3. In the concealed spaces of combustible construction.
4. For the support of fixtures or other equipment.
5. Where subject to ambient temperatures exceeding those for which the conduit has been
tested.
6. For conductors whose insulation exceeds the conduit temperature limitations?
7. For exceeding 600 volt as unless encased in not less than 2 inches of concrete.
8. In sunlight unless approved for the purposed.

SOME POINTERS ON CONDUIT WIRING

1. Provide a junction box at ever porcelain receptacle used.

2. Used junction box at every junction point with or without joint or tap.
3. Allow 6 –inch “slack” wire at every receptacle, convenience outlet, switch box, safety
switch, and panel box.
4. Use bushing and locknut to secure conduit at boxes.
5. Provide utility box for securing flush-type wall switch and convenience outlet.
6. Secure conduit on surfaces with conduit straps at 24-inch interval.
7. Joints and taps must be covered with rubber tape, friction tape or plastic tape.
8. No joint or tap is allowed within conduit.
9. Remove rough edges of conduit with a knife especially after it has been cut.

III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Qty Unit SPECIFICATION Unit Price Amount

 TOTAL
AMOUNT

IV. TOOLS REQUIRED:

1. Hacksaw 6. Diagonal pliers

2. Smooth round file 7. Long nose pliers
3. Set of screwdrivers 8. Side cutting pliers
4. Blow torch or electric stove 9. Electrician’s pocketknife
5. Tape rule 10. Fish tape

V. PROCEDURE:

1. Remove knockouts punch on metal boxes where conduit enters or is anchored.

2. Install boxes in place as designed. Refer to pictorial diagram.
3. Cut conduit to desired length between boxes and perform the desired bends
4. Install conduit as per lay- out.
5. Fasten conduit with straps and clamps.
6. Secure conduits to boxes by lock nuts.
7. Insert wires to the conduit according to the plan.
8. Make necessary connections and taping.
9. Install switches and outlets wiring to boxes as provided.
10. Check wiring connections and connect to power line.

VI. CONCLUSION:
VII. EVALUATION:

1. Why it is necessary to apply the different bends in PVC conduit?

2. After using both PVC and polyflex what is the advantage of PVC over polyflex and vice
versa?

3. Why do we need to separate the lighting circuit from the convenience outlet circuit?
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 7 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 7 Instructor's Name Rating

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Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 7 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

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 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 8 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 8 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 8 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 9 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 9 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 9 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No.

Combination
Laboratory Wiring Practice Nos. 10 to 11

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Appreciate and develop skills involved in numerous wiring operations.

2. Use basic electrical and mechanical hand tools properly.
3. Follow and observe safety precautions in doing electrical works.
4. Observe good work habits and teamwork with group mates.
5. Perform the following laboratory wiring practices:

L.W.P. # 10 – lamps A and C controlled individually by single pole switch and lamps
B and D controlled by 2 three-way and 1 four-way switches in three
locations with one master switch. Branch # 2 has one convenience
outlet.
L.W.P. # 11 –lamps A, C and D are controlled individually by single pole switch in
one location and lamp B controlled by 2 three-way and 1 four-way
switches in three locations with one master switch. Branch # 2 has one
convenience outlet.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

SOME POINTERS ON CONDUIT WIRING

1. Provide a junction box at ever porcelain receptacle used.

2. Used junction box at every junction point with or without joint or tap.
3. Allow 6 –inch “slack” wire at every receptacle, convenience outlet, switch box, safety
switch, and panel box.
4. Use bushing and locknut to secure conduit at boxes.
5. Provide utility box for securing flush-type wall switch and convenience outlet.
6. Secure conduit on surfaces with conduit straps at 24-inch interval.
7. Joints and taps must be covered with rubber tape, friction tape or plastic tape.
 8. No joint or tap is allowed within conduit.
9. Remove rough edges of conduit with a knife especially after it has been cut.

III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Qty Unit SPECIFICATION Unit Price Amount

TOTAL
AMOUNT

IV. TOOLS REQUIRED:

1. Hacksaw 6. Diagonal pliers

2. Smooth round file 7. Long nose pliers
3. Set of screwdrivers 8. Side cutting pliers
4. Blow torch or electric stove 9. Electrician’s pocketknife
5. Tape rule 10. Fish tape

V. PROCEDURE:

11. Remove knockouts punch on metal boxes where conduit enters or is anchored.
12. Install boxes in place as designed. Refer to pictorial diagram.
 13. Cut conduit to desired length between boxes and perform the desired bends
14. Install conduit as per lay- out.
15. Fasten conduit with straps and clamps.
16. Secure conduits to boxes by lock nuts.
17. Insert wires to the conduit according to the plan.
18. Make necessary connections and taping.
19. Install switches and outlets wiring to boxes as provided.
20. Check wiring connections and connect to power line.

VI. CONCLUSION:

VII. EVALUATION:

1. Why it is necessary to apply the different bends in PVC conduit?

2. After using different types of conduit, which of the following is more convenient to used?

3. Why do we need to separate the lighting circuit from the convenience outlet circuit?
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 10 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 10 Instructor's Name Rating

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Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 10 Instructor's Name Rating

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 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 11 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 11 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 11 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
Manila

Name: Course: Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm. Date:
Professor / Instructor: Rating:

Laboratory Activity No._____

Service Entrance Installation
Laboratory Wiring Practice No. 12
(Two lamps controlled individually by single pole switch.
Branch circuit # 2 has one convenience outlet)

I. OBJECTIVES:

At the end of laboratory activity, the students should be able to:

1. Familiarize themselves with the parts of a service entrance installation.

2. Install a typical service entrance installation.
3. Observe safety precautions while performing the activity.

II. TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

Service Entrance is defined as that portion of the supply conductors, which extend from the
street main ducts or transformer to the service or switchboard of the building supply.

It also refers to the conductor and equipment for delivering energy from the electricity supply
system to the wiring system of the premises served.

It is either: 1. Overhead service entrance

2. Underground service entrance

SERVICE ENTRANCE INSTALLATION

Service refers to the conductors and equipment for delivering energy from the electric supply
system to the wiring system of the premises served

The most common among the two is the overhead and consists of the following parts:
A. Service drop – lines from local power company supplying electricity to the consumers.
The overhead service conductors between the last pole or other aerial support and the
first point of attachment to the building.
B. Secondary rack or wire holder insulator – where the service drop and service entrance
wires are inter-connected.
C. Service entrance conductors – service conductor between the terminals of the service
equipment and a point usually outside the building, clear or building walls, where
joined by tap or splice to the service drop. Encloses the service wires, as required by
the power company in the municipality. The consumer’s main lines, the size of which
is based on the connected loads.
D. Service meter or kilowatt-hour meter - indicates the total amount of electric power
consumed during a given time. It is furnished and installed by the power company and
is sealed against tampering by consumer.
E. Service head or Entrance cap – consist of three parts; the body which is attached to
the conduit; an insulating block, to keep the wires apart where they emerge; the cover,
that keeps the rain out and holds the parts together. Entrance cap protects the wires and
prevents water from entering the service entrance conduit.
F. Service Equipment – the necessary equipment, usually consisting of a circuit breaker
or switch and fuses, and their accessories, located near point of entrance of supply
conductors to a building and intended to constitute the main control and means of cut
off for the supply to that building.
G. Distribution panel – where the electric power is distributed to the branch circuits. It is
also consists of the circuit disconnecting means and over current protection.
H. Disconnecting means – is a device or group of devices whereby the conductors of a
circuit can be disconnected from the electrical power source.
I. Branch circuit – are conductors originating from the distribution panel to the electric
load? They supply power to the connected load (lighting, convenience etc.)

Figure 1. Service Entrance Connection

 SOME SERVICE ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS

1. Only copper conductor shall be used for the service entrance wire.
2. The line sides portion of the service entrance (from the entrance cap to the meter socket)
should never be concealed or embedded except if the size of the service entrance wires or
conductors is No. 1/0 AWG or bigger.
3. Insulators for supporting the service drop wires where they reach the building must be
provided. They must be kept a minimum distance of 6 inches apart.
4. Point of connection of the service entrance wires to the service drop wires should be lower
than the service head. A difference of a foot or so is sufficient.
5. At the top of the service conduit, the Code requires a fitting that will prevent rain from
entering the conduit.
6. An entrance tells is used at the bottom of the conduit, where it enters the building.
7. Location of the meter is usually about 5 to 6 ft. above ground level. (Some power suppliers
have specified heights for meters, so check before deciding where to locate it.)
8. Service entrance conduit shall be properly strapped to the wall of the building.
9. The drip loop (wire protruding at the entrance cap for to the service wire) shall be shorter
than two (2) feet.
10. The line side portion shall always be of rigid metallic electrical conduit. Plastic (PVC)
conduit and BX cable are not allowed.
11. Joints and splices inside conduits are not allowed.
12. Service entrance cap shall be installed 0.91 M (3 ft.) away from open windows and close
to the point of service drop attachment to the building.
13. Meter socket shall be installed facing the street in the clean place, free from the vibration
on the outside wall of a building or on the private pole within 1.6 meters to 2.15 meters
from the ground.
14. In the case of single-phase, three-wire 115/230 volts service, the identified neutral
conductor of the service entrance shall always be grounded to an existing water system or
its equivalent driven ground rods.
15. Line side and load side wire or conductor shall not be contained together in the conduit,
junction box, accessory box, and wire gutter or wire trough.

III. MATERIALS NEEDED:

Qty Unit SPECIFICATION Unit Price Amount

 TOTAL
AMOUNT

VI. TOOLS REQUIRED:

1. Hacksaw 6. Diagonal pliers

2. Smooth round file 7. Long nose pliers
3. Set of screwdrivers 8. Side cutting pliers
4. Blow torch or electric stove 9. Electrician’s pocketknife
5. Tape rule 10. Fish tape
11. Hickey Bender

V. PROCEDURE:

1. Prepare both schematic and pictorial diagram

2. Secure needed materials for the wiring job.
3. Locate positions of the meter base, boxes and safety switch.
4. Mount the said wiring materials as planned.
5. Determine conduit required and make necessary measurements.
6. Make required conduit bends using the hickey.
7. Install rigid steel conduit (RSC) with their adaptors and secure them with locknuts and
conduit straps.
8. Insert wires inside conduit and make necessary connections for the circuit breaker, fuse
cutout and grounding using your # 12 AWG wire for the main conductor and # 14 wire
for the grounding conductor.
VI. CONCLUSION:

VII. EVALUATION:

1. Why do we need to use RSC as a service entrance conduit?

2. In what conditions do we install an overhead service entrance? Underground service entrance?

 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 12 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 PICTORIAL DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 12 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 ONE LINE DIAGRAM

Name: Laboratory Activity No. 12 Instructor's Name Rating

Group No.
Title:

Course, Year & Section:

 BIBLIOGRAPHY
AGPAOA, Feliciano, “Interior and Exterior Wiring and Troubleshooting”, National
Bookstore, Inc.

AGPAOA, Feliciano, “Electrical Transformer Motor Winding Rewinding and

Troubleshooting”, National Bookstore, Inc.

ANDERSON, Edwin P. revised by MILLER, Rex “Home Appliance Servicing” 4th Ed.,
McMillan Publishing Co., New York

ANDERSON, Edwin P. “Wiring diagrams for Light and Power” National Book Store,
Inc.

FAJARDO, Max et al, “ Electrical Lay-out and Estimate”, 2nd Ed., ISBN

FOWLER, Richard J. “Electricity Principles and Applications”. 2nd Ed., McGraw-

Hill Book Co., New York 1984.

IIEE. “ Philippine Electrical Code”, Latest edition, Quezon City

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