Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
2 views

Linux_Os_introduction_part2_module1

The document outlines the architecture of the Linux operating system, detailing its components such as the kernel, system call interface, and user interfaces. It describes the roles of file management, process management, memory management, and device drivers within the system. Additionally, it highlights the features of Linux, including its open-source nature, multi-user capabilities, and compatibility with various hardware and networking protocols.

Uploaded by

Parvathi M.S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Linux_Os_introduction_part2_module1

The document outlines the architecture of the Linux operating system, detailing its components such as the kernel, system call interface, and user interfaces. It describes the roles of file management, process management, memory management, and device drivers within the system. Additionally, it highlights the features of Linux, including its open-source nature, multi-user capabilities, and compatibility with various hardware and networking protocols.

Uploaded by

Parvathi M.S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

B.

Linux System Architecture

1
Applications: Compilers, word processors, X-based GUI
AUI

LINUX Shell: Bourne Again (bash), TC, Z, etc.


Language libraries
API
System call interface

Memory File management Process


management Management
Kernel
Device Drives
BIOS
Computer Hardware

2
l Kernel
– The part of an OS where the real work is done

l System call interface


– Comprise a set of functions (often known as Application Progarmmer’s
Interface API) that can be used by the applications and library routines
to use the services provided by the kernel

l Application User’s Interface


– Interface between the kernel and user
– Allow user to make commands to the system
– Divided into text based and graphical based

3
l File Management
– Control the creation, removal of files and provide directory
maintenance
– For a multiuser system, every user should have its own right to
access files and directories

l Process Management
– For a multitask system, multiple programs can be executed
simultaneously in the system
– When a program starts to execute, it becomes a process
– The same program executing at two different times will become
two different processes
– Kernel manages processes in terms of creating, suspending, and
terminating them
– A process is protected from other processes and can
communicate with the others
4
l Memory management
– Memory in a computer is divided into main memory
(RAM) and secondary storage (usually refer to hard disk)
– Memory is small in capacity but fast in speed, and hard
disk is vice versa
– Data that are not currently used should be saved to hard
disk first, while data that are urgently needed should be
retrieved and stored in RAM
– The mechanism is referred as memory management

l Device drivers
– Interfaces between the kernel and the BIOS
– Different device has different driver
5
Open Source Software
 People improve it, people adapt it, people fix
bugs. And this can happen at a speed that,
compared to conventional software
development, seems astonishing.
What is Linux
 Linux is a generic term referring to Unix-like graphical
user interface (GUI) based computer operating systems.
Features of Linux
 Powerful
 It is Multi-user, Multitasking, Multiprocessor
 Coexists with other Operating Systems
 Runs on multiple platforms
 Includes the Source Code
 Crash proof
 Demand loads executables

 Shared copy-on-write pages among executables


 Linux has CD-ROM file system which reads all standard formats
of CD-ROMs.
 Linux performs well with TCP/IP networking, including
ftp, telnet, NFS, etc.
 Linux also runs as Lan Manager/Windows Native (SMB)
client and server .
 It integrates many networking protocols .

 It’s “free”
 Licensed under GPL
 Vendors are distributors who package Linux
Components of Linux System
 Kernel : Kernel provides the required abstraction to
h i d e l ow l e ve l h a rdwa re d e t a i l s to s ys te m o r
application programs
 System Library : System libraries are special functions
or programs using which application programs or
system utilities accesses Kernel's features
 Sys te m Ut i l i t y : Sys te m Ut i l i t y p ro g ra m s a re
responsible to do specialized, individual level tasks.
Components of Linux System
Architecture
Linux System Architecture is consists of following layers,

Hardware layer - Hardware consists of all peripheral devices (RAM/


HDD/ CPU etc).

Kernel - Core component of Operating System, interacts directly with


hardware, provides low level services to upper layer components.

Shell - An interface to kernel, hiding complexity of kernel's functions


from users. Takes commands from user and executes kernel's
functions.

Utilities - Utility programs giving user most of the functionalities of an


operating systems.

You might also like