MATHEMATICS IN EVERYDAY LIFE–7

Chapter 11 : Lines and Angles ANSWER KEYS

EXERCISE 11.1
P R
1. Since, the measures of two complementary angles
add up to 90°, and the measures of two supplementary 1
angles add up to 180°. Therefore, 2 O 4
(i) Complementary angle of 26° = (90° – 26°)
3
= 64°
S Q
Supplementary angle of 26° = (180° – 26°)
= 154°
 1 + 4 = 180°
(ii) Complementary angle of 62° = (90° – 62°)
 53° + 4 = 180° ( 1 = 53°)
= 28°  4 = 180° – 53° = 127°.
Supplementary angle of 62° = (180° – 62°) Since, 1 and 3 are vertically opposite angles.
= 118°  1 = 3
(iii) Complementary angle of 9° = (90° – 9°)  53° = 3
= 81°  3 = 53°
Supplementary angle of 9° = (180° – 9°) Also, 2 and 4 are vertically opposite angles.
= 171° 2 = 4
(iv) Complementary angle of 51° = (90° – 51°)  2 = 127°
= 39° Hence, 2 = 127°, 3 = 53°, 4 = 127°.
Supplementary angle of 51° = (180° – 51°) 4. (i)
= 129°
(v) Complementary angle of 37° = (90° – 37°)
= 53°
x 80°
Supplementary angle of 37° = (180° – 37°)
O
= 143°
2. (i) The complement of 72° = (90° – 72°)  x + 80° = 180° (Linear pair of angles)
= 18°  x = 180° – 80°
(ii) The complement of 19° = (90° – 19°)  x = 100
= 71°
(ii)
(iii) The complement of 88° = (90° – 88°)
= 2°
(iv) The complement of 25° = (90° – 25°)
= 65° 3x 2x
3. Since, PQ is a straight line and OR stands on it. O
Therefore, 1 and 4 form a linear pair of angles.  3x + 2x = 180° (Linear pair of angles)
 5x = 180°

Mathematics In Everyday Life-7 1

 180° 7.
 x= = 36°
5
 x = 36
(iii) 110° x

°
51 69°
3x 2x
2x 3x
O

2x + 3x + 2x + 3x = 180° (Linear pair of angles)  110° + 51° + 69° + x = 360° (Complete angle)
 10x = 180°  x = 360° – 230°
 x = 130°
180°
 x= = 18°
10 Hence, the value of x is 130°.
8.  Ray OQ stands on a straight line POR.
 x = 18
Q
5.
(2 x – 30°) (3x + 40°)
P O R
a
c b Therefore,
d
POQ + ROQ = 180° (Linear pair of angles)
e f g h
 (2x – 30°) + (3x + 40°) = 180°
i l
j k  5x + 10° = 180°
 5x = 180° – 10°
Linear pair of angles:
 5x = 170°
(a, c), (c, d), (d, b), (a, b), (e, f), (i, e), (i, j), (j, f), (g, h),
(g, k), (k, l), (l, h) 170
 x=
Pair of vertically opposite angles: 5
 x = 34°
(a, d), (c, b), (e, j), (i, f), (g, l), (h, k)
6. Hence, POQ = (2 × 34° – 30°) = 38°
C
  ROQ = (3 × 34° + 40°) = 142°
9.  XOY is a straight line and ray OP and ray OQ
stand on it.
(3x + 8°)
(2x – 33°)
O P Q
A B
If AOB is a straight line, then
X O Y
AOC + BOC = 180°
 (3x + 8°) + (2x – 33°) = 18° Then, pair of adjacent angles:
 5x – 25° = 180° (XOP, POQ), (POQ, QOY)
 5x = 180° + 25° (XOP, POY), (XOQ, QOY)
 5x = 205° Linear pair: (XOP, POY), (XOQ, QOY)
10. Since, OP and OQ are opposite rays and ray OR
205 stands on PQ.
 x=
5
R
 x = 41°
Hence, x = 41° will make AOB a straight line.
5x (2y – 16°)

P O Q

2 Answer Keys
 Therefore, PRQ = ARB (Vertically opposite angles)
POR + QOR = 180° (Linear pair) PRQ = 62° ( ARB = 62°)
 5x + (2y – 16°) = 180°  Ray RB stands on AQ. Then
 5x + 2y = 180° + 16° ARB + BRQ = 180° ( Linear pair of angles)
 5x + 2y = 196° …(1)  62°  BRQ = 180°
(i) If y = 73°, then from (1), we get  BRQ = 180° – 62°
5x + 2 × 73° = 196° BRQ = 180°
 5x + 146° = 196° Hence, PRQ = 62° and BRQ = 118°.
 5x = 196° – 146°
 5x = 50° EXERCISE 11.2
50 1.  l  m and n is a transversal.
 x=
5 a = c (Vertically opposite angles)
 x = 10
 a = 72 ( c = 72°)
(ii) If x = 14°, then from (1), we get
(5 × 14°) + 2y = 196° Now, a = f (Corresponding angles)
 70° + 2y = 196°  72° = f
 2y = 196° – 70°
or f = 72
 2y = 126°
126  f + d = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
 y= = 63°
2  72°  d = 180°
 y = 63  d = 180° – 72°

11.  d = 108

x n
z 28°
y
b a
 x + 28° = 180° (Linear pair of angles) l
c d
 x = 180° – 28°
e
x = 152 m
g
h
 x =y (Vertically opposite angles)

 y = 152 ( x = 152°)
Also, angles z and 28° are vertically opposite angles.  e = d (Alternate interior angles)

 z = 28  e = 108 ( d = 108°)

12. Since, in PQR, sides PR and QR are extended to  h = e (Vertically opposite angles)
B and A respectively.
 h = 108
Therefore,
 f = g (Vertically opposite angles)
°
62

A B
R  g = 72 ( f = 72°)
and d = b (Vertically opposite angles)

 b = 108 ( d = 108°)
P Q
Hence, a = 72°, b = 108°, d = 108°, e = 108°,
f = 72°, g = 72°, h = 108°.

Mathematics In Everyday Life-7 3

2.  QP  RS 5.
P
S
65°

45°
Q R T
 QPR = PRS (Alternate angles)
 PRS = 65° ( QPR = 65°) …(i)
Now, PRQ + PRS + SRT = 180° (Linear pair)  y + 120° = 180° (Linear pair of angles)
 45° + 65° + SRT = 180°  y = 180° – 120°
[ PRQ = 45°, and using (i)] y = 60°
 SRT = 180° – 110°
Since,BC  AD and CD is a transversal.
 SRT = 70 Therefore, x + y = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
 x = 180° – 60° ( y = 60°)
3.
x = 120°
B
Again, BC  AD and BA is a transversal. Then,
E
y + z = 180° (Interior angles)
A z = 180° – 60° ( y = 60°)
O C
D z = 120°
F
Hence, x = 120°, y = 60° and z = 120°.
 AB  DE, AC is a transversal.
 BAO = EOC 6.
(Corresponding angles)…(i)
and AC  DF and DE is a transversal.
 EOC = EDF
(Corresponding angles)…(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get,
BAC = EDF (Hence proved)
4. Since, PQ  SR and PR is a transversal. Therefore,

 l  m and n is a transversal.
 1 = 3 (Alternate exterior angles)

SRP = QPR (Alternate angles)  3 = 80° [ 1 = 80° (given)]

 SRP = 65° ( QPR = 65°) 2 + 3 = 180° (Linear pair of angles)
Again, PS QR and PR is a transversal.  2 + 80° = 180°
 2 = 180° – 80°
SRP = QRP (Alternate angles)
Therefore, QRP = 45° ( SPR = 45°) 2 = 100°
Now, SRQ = SRP + QRP Now, 3  4 = 5
= 65° + 45°  4 = 5 – 3
 4 = 100° – 80° [ 5 = 100° (given)]
SRQ = 110° 4 = 20°
Hence, 2 = 100°, 3 = 80°, 4 = 20°.
4 Answer Keys
7. Since, DE  BC and AB is a transversal.  y = 100° (Alternate interior angles)

and x + y = 180° (Linear pair of angles)

 x = 180° – 100° ( y = 100°)
 x = 80°
Hence, x = 80° and y = 100°.
(ii)  l  m and AB is a transversal.
l m
 DAB = ABC (Alternate interior angles)
x
 x = 50° ( ABC = 50°) 110° B
Again, DE  BC and AC is a transversal. Then, A
EAC = ACB (Alternate angles) y 80°
 y = 55° ( ACB = 55°) C D
Hence, x = 50° and y = 55°.
8.  PQ  RS and LM is a transversal. Then, x = 110°
 SML = 135° (Vertically opposite angles) (Corresponding exterior angles)
 SML + MLQ = 180° (Interior angles) Also, l  m and CD is a transversal.
MLQ = 180° – 135° Then y = (180° – 80°)
MLQ = 45° y = 100°
 LR is a transversal to PQ and RS. Hence, x = 110° and y = 100°.
R 10.
P
135°
50°
L M
S
Q

Then,
LRM + RLQ = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
 LRM + (RLM + MLQ) = 180°
 LRM + (50° + 45°) = 180°
( RLM = 50°)  l  m
Then f = 65° ( Vertically opposite angles)
 LRM = 180° – 95°
 a = f = 65° ( Alternate interior angles)
 LRM = 85°
 a + e = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
Hence, LRM = 85°  e = 180° – 65°
9. (i)  l  m and n is a transversal.  e = 115°
 e = g (Vertically opposite angles)
n
 g = 115°
 e = d (Alternate angles)
x  d = 115°
l
y  d = b (Vertically opposite angles)
 b = 115°
100°
m and c = a (Vertically opposite angles)
 c = 65°
Hence, a = 65°, b = 115°, c = 65°, d = 115°,
e = 115°, f = 65°, g = 115°.

Mathematics In Everyday Life-7 5

11. n

120°
l

m
60°

Here, 120° + 60° = 180°.

(i) Corresponding angles: (4, 5), (1, 6), (3, 8), (2, 7)
Hence, l  m.
(ii) Alternate interior angles: (1, 8), (2, 5)
14.  AC  BD and AB is a transversal.
(iii) Alternate angle of 2 is 5.
(iv) Angle corresponding to 7 is 2.
C D
(v) Pairs of interior angles on the same side of the
transversal: (1, 5) and (2, 8). 115° x
A B
12. y
z 85°
A B E F
60° x G
F
 x + 115° = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
y  x = 180° – 115°
50°
C D E  x = 65° ...(i)
Now,
 AB  CE and BC is a transversal.
ABD + ABF + FBG = 180°
 y = 60° (Alternate angles)
(Linear pair of angles)
Now, BC  DF and CE is a transversal.
 x + y + 85° = 180°
BCE = FDE = 50° (Corresponding angles)
 65° + y + 85° = 180° [from (i)]
x = BCE
 y = 180° – 150°
( AB  CB and BC is a transversal)
 y = 30° ...(ii)
x = 50°
 AE  BF and AB is a transversal.
Hence, x = 50° and y = 60°.
 EAB + ABF = 180° (Interior angles)
13. (i) If l  m and n is a transversal. Then, alternate
exterior angles are equal.  z + y = 180°
 z = 180° – 30° [from (ii)]
n
 z = 150°
Hence, x = 65°, y = 30° and z = 150°.
85° 15.
l

m
70°

(i) Linear pair of angles (1, 5), (4, 5)

But, here alternate angles 70°  85°.
(ii) Vertically opposite angles (4, 1)
So, l is not parallel to m.
(ii) If the sum of the exterior angles on the same side MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
of a transversal is 180°, then both lines are
parallel. 1. When two lines intersect at a point, then 4 pairs of
adjacent angles are formed.
Hence, option (a) is correct.

6 Answer Keys
2. The complement of 36° = (90° – 36°) = 54°  220° + x = 360°
Hence, option (b) is correct.  x = 360° – 220°
3. The supplement of 68° = (180° – 68°) = 112°  x = 140°
Hence, option (d) is correct. Hence, option (b) is correct.
4. Supplement of 70° = (180° – 70°) = 110° 9.
 The measure of two complementary any angles A
add upto 90°.
 It is not possible to have a complement of 110°. 60°
E
Hence, option (d) is correct.
5. The complement of 26° = (90° – 26°)
= 64° 70°
Now, supplement of 64° = (180° – 64°) B C D
= 116°
 AB  EC and BC is a transversal.
Hence, option (c) is correct.
 BAC = ACE (Alternate angles)
6. Since, PQ and RS intersect at point O. Then,
 ACE = 60° ( BAC = 60°)
R Now, ACB + ACE + ECD = 180°
P (Linear pair of angles)
O  ACB + 60° + 70° = 180°
 ACB = 180° – (60° + 70°)
Q ACB = 180° – 130°
S ACB = 50°
POS = QOR (Vertically opposite angles) Hence, option (a) is correct.
 QOR = 45° ( POS = 45°) 10.  l  m and let n be a transversal.
Hence, option (d) is correct. n
7.  Ray OC stands on line AOB.
130°
l
C

m
A B x
O
 AOC + BOC = 180° ( Linear pair of angles)  x = 130° (Alternate exterior angles)
 BOC = 180° – 145° = 35° Hence, option (b) is correct.
( AOC = 145°) 11. Let the complementary be x. Then the angle is 5x.
Hence, option (c) is correct. Then,
8.  5x + x = 90°
C  6x = 90°
A
90
 x=
6
O B  x = 15°
The required angle is 5 × 15° = 75°
D Hence, option (c) is correct.
12. Two angles can be supplementary, if both of them
 AOC + AOB + BOD + COD = 360° are right angles.
90° + 30° + 100° + x = 360° Hence, option (c) is correct.

Mathematics In Everyday Life-7 7

 MENTAL MATHS CORNER 10. The ratio of two angles of a linear pair is 2 : 3. Then
the angles are 72° and 108°.
Fill in the blanks:
Let the two angles of a linear pair be 2x and 3x.
1. If two angles of a linear pair are equal, then measure
Then,
of each angle is 90°.
2x + 3x = 180°
Let the equal angels of linear pair be x.
 5x = 180°
 x + x = 180°
 2x = 180° 180
 x=
 x = 90°. 5
2. If the magnitude of an angle is same as its  x = 36°
complement, then measure of the angle is 45°. Hence, angles are 72° and 108°.
3. If the magnitude of an angle is same as its 11. The difference between the measures of two angles
supplement, then the angle is 90°. of a linear pair is 80°, then the smallest angle is 50°.
4 Let the smallest angle of linear pair be x.
4. Two angles are such that one of the angles is of its
5 Then, other angle = (80° + x)
supplement, then the angle is 80° and its supplement Therefore,
is 100°.
x + (80° + x) = 180°
Let the supplementary angle be x.
 2x + 80° = 180°
4  2x = 180° – 80°
Then, required angle is x.
5  2x = 100°
4
 x+ x = 180°
5 100
 x=
9x 2
 = 180°
5  x = 50°
 9x = 180° × 5 Thus, the smallest angle of linear pair is 50°.
180 × 5 12. The supplement of 180° is 0°.
 x= = 100°
9
4 REVIEW EXERCISE
Angle = × 100 = 80°.
5 1.
5. Two angles forming a linear pair are supplementary. n
6. If two adjacent angles are supplementary, they form
a linear pair. 2
1
7. If two lines intersect at a point, then the vertically 3
opposite angles are always equal. 4
8. An angle is greater than 45°, then its complementary 6 5
angle is less than 45°.
7 8
2
9. An angle is of its complement, then the angle is
3
36° and its complement is 54°. (i) Linear pair: (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (1, 4), (6, 5), (6, 7),
Let the complementary angle be x. (7, 8), (5, 8).
2 (ii) Pairs of vertically opposite angles: (2, 4), (3, 1),
Then, the angle is x. (6, 8), (5, 7).
3
2 2.  line l and line m intersect at point O. Therefore,
 x+ x = 90°
3
l
5x
 = 90° 1
3
2
 x=
90 × 3
= 54° O 4
5 3
2 m
Angle = × 54° = 36°.
3
8 Answer Keys
  2 = 4 (Vertically opposite angles)  CDE = 60° ( ABD = 60°)
 2 = 70° ( 4 = 70°) Now, CF  BE and CD is a transversal. Then
Also, 1 + 2 = 180° (Linear pair of angles) FCD + CDE = 180° (Interior angles)
 1 + 70° = 180°   FCD = 180° – 60° ( CDE = 60°)
 1 = 180° – 70°   FCD = 120°
 1 = 110° 6.  p  q and l is a transversal. Then
and 1 = 3 (Vertically opposite angles) l
 3 = 110° ( 1 = 110°) x
Hence, 1 = 110°, 2 = 70°, 3 = 110°. p
y
3. p q r
5 q
l z
65°
1 2
m
3 4  r = z (Vertically opposite angles)
 r = 110° ( z = 110°)
 l  m and p is a transversal.
 x = r (Corresponding angles)
 1 + 65° = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
 x = 110° ( r = 110°)
 1 = 180° – 65° = 115°
and y + r = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
 1 = 115°
 y = 180° – 110°
 p  q and l is a transversal. Then
 y = 70°
5 = 65° (Alternate exterior angles)
Hence, x = 110°, y = 70° and r = 110°.
And, l  m and q is a transversal. Then,
7.
5 = 2 (Corresponding angles)
 2 = 65°
Now, 2 = 3 (Vertically opposite angles) 3a
a 2a
 3 = 65° 2a a
Also, 3 + 4 = 180° (Linear pair of angles) 3a
 65° + 4 = 180°
 4 = 180° – 65°
 4 = 115° Since, vertically opposite angles are equal
Hence, 1 = 115°, 2 = 65°, 3 = 65°, 4 = 115°,  a + 3a + 2a + a + 3a + 2a = 360° (Complete angle)
5 = 65°.  12a = 360°
4. (i) No, 360
 a=
(ii)  115° + 65° = 180° (Pair of interior angles) 12
Hence, l  m.  a = 30
(iii) If two lines are parallel, then sum of alternate
exterior angles is 180°. 8. Let 1 and 2 be 2x and 3x respectively.
 l  m and n is a transversal.
 121° + 59° = 180°
n
Hence, l  m. 2
1
l
5. A 3 4
C F
6
5
m
7
60° 8
B D E  1 + 2 = 180° (Linear pair of angles)
 AB  CD and BE is a transversal. Then 2x + 3x = 180°
ABD = CDE (Corresponding angles)  5x = 180°

Mathematics In Everyday Life-7 9

 180 Then, QOT = ROS
 x= = 36° ( Vertically opposite angles)
5
 1 = 2 × 36° = 72° and 2 = 3 × 36° = 108° QOT = 120° ( ROS = 120°)
Then, But, QOT = QOP + POT
1 = 5 (Corresponding angles)  120° = x + 30°
  =  ( 1 = 72°)  x + 30° = 120° ( POT = 30°)
 x = 120° – 30° = 90°
2 = 4 (Vertically opposite angles)
3. Since, Q = 75° and R = 100° are interior angles for
 4 = 108 ( 2 = 108°) line PQ and RS.
3 = 1 (Vertically opposite angles)
  3 = 72  Q
P
4 = 6 (Alternate interior angles) 75°

6 = 108 100°

S 100° R
8 = 6 (Vertically opposite angles)
 8 = 108 T
7 = 5 (Vertically opposite angles)
 75° + 100° = 175°  180°
 7 = 72
Thus, PQ is not parallel to SR.
Hence, 3 = 72°, 4 = 108°, 5 = 72°, 6 = 108°, Again,RST = 100° and SRQ = 100° are alternate
7 = 72°, 8 = 108°. angles for line ST and QR.
RST = SRQ = 100°.
HOT QUESTIONS Hence, ST  QR.
1.  AB  CD,
A E B
55°
x
Let the current time be ‘T’ (24-hour clock time)
y 120° Time after 2 hours = (T + 2)
Time after 1 hour = (T + 1)
C D
Time at midnight = 24:00
Then, 55° + y = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
According to question,
 y = 180° – 55°
y = 125° 1
24 – (T + 2) = [24 – (T + 1)]
2
and BED + 120° = 180° (Pair of interior angles)
 BED = 180° – 120° 1
 24 – T – 2 = (24 – T – 1)
2
BED = 60°
Now, AEC + CED + BED = 180° 1
 22 – T = (23 – T)
2
 55° + x + 60° = 180°
 44 – 2T = 23 – T
 x = 180° – 115°
 2T – T = 44 – 23
 x = 65°
 T = 21
Hence, x = 65°, y = 125°.
The current time is 21:00 hours or 9:00 p.m.
2. Line QS and TR intersect at point O.
Thus, if it were two hours later [i.e., 11 p.m.]
P T from now, it would be half as long until
° midnight as it would be if it were an hour
30
later (i.e., 10 p.m.).
x O
Q 120° S

10 Answer Keys