) Chapter 10

Vector Algebra
[NCERT: PL-345|April 15, 2023 (1)|
Algebra of Vectors, Section (c) 4 (d) 4
Topic Formula, Position Vector of a (a) 2 (b) -2
< 1,i
For any vector a = aji+ ai+azk, with 10<a,
1
Point, Modulus of a Vector 6.
=1, 2, 3 consider the following statements:
1
Let a band be three non-zero vectors such that
(A) : max (la,, la,, la } <|a|
b and are non-collinear. If ä + 5b is collinear with [April 11, 2023 (1)|
(B) : |a <3 max {la,, la,], la,}
Bh+6c is collinear with and a +ab +Bõ =0,then (a) Only (B) is true
atßis equal to |Jan. 29, 2024(1) (b) Only (A) is true
(c) Neither (A) nor (B) is true
(a) -25 (b) 35 (c) -30 (d) 30 (d) Both (A) and B are true
2 Let Obe the origin and the position vectors ofA and Bbe 7. If the points P andQ are respectively the circumcentre
and the orthocentre of a AABC, then PA+ PB+ PC is
2i +2j+k and 2f +4j +4k respectively. If theinternal |April10, 2023 (II))
equal to
bisector of ZAOB meets the line AB at C, then the length
(a) 2QP (b) QP (c) 2PQ () PQ
ofOC is |Jan. 29, 2024(1)]
2 2
8. If the points with
ai +10)+ 13k,
vectors

@)s4
2
(b) 31 (c) V34
3
(d) N31 6i +1lj+11k,i+Bj-8k are collinear, then (19a -6B
3. The position vectors of the vertices A, B and Cofa triangle is equal to |April 8, 2023 (1)]
are 2i-3j+ 3k, 2i +2j+ 3k and -i+ j+ 3k respectively. (a) 36
(c) 25
(b) 16
(d) 49
Let l denotes the length of the angle bisector AD of ZBAC If vectors a, =xi-j+k and a, =ityj+ zk are
where D is on the line segment BC, then 21 equals:
9.
|Jan. 27, 2024(1I) collinear, then a possible unit vector parallel to the vector
(a) 49 (b) 42 (c) 50 (d) 45 xi+yj+ zk is: |Feb. 26, 2021 (II)]
and C of a
4.
Let the position vectors of the vertices A, B
(b)
triangle be 2i+2j+k,i+2j+2k. and 2i+j+2k
(a)

Tespectively. Let I,, 1, and l, be the lengths of (d)

perpendiculars drawn from the ortho center of the triangle
on the sides AB, BC and CA respectively, then /f +;+{ 10. Ifaunit vector a makes angles /3 with i, rn/4 with j
cquals
|Jan. 27, 2024(11I) and 0e(0, ) with k, then a value ofO is:
|Jan. 11, 2019 (0), Jan. 12, 2019 (1), April09, 2019 (II)
(d) 5 2Tt
(a) (b) (c) 3 (a) 6
(b) (c) 12 (d)
3
S. F are the mid
CetABCD be a quadrilateral. IfE and and
Il. Let 3i +j.i+N3j and pi +(1-B)j respectively be the
Points of the diagonals AC and BD respectively position vectors of the points A, B and C with respect to
the origin O. If the distance of C from the bisector of the
(AB -BC)+(AD - DC) -k FE, then kis cqual to
 B110

3
F.ä= 3,then 32 is equal
to :
INCERT: PL-356|
MATHEMATI
|April
CS
acute angle between OA and OB is
G.then thesum of
(a) 27 (b) 25 8,2024(1)
all possible values ofß is : |2005 (S), Jan. 11,2019 (11) (c) 25 (d) 21
(b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1 which makes an
(a) 4 18. Let a unit vector angle of 60° with
two
12. Let a=(a-2) a +b and B=(44 - 2) a+ 3b be 2i+2i-k and an angle of 45° with i-k be
b are non-collinear.
gIven vectors where vectors a and
collincar, is:
The value ofÀ for which vectors a and B are
|2013 (S), Jan. 10, 2019 (1)|
is:
JApril. 4, 2024(1)
(a) -4 (b) -3 (c) 4 (d) 3
the
13. Let ABC be atriangle whose circumcentre is at P. If
+b+
position vectors A, B, C and P are a.b.c and 4 (a) 3 3

respectively, then the position vector of the orthocentre

ofthis triangle, is: |Online April 10, 2016]

(a)
+b+ö)
(b) +b+ö
(b) i3/2i
3

(b+8)
2

14. Ifthe vectors AB = 3 + 4k and AC = 5i2+4k are

the sides ofa triangle ABC, then the length of the median (d) 3
through A is (2013|
(b) V72 19% If > 0, let 0 be the angle between the vectors
(a) V18
(c) V33 () V45 äi+j-3k and b= 3i-= 2k. If the vectors +6
15. Let a.b. c be three non-zero vectors which are pairwise and ä -b are mutually perpendicular, then the value of
non-collinear. If a+ 3b is collinear with c and b+2c is (14 cos ) is equal to
collinear with a,then a +3b+ 6c is: [NCERT: PL-370|April. 4, 2024(1D)
|2011RS] (a) 25 (b) 20
(a) a (b) c (d) atc
c) 50 (d) 40
20, Consider a AABC where A(1, 3, 2), B(-2, 8, 0) and
Scalar or Dot Product of two C(3, 6,7). Ifthe angle bisector of BAC meets the line t
Vectors, Projection of a Vector at D, then the length of the projection ofthe vector
Topic
2 Along any other Vector,
Component of a Vector on the vector AC is :
NCERT: PL-358 | Feb. 1, 2024()
16. The set of all a, for which the vector ä = ati +6j-3k 37
(a) (b) 19
and b= tí -2j- 2atk are inclined at an obtuse angle for 2V38
all te R is: INCERT :PL-371| April 8,2024 (1)) (c)
39 /38
2V38 (d)
(a) (0,1) (b) (-2,0] and
21. Let aunit vector o =xi + yË+ zå makeangles 3
2T and
with the vectors 1
3
47. Let ã=i+2j+ 3k, b 2i+3j-Sk and = i-i+at
be three vectors. Let r be a unit vector along b+ë If
J5 respectively. If =
then ú v is equal to
MectorAlgebra B111

INCERT:PL-368|Jan. 29,2024(11)|
(b)
(b) 7 (c) (d) 9
(a) 2
Theleast positive integral value of a, for which the angle
vector which
22 between the vectors ai -2j+2k and ai + i=1,2,3 be a
2oj- 2k is 28. Let ã =ai t a,j +a,k a, > coordinates axes OX, OY
0,
acute,Is INCERT :PL-357| NA, Jan. 27, 2024(1)l makes equal angles with the vector 3i +4j
el PQ ofa circleesubtends aright angle at its centre O. and 0Z. Also, let the projection ofä on the
are
An with 90°, If
mid point of the arc PO is R. If OP =u,0R =v vector obtained by rotating
be 7, Let b be a b
projection ofa vector
The
coplanar, then
and00- =au+Bv, then
a, B² are the roots of the , b andx-axis are
equation |April 10, 2023 (1)) on 3i + 4j is equal to 25. 2022 (1)]
(a) x-x-2=0 (b) 3x+ 2x-1 =0 INCERT:PL-370|June (d) 7
(c) x²+x-2=0 (d) 3x-2x- 1 =0 (c) 2
(a) 7 (b) 2
vector v be
Ta Si-j-3k and b = i+3j + 5k be two vectors. Let a=2i-i+2k andb=i+2i-k. Let a
Then which1one ofthe following statements is TRUE? 29. perpendicular to
containing a and b. If v is
INCERT:PL-358| Feb. 1, 2023(D) In the plane
17 3í+2-k and its projection on a is 19 units,
Projection of a on b is and the direction of the the vector
(a) V35
projection vector is same as of b then 2 is equal to 2021 (11D)
[NCERT:PL-356 |NA, Sep. 1,
Projection of a on b is
17 and the direction of the
two vectors such that 2a + 3b =3a + b
(b) V35 and b be
opposite to the direction oc0. Let a
projection vector is is a unit
and b is 60°, If ã
a
and the angle between
-17 and the direction of the 8
is
(c) Projection of a on b V35
projection vector is same as of
b. vector, then b is equal to :
-17
and the direction of the INCERT:PL-356 |Aug. 31, 2021 ()|
(d) Projection of a on b is V35 (a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 8

projection vector is opposite to

the direction of b vector i +2j+k on the sum of the
31. Ifthe projection of the
two nonzero vectors
25. Let a - 2i+ j+k, and b and be two vectors 2i+4j-5k and -i+2j+3k is 1, then 2 is
=0. Consider the
such that lã +b+d=l+b- and b.ë equal to
INCERT :PL-358 |NA, Aug. 26, 2021 (I1)|
following two statement: Jan. 31, 2023 ()
[NCERT: PL-356]
(a-4b) is
(A) ä+2ca for all2 eR.
32. If (a+35) is perpendicular to (7a-Sb) and
B) åand Care always parallel perpendicular to (7a -2b), then the angle between
(a) only (B) is correct
(b) neither (A) nor (B) is correct a and b (in degrees) is
(c) only (A) is correct [NCERT:PL-356 | NA, July 25, 2021 (1D)
(d) both (A) and (B) are correct.
be Let a, b, c be three mutually perpendicular vectors ofthe
Let a =4i+3j+5k and B=i+2j-4k . Let Bi
a.If same magnitude and equally inclined at an angle , with
parallel to gand B2 be perpendicularto
is the vector a +b+c. Then 36 cos²20 is equal is
the value of 5B,.(i+j+k)
B=B+B,, henINCERT:PL-356|Jan. 24, 2023 (I1D)| INCERT:PL-356 |NA, July 20, 2021 (1D)
(d)9
la) 6 (b) 11 (c) 7 34. For p>0, a vector V =2i +(p+1)j is obtained by rotating
27, Let Sbe tthe set of angle between
all a e Rfor which the
the vector VË =3pi +j by an angle 0 about origin in
the vectors u = a(log, b)i -6j+ 3k and
Then Sis
v= (log. bË +2j+ 2a(log. b)k,(b >I) isacute.
equal to: INCERT:PL-356| 28 July, 2022(11)|
 B112
b= 2ã and a is perpendicular to
MATHEMATICS
(avs-2) Then a possible
then the value of (,, A, ) is:
counter clockwise direction.
If tan = INCERT:PL-356| Jan. 10, 2019 u
(a) (1,3, 1)
value of a is equal to
NCERT:PL-370|NA, July 20, 2021 (11)|
=8,CA=7,AB=10,thenthe
35, In atriangle ABC,if BC (d) (1,5, 1)
iS equal to:
projection ofthe vector AB on AcMarch 18, 2021 (1)L 44. Let ä=i+j+2k, b=b, î +b, j+\2k and
INCERT: PL-358|
115 25 127 85 =5f +i+N2k be three vectors such that the proier.
(b) (c) (d) 14
(a) 16 4 20 tion vector of b on is .If ä + b is perpendicular to
36. If and b are unit vectors, then the greatest value of , then | b|is equal to:
man [NCERT: PL-370| 2013, Jan. 09, 2019 (IDI
V3j+b|+|-b| is (c) V22 (d) 4
.NCERT:PL-356 |NA Sep. 06, 2020 (1)) (a) V32 (b) 6
45. In a triangle ABC, right angled at the vertex A, if the position
31. If x and y be two non-zero vectors such that +y =
vectors of A, Band C are respectively 3i+j-k
and 2+ù is perpendicular to ÷,then the value of is
[NA, Sep. 06, 2020 (I)] -i+3j+pk and 5î +qj-4k, then the point(p, q) lis on
aline: INCERT:PL-371 |Online April 9, 2016]
38. Let the vectors , b, be such that l- 2,|b=4 and (a) making an obtuse angle with the positive direction of
X-axis
| 4. If the projection of b on is equal to the (b) parallel to x-axis
projection of on and b is perpendicular to , then the (c) parallel to y-axis
value of +b-| is (d) making an acute angle with the positive direction of
X-axis
[NCÉRT:PL-370| NA, Sep. 05, 2020 (1)|
39. Let a,b,ceR be such that a' +b'+c=1. If Aó. Inaparallelogram ABCD, 4B=a, AD =b and 4C=c
then DA. AB has the value :
a cos = where =9 [NCERT:PL-356 | Online April 11, 2015|
then the angle between the vectors ai +bË +ck and (a- B+)
(b) 2
bi +cË +ak is: [Sep. 03, 2020 (I)]
1 1
2T (c) 2
(a' +b?-c) (d) (6 +d-a)
(a) (b) 3 (c) 9 (d) 0
2 47. If ,ó and | are three unit vectors in three-dimensional
49. Let ,b and be three unit vectors such that space, then the minimum value of
l-5f +l -aP=8. Then |ã+25 +|+2f is |Online April 12, 2014)
equal to
|*+9+|9+af +2+a
TNCERT:PL-370| NA,Sep. 02, 2020 (1)| 3
(d) 6
41. The projection of the line segment joining the points (a) 2
(b) 3 (©) 3/3
(1, -1, 3) and (2, -4, 11) on the line joining the points
(-1,2,3) and (3, -2, 10) is
INCERTTP-I58 | NA, Jan. 9, 2020()) 48. Ifla=2,b=3 and 2a-PL-3701Online
b=5, then 2a+ b cquas
April 9, 201H)
[NCERT:
42. Avector =ai +2j +Bk (a, Be R) lies in theplane of (a) 17 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 1
the vectors, B -i+ jand = i - j +4k. If bisects 49. If a, band care unitvectors satisfving a-3b +c=U:
the angle between b and ,then: then the angle between the vectors a and c is : 2013)
INCERT:PL-371|Jan. 7, 2020(1)| |OnlineApril22,
(a) a'î +3=0 (b) i +|=0
(c) k +2=0 (d) k +4 =0 (a) 4
(b) 7 (c) 6

3. Let =2i +hyj+ 3k, b=4i +(3-A,)j+6k and be thfe

50. Let a= 2i-j+k,5 =i+2)-X and c=i+i-2 scalar ).
¿=3i +6j +(h3- 1)k be three vectors such that vectors. A vector of the type b+Ac for some
Vector Algebra B113

|NCERT: PL-370| 2002 (S), 2008]

whose projection is of magnitude
on a is: (d) n
(a) 0 (b) (c) 2
|NCERT: PL-358|Online April 9, 2013)
(b) 2i+3j- 3Á Vector or Cross Product of two
(a) 2i+j+SÉ Topic vectors, Area of a Parallelogram &
(0) 2i-j+SÉ (d) 2i +3j+3Å 3
that AB =@.AD= Triangle
K1 Let ABCD be a parallelogram such 3b, where Oisthe
58. Let OA = 2ã,OB= 6ã + 5b and OC =
and/BAD be an acute angle. If F is the vector that
onincide with the altitude directed from the vertex B to the sides
origin. If the area of the parallelogram with adjacent
side AD, then Yis given by: |2012]
OA and 0C is 15 sq. units, then the area (in
sq. units) of
(a) F=3q- (b) F=-7+:(p.4) the quadrilateral OABC is equalto :
(PP) [NCERT:PL-364 |April 9, 2024 (1)|
(c) F=@ (d) Y=-3q 3(p-4) p (a) 38 (b) 40 (c) 32 (d) 35
(p-p) b=5i+3j+ 4k,
Let i and b be two unit vectors. If the vectors 59. Let three vectors = ai+ 4j+ 2k,
F=i+26 and d = 5û 4b are perpendicular to each other. = xi+ yj+ zk from a triangle such
that =ã-b and
then the angle between û and b is
: positive real number,
|NCERT : PL-370|2012| the area of the triangle is 5/6.ifa is a
then ( is: [NCERT: PL-367| April9, 2024 (1)]
(b) , (©) 3 . (a) 4
(b) 14 (c) 12 (d) 10
then the
(a) 16 statements:
60. Between the following two
Statement-I :Let =i+2j-3k and b= 2i +j-k. Then
angle between a and b is
[NCERT: PL-370 |Online May 19, 2012] and .f = 0 is of
the vector Y satisfying ä xY=åxb
(b) (C) 6 (d 2
dicular to the vector
magnitude 10.
A unit vector which is perpen Statement-II : In a triangle ABC, cos2A + cos2B +
j-k and
2i-j+2k and is coplanarwith the vectors î + [April 9, 2024 (IID|
|Online May 12, 2012] cos2C>-2
2i+2j -k is
3i +2j-2k (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
incorrect
(a) 2j+k (b)
V17 is correct
(b) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II
3i+2j+2k ()
2i +2j-k (c) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct
(c) 3 is incorrect
ofA and C (d) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II
ABCD is parallelogram. The position vectors aand B
are respectively, 3 +3j+5k and
i-5j-5k . IfM is the 61. Let =2i+ aj+k, b=-i+k, =pi-k, whereordered
magnitude of the values of the
midpoint of the diagonal DB, then the are integers and aß =-6. Let the parallelogram of
is the origin, is 2012| pair (a, B) for which the area of the
projection of OM on 0C.where OOnline May 7,
[2003 (S), and
7 diagonals ãtb and b+ë is Y be (a,. B,)
a) 7/51 b) (c) 7/50 (d) 51 |April 9, 2024 (11)]
(a,, B)
56. If the vectorS =i-j+2k , b=2l+4j+k and Then a +Bi -a,. B, is equal to
= (d) 19
C=Ai+j+uk are mutually orthogonal, then (2,) (b) 24 (c) 21
(a) 17
2006(S)|
NCERT:PL-370|2010, and =I7i2j+k
(c) (3,-2) (d) (-3,2) 62. Let ä-9i-13j+25k, 6= 3i +7j-13k
t4) (2,-3) (b) (-2,3) r byã= 86 If r is a vector such
that
The non-zero vectors are . band arerelated be three given vectors.
is
and =6. Then the angle between ¿and
 ANSWER KEYS
(b) 20 (a) 39 (a) 58 (d) 77 (48) 96 (11)| 115 (a) 134 (b) 153 (@) 172 (b)
2 (c) 21 (c) 40 (2) 59 (b) 78 (38) 97 (36) 116 (a) 135(c) 154 (a) 173 (d)
(d) 22 (5) 41 (8) 60 (b) 79 (285) 174 (b)
3 (c) 98 (c) 117 (a)136 (d) 155
4 (b) 23 (a) 42 (c) 61 (d) 80 (b) 99 (3) 118 (d) 137 (a) 156 (c) 175 (d)
(C) 24 (Bonus) 43 (b) 62 (569)| 81 (a) 100 (b) 119 (c) 138 (a) 157 (a) 176 (18)
6 (d) 25 (c) 44 (b) 63 (b) 82 (b) 158 (d) 177(Bonus)
101 (c)120 (d) 139 (b)
7 (d) | 26 (c) 45 (d) 64 (a) 83 (a) 102 (a) 121|(576)| 140 (b) 159 (c) 178 ()
8 (a) 27 (c) 46 (c) 65 (46) 84 160 (3501) 179 (b)
(a) 103 (a) 122| (c) 141| (b)
(a) 28 (b) 47 (b) 66
9 (d) 85 (66)| 104 (b) 123 (c) 142 (b) 161 (2) 180 (b)
10 (d) 29 (1494) 48 (c) 67 (b) 86 (a) 105 (b) 124| (90) 143 (a) 162 (a) 181 (C)
11 (d) 30 (C) 49 (b) 68 (30) - 87. (d) 106 (8) 125 (3) 144 (c)163 (a) 182 (b)
12 (a) 31 (5) 50 (b) 69 (a) 88 (b) 107 (a) 126| (2) 145 (d) 164 (c)
13 (c) 32 (60) 51 (b) 70 (b) 89 (d) 108 (c) 127 (d) 146 (c) 165|(Bonus)
14 (c) 33 (4) 52 (c) 71 (c) 90 (a)109 (14)| 128 (a) 147| (b) |166| (I50)
15 (c) 34 (6) 53 (a) 72 (54) 91 (C) 110 (d) 129 (28) 148| (d) 167 (14)
16 (c) 35 (d) 54 (d) 73 (d) 92 (11) |111 (b) 130 (12) 149 (b) 168 (a)
17 (b)36 (4) 55 (d) 74 (a) 93 (b) 112 (36)| 131 (2) 150 (c) 169 (9)
18 (d) 37 (1.00) 56 (d) 75 (38) 94 (d) 113 (d) 132 (0.8) 151 (b) 170 (a)
19 (a) 38 (6.00) 57 (d) 76 (c) 95 (a) 114 (c)133 (d) 152 (C) 171 (2)
 Chapter 10

Vector Algebra
4. (b) AB = BC = CA= 2
1. (b) +5b = Ac .. () AABC is equilateral
So, orthocentre and centroid will be same
b+6c =Ha ..(i)
Eliminiating a
Ac-Sb= +b ==-30 A(2,2, 1)
Substitute in ()
a+ 5b =-30c
a +5b+3Oc = 0
a=5, ß =30
2. (c) Since, 0C is angle bisector of ZAOB B
(1, 2, 2) (2, 1, 2)
OA AC 1
|OB |BC|
Mid-point of ABis
Using section formula
A B
oC+2i+5,2k
3
(2, 2, 1) 1:2 (2, 4,4) 9 36

Length of OC =
V136 2V34
3 3

3. (G) Since, AB -5=AC 5. (C) Given, AB- BC+AB- DC =kFE

AABCis isosceles triangle so, AD is median also. -(i-a)-(e-B)+(a-a)-(&-a)= kFE
A(2,-3, 3)

D
(a) c)
F)

B
E)
D C
B
(2 2, 3) (1, 1, 3)
) (6)
Dis midpoint of BC
= 2(2)-2(2e) =kFË »4(f-e) =kFE
4FE=kFE k=4
6. () Without loss of generality
Let |a, |s|a, |sa, |

.. 2/45
’la|2|la, = max |a,ll a, ll a .(A) is true
Mector Algebra B351

if=la,f +|a, ' +la,f s| a, P+la, P+la,|?

lls3|a, P Unit vector parallel to xi + yi+ zk=
lalsN3la;| = V3 max la, |a, |.|a, |}
sN3 max {| a, ||a, |.|a, |} i-1'j+22k
(B) istrue
VI+22."
= 1, possible unit vector
i-j+k
P Let V3
G
10. (d) Let cos a,cos B, cos y be direction
cosines of a.
1. (d) B
D
.. cos a=cos, cosß= cos 4 and cos y =cos0
3'
Q ’ cos+cos cos? 0= 1 cos?0= 4
4
We know that centroid (G) divides the distance between T 2T
orthocentre and circumcentre in 2:1
’ cos0 =+0= 3
. GQ= 2PG
2
..) 11. () Since, the angle bisector of acute angle between OA
Let D is mid-point of length BC. By internal division and OB would bey =x
formula,
1(PB)+1(PC) B(/3)
PD = 1+1
PB+ PC
PD: ’ PB+ PC= 2PD
2 A3,)
PA+PB+ PC= 2PD+ PA ..(i1)
1(PA) +2(PD)
& PG=
2+1 S3
3PG = PA +2PD ..iü) Since, the distance of C from bisector =
By equations (ii) and (ii)
PA +PB+ PC= 3PG B-(1-B) 3
[:: by (i)] J25-2B=3+lȧ=2 or B=-1
2PG+ PG’ GÌ+ PG
Hence, the sum of all possible value of ß= 2+(-1) = 1
PO
12. (a) Let a. and ß are collinear for same ki.e., a =kß
So, PA +PB+ PC= PQ
’ (a-2) +b =k(42-2) +3 b)
8. (a) A(a.10,13), B(6,11,1 ).c|.B.-8 (a-2) +b=k47-2) t 3kb
(a-2-k(47 2)) k+b (1-3)=0
Now AB =(6- aji+j- 2k] But and þ are non-collinear, then
BC-i+(ø11)j-19k 2-2-k(42-2) =0, 1-3k=0
1
AB | BC k=and A-2- (42-2) =0
a-6 -1 2 32-6 42 +2 =0’=-4
So,
3/2 11-ß 19 a+b+c
13. (c) Position vector of centriod G= 3
3
a6 &1922-2B
19 a+bte
3 117 Position vector of circumcentre = 4
a= 6+ & 2ß 41
19 19 Since, orthocentre H,divides centroid Gand
(19g-6B-(117-123 36 circumcentre Pexternally 3: 1.
9
(a) Since, a and a, are collinear, therefore d, ha atb+c
Thus OH - 3G- 2 (a+b+c)- 2 4

a+b+e
Now, xi + yË+ zk =i-j +hk 2
 B352 MATHEMATICS
Lä=k(b.+ ã)
3=k(2 +6- 15+3-2+32)
3-k(-6+ 32,)
R Y=k(5i+2j-(5-2)k)
P
lrl=ky25+ 4+ 25 +22-102, =1
14. (c) We have, 3 1
k= put in (ii)
AB + BC +CA -0 BC=AC - AB -6+32 -2+2
Let M be mid-point ofBC
4+2'-42, =54+) -102.
Now, BM. AC- AB |" BM = 62 = 50 32= 25
2
18. () = Ci +Chj+Czk
G+cj+ci=1 .)
C(2i +2j-k) =|C|V9 cos 60°
3

B M
2C +2C, -C=; ...ii)
Also, we have
(i-h=|C|V2 cos 45°
AB+ BM + MA =0’ AB + AC- AB-= AM C-C,= 1
2 From (ii) and (iii), we get
AM AB+ AC
2 = 4i-j+ 4k AM-V33 C+2C, = 2 ..(iv)
15. (c) As per question
a+ 3b = hc ...i) Solving (i), (i) and (iv)

On solvingb+2c=a N2.1
..ü) -1 2 1
equations (i) and (ii) C=
(1+3u)a-(2+6)c =0
As and are non collinear,
1+3u =0 and 2 +6=0
From (i), a+35+ 6c=0 19. (a) (+b)-(-b) =0
16. (c) ã= ati +6j-3k (::k+b is perpendicular to b)
b=ti-2j-2atk | -|5|=0’1+ 12+9=9+1 +4
If angle between ã & b is obtuse 3--6
.:.N=2,cos 0 =
ä.b < 0.teR lä|-|b|N14-V14
at-12 + 6at <0
(:: d- 2as A>0)
at2 +6t-12 <0, VteR 14 cos =3-8=-5
a<0, and D <0 .. (14 cos0)2 =25
364+48a<0 20. (a)
12a(3a +4) <0 A(1, 3, 2)
4
<a<0
3
Also, fora=0, a.b<0 B
(-2, 8, 0) D C3, 6, 7)
Hence a e
( G3)
17. (b) Here, Y= k(b+c) Given points are A(1,3, 2); B(-2, 8,0): C(3, 6,7)
Given that Yä=3 Now, AC =2i+3j+ 5k
Vector Algebra B353

AD=
(ai-2j+2k)\ai+2j-2k)
22. (5) cos = Va'+4+4 Va?+4a?+4
AB= V9+ 25 +4 = v38
AC= V4+9- 25 =38 a'-4a-4
is positive
cos 0 = J+8/5a' +4
Length of projection of AD on AC 4>8’(a-2)>8
’a'-4a -4>0a'-4a+
ADAC 37
’a-2>22 or a-2<-2J2
AC| 2V38
a>2+22 or <2-2J2
1. (C) Given, unit vector o = xi+yi+zk (4.82, o )
ae(- o,-0.82) U
of a= 5
Least positive integral value
problem
23. (a) Since figure of the given
P(u)
R()
Now angle between ûand p, =, Q(au +pv)
X Z
up = 0 -=0

X+Z=0 ...)

Angle between û and p, = u.v=|ulvcos 45°

Now, ().(au +Bv)=0 au+Blujcos45° =0
üp, -ü|.|P, |cos
Z 1 1
..(ii)
-ytz= Since, lau +B=r
2T a? +B² +V2aß =1 ’ a=-1, B = 2
Angle between ûand p, = 3 So, required equation x-x-2=0
2Tt 24. (Bonus) Given the vectors are a=si-j-3k,
üp, -ú|.|p, |cos 3
b=i-3j+5k
-1
X

J2 2
4x+y= J2 ...i) Projection =
5-3-15 -13

From equation (i), (ii) and (iii), we get

V35 J35
25. (c) Since, given a +b+c=la +b
1
X

2-b+26-© +20- - 2ã-b- 26-ö-28-

4ä- =0
So, (B) is incorrect
Thus, ú- v= Now, lã +Ac la
True VeR (A) is correct.
26. (c) Let P, =Aa, B, -B-B
-(i:2j- a)-(si 3j+sk)
-(1-44)i+2-32)j-(5A +4)kand B,. =0
B354 MATHEMATICS

’ 4(142) +3(2 -32) -S(52+ 4) = 0 x+4y =0 ...)

4-16a +692- 252 20= 0’ 502 = -10 and v.â = 19 ’2(2x + y)-x+ 2y) + 2(2x-y) =19 x3
9x-2y=57 From (i) y=-3/2, x =6
..27=21i-18j-27k ’ |2 =V1494 = 1494
9: 13 30. (c) Given, |2a +36| 3a +b|
Bi j -3k= Sõ, =9i +13j15k then 3a +b|° -l2a+35
So, SB,(i+j+k) =9+13-15=7 4a +96+12lalblcos60°
27. (c) For acute angle kù>0 -9la +|B +6lalllcos60:
’ a(log, b) -12 +6a(log,b) >0,Vb>1
let log b=x’>0 as b> 1 ’ sla-6|a|| b|cos60° =8&
y=ax+ 6ax 12 &y>0, 4x>0
4
ae 36a? +48a>0 12a(3a +4)>0 a> 3
28. (b) Given vector is
40-36I=6 B +36-40 =0
’ b=-8, (rejected), lb| =5
= ai tazj+ a_k 31. (5) Sum of two vectors
=2i+4j- sk +(-ai+2j+ 3k)=(2-A)i +6j 2k
1
When angle is equal then cos a =
1(2-) +2(6)+1 x (-2)
Projection
J2-a) +6 +2?
Now projectionof on =7 12-2
==i (12 2)'= 2-42 +44
Here =3i +4j i=7
-4. +44
’ 144+2-242=2-42+ 44
r ’100= 202’=5
i+j+k).(3i +4j) -7r=5/3
5 32. (60) Given that( +36) 1(7 sb)
Put the value of r in the value of , then
- si +j+h) (5+36).(7i-s6) =0
As ,b &x-axis are coplanar then 7|a?-1s|6 +16a.b =0 ...)
i=52. (i +j+k) +u) Also, ( -46) L(7i-26)
Take, ab = cos90°||| b| 252(3) +5u = 0
15).+u=0>u=-152 (-46). (7ä-25) =0
6=51(-2i+j+k) 7laf+sB-30a.b 0 .()
1
Take modulus both side |5 -5/3 ’2=t from() &(), 6- 2b and la =2ab ’la-6
So, cos0 ’060°
2la
Projection of b on 3i +4j is
33. (4) Given, la=B=a|
b(3í5+4j))-t (+b+c) a +b' +c +2(b +bë+ë)
now

29. (1494) Given =2i-j+2k and b=i+2j-k

Let = 3i +2j-k
Vector in plane containing and b is > ù= x£ + yb
now
a(a+b+e)=la.|Jä +b+leos0
-(2x+y)i+(-x +2y) j+ (2x -y)k cos ala 1

alla +b+e
Given, v(3i +2j-k)=0 cos 20 =
3(2xt y) + 2(-x + 2y)-(2x y) -0 9 36 cos 20 = 36x=4
Vector Algebra B355

14. (6)
Since v, is obtained by rotation of v,
39. (a) Let a cos =
Thus.=v
3p'+l=4 +(p + 1)? k k
2p'- 2p-4=0’p-p-2 =0 then, a= b= C=

-2,-l(Rejected) cos 0 2n
cos 0+a) cos(0.
As, cos 0= 2V3p+(p+1) Given, a?+ 62+c2=|
Let p =ai +bj +ck , =bi +cË +ak
4V3 +3 4V3+3 pq =|Dllcosa
+c+a' cosa.
V3V13 13
’ ab+bc+ca =Va'+b' +e'B
’cos a = ab+ bc+ ca
tan =
VI12-24V3 6/3-2 av3-2 4n
4V3+3 4V3+3 4V3+3 cos0+ 3
-cos +cos 0
ab + bc+ ca = k2 L 4T 2Tt
K (d) Projection of AB
on A4G cos 0+-cos9-cos 0+ 3
(AB)-(AC)
= P (say)
|AC| cos 0+2 cos(0+n)- cos
AB||AC| cos AB| cos = k 4T
|AC| cos0-cos(0+cos 0+
Let 9 be the angle between AB and 4c. 1
AB|2 +|4C -| BCP 10 +72 8? cos - 2cos. 2 =0
.. cos = =k? 2rt 4
2|AB|| BC | 2-10-7 cos-cos 0+-cos 0+
3 3
10-85 85
Projection = 2-10-7 14 (ai +bj +ck)- (bi +j +ak)
COSO=
36. (4) Let angle between and b be 0. Ja'+b?+b+? +a'
T

a+b=Ni+1+2oos @
= 2lcos a-b=1] cos a =ab + bc + ca= 0’ a= 2

40. (2)|b -I
Sinilarty | -b =2sin l-b +|-f=8 kb+ =-2
Now, | +26| +|+2 |
=2] +4 |b| +4| +4(-b +k-) =2
+b
Maximum value of (acos 0+ bsin 0) = a' 41. (8) Let P(1,-1, 3), 02, -4, 11), R(-1, 2, 3)
Maximum value = 2/(V3)+(1)' =4. and S(3,-2, 10) Then, PØ =i-3j+8k
3. (1.00) Projection of PQ on RS
Hi+j|=|| PQ.RS 4+12+56
=8
Squaring both sides we get
RS +(4' +(7)°
21,j+ F.j =0 .)
42. (c) Angle bisector between b and can be
Also 2Y+2,ù and ù are perpendicular ä=(b+©) or ä=u(b-o
.(1)
2-j+),j-ý=0
Comparing 1) and(ii), 2=1
8. (6.00) 3V2
Projection of bon d=Projection of on a

5-)a-0 orb-T =0(:: à =0) Compare with å =ai t+ 2) +B&

Given, b- =0 22 2 A= 3/2
+|l +2ã-h- 2h- - 2d- N2
lä+b-P=laf +|b
-4+ 16 +16= 36. =lä+b-c6
 MATHEMATICS

B356
=band AC =c
So, =4i+2j+ 4k 46. (C) Let AB -a, AD AC
Not satisfy any option We have AB + AD =
D
itj_i-j+4k
Nowconsiderã=ul 3N2

ä=+3j-i+j -4k) =2i+4)-4k) B

get
Compare with £=ai +2)+ B On squaring both the side, we
+2 AB. AD = |AC P
=2 u= 3V2 ä=i+2j-2k
3V2 a'+b242 AB. (-DA) =c?
. ak+2-(i+2)-2X):k +2 =-2 +2=0 2AB . DA =a2 + b²-c2
43. (b) 6-2a (a? + b? -c2)
’ DA.AB =
4i +(3-à)j+6* =4i +2hjj +6k
47. (6) (i+ý+2) >0’3+ 2Ei.j >0’ 2Ei,j >-3
3-4-24 ..)
ais perpendicular to c i.e., ac=0
6+6, +3(04,-I) =0=2 +24, +4,-1=0 Now, Ji+ s +ý+2 +|2 +i =6+2zij2 6+(-3)
4--2),-1 ..(i) i+i +i+ +|2+3
Since
o) satisfies equation (i) and (ii). Hence, one 48. (c) Given |2ã-b| =5
V2la'+|6 -2x|2|| b|cos0 -5
of possible value of ,=,=4 and , =0 Putting values of | and |b|, we get
44. b) Projection of B on a =
b- b+b, +2 (2x2)' +(3)-24 cos 0 25 ’ cos® = 0 ’ 0 =
4

b +b, +2= |2 +b| = V16+9+24 cos = V25 - 5

According to question 2 W+1+22 49. (b) Let angle between âand be .
b+b, =2 ..)
Since, ã+b is perpendicular to c. Now, â -36+ê= 0 (â+) = V36
Hence, ä-ë+b-g =0 ’ (â+Ô) .(â +Ô) =3(6.b)’ ûâ+âê+ .â+ôê=3x1
-8+5b, + b, +2=0 ..i)
From (i) and (). ’1+2 cos +l=3’ cos =
3
b--3.b,-5= 5=-3.i+5j +W2k
B-9-25+2 =6 50. () Let d = b+h c
45. (d) AB 4i+2j+(p+)k, . =i+2j -k+a(î +j -2k)
AC-2+(q-)j-3 = (1+4)i+(2 +2)j(1+22)k
AB LAC ABAC -0 IfO be the angle between d and a,then
projection of d
or (b+à c) on a
d.a d.a
-|d |cos 0=|d|
|a|
2(2 +)- (à+2)-(22 +1) -1-1
-8+2(q
+1)-0
3p-Za V4+1+1 V6
(p.q) lies on 3x-2y +13 =0, slope But projection of d on a
. Acute angle withxaxis
2+22 +1 2
6 3
 Vector Algebra B357
12+22-3 =0’ 2+32--3 =0 2
At 3) 1(0+3) =0, = 1,-3 2
then x = .y =7 z= -
When q 3
|3
when A=1, then b+ Ac =2i+3)-3É then x =
2 2
When q 3
=-3, then
a
when
b+e=-2i-j
Let ABCD be a parallelogram
+5k
such that Here required unit vector is i+-k
51.
IR=d, AD = pand ZBAD be an acute angle,
We have
or-i-.
55. (d) D

From triangle law bisect each other. So, mid

In a parallelogram, diagonals
Let f= BA=BA+AY =-+p4; point of DBis also the mid-point of AC.
Mid-point of M= 2i-j
(c) Given that C= â+ 2b and d= 5â 46 and d. r. ofOC= (1, - 5, - 5), d.r. of OM =(2, - 1,0)
Angle 0 between OM and OC is given by
lal- l6l=1. Since andd are perpendicularto each other
cos =
(1x2) +(-5)(-1) +(-5)(0)
(à+2b). (5â 4b) = 0 ’ 5+ 6â-6-8=0 W2² +(-1 Va'+(-s +(-s)?
à-b= 1 2+5 7
2 3
53. (a) Let a +b +c=0(at b) =-c
(a+ b = c a'+b2+ 2a.b=2 Projection of OM on OC is given by
9+25 + 2.3.5 cos =49 7
7
|OM.cos0= 5x
V5x51 51
56. () Given that, ,b and are mutually orthogonal
1 :. a.b=0, b.=0, . =0
2 27+4+u=0 ...)
S4. (d) Let xi+ yi+ zk be the required unit vector. A-1+2u=0
On solving (i) and (ii), we get =-3,u =2
Since a is perpendicular to (2i-j+ 2k). 8
2x-y+ 2z = 0 ...)
57. () Clearly =-ë
Since vector xi+ yj+ zk is coplanar with the vector ’ || and are opposite in direction
ij-k and 2i+2)-k. .. Angle between and ¿ is t. B
x+yj+ zh =p (i+j-k)+q (2i+2)-k), (6b+ Sb)
where p and g are some scalars.
5x+yj +zk (p+ 2q)i +(p+ 24))-(p +)k (3b)/
p+ 24. y=p+ 24, z P9
Now from cquation (1), 58. (d)
4pt 4gp 24-2p 24 =)
0 p 0,. x 24, y 24, z 4
Olnce vector xi+ yi+zk is a unit vector, therefore D A (2a)
Area ofparallelogram having sides
|i+ yj+ zk|= l +y' +z? I OA &OC =lO¢XOC|=2äx 36|=15
..)