STD 10 Maths Total Marks : 80

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [18]

1. 7 × 11 × 13 + 13 is a/an
(A) odd number but not composite (B) square number
(C) prime number (D) composite number

Ans. : (d) composite number

Explanation: We have 7 × 11 × 13 + 13 = 13(77 + 1) = 13 × 78 . Since the given number
has 2 more factors other than 1 and itself, therefore it is a composite number.
2. The graph of y = p(x) in a figure given below, for some polynomial p(x). Find the
number of zeroes of p(x).

(A) 4 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2

Ans. : (b) 0
Explanation: There is no zero as the graph does not intersect the x -axis at any
point.
3. The pair of linear equations y = 0 and y = - 6 has:

(A) no solution (B) only solution (0, 0)

(C) infinitely many solutions (D) a unique solution
Ans. : (a) no solution
Explanation: Since, we have y = 0 and y = −6 are two parallel lines. therefore, no
solution exists.
4. The equation 2
x − 8x + k = 0 has real and distinct roots if
(A) k = 8 (B) k > 16 (C) k = 16 (D) k < 16

Page 1
 Ans. :

(d) k < 16

Explanation: D > 0

2
b − 4ac > 0

2
(−8) − 4(1)(k) > 0

64 − 4k > 0

64 > 4k

64
( ) > k
4

16 > k

5. If S,, denote the sum of n terms of an A.P. with first term a and common
difference d such that is independent of x, then
Sx

Skx

(A) a = 2d (B) d = a (C) d = - a (D) d = 2a

Ans. : (d) d = 2a
Explanation: Given AP in which
First term = a
Common difference = d
Number of terms = n
Given S denotes the sum of n terms
n

So
Skx = (kx/2){2a + (kx − 1)d}

and Sx = (x/2){2a + (x − 1)d}

Now

x
( ) [2a + (x − 1)d]
2
Sx /Skx =
kx
( ) [2a + (kx − 1)d]
2

[2a + (x − 1)d]
=
k[2a + (kx − 1)d]

[2a + xd − d]
=
k[2a + kxd − d]

[(2a − d) + xd]
=
k[(2a − d) + kxd]]

If d = 2a
then
Sx /Skx = [(2a − 2a) + x × 2a]/[k × {(2a − 2a) + k × x × 2a}]
2
= (x × 2a)/ (k × x × 2a)

2
= 1/k

6. If three points –
(0, 0), (3, √3) and (3, λ) form an equilateral triangle, then λ =

Page 2
 (A) −4 (B) None of these (C) −3 (D) 2

Ans. : (b) None of these

Explanation: Let the points and from an equilateral triangle
–
(0, 0), (3, √3) (3, λ)

AB = BC = CA

2 2 2
⇒ AB = BC = CA

2 2 2
Now, AB = (x2 − x1 ) + (y2 − y1 )

2
– 2 2
– 2
= (3 − 0) + (√3 − 0) = (3) + (√3)

= 9 + 3 = 12

2 2
– 2
BC = (3 − 3) + (λ − √3)

2
– 2 2
= (0) + (λ − √3) = (λ − 3)

2 2 2 2 2
and C A = (0 − 3) + (0 − λ) = (−3) + (−λ)

2
= 9+λ

2 2 2
AB = CA ⇒ 12 = 9 + λ

2
⇒ λ = 12 − 9 = 3
–
∴ λ = ±√3

7. The coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining the points (-2, 3)
and (4, -5) are
(A) (0, 0) (B) (−1, 1) (C) (1, −1) (D) (−2, 4)

Ans. : (c) (1, −1)

Explanation: Let the coordinates of midpoint C(x, y) of the line segment joining the
points A(−2, 3) and B(4, −5) ∴ x =
x1 + x2

2
=
−2+4

2
=
2

2
= 1

And
y +y 3−5 −2
1 2
y = = = = −1
2 2 2

Therefore, the coordinates of mid-point C are (1, −1)

8. In the given figure value of x for which DE || BC is

(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 1

Ans. : (b) 2
Explanation: In △ABC, DE∥BC

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 AD AE
∴ =
DB EC

x+3 x
⇒ =
3x+19 3x+4

⇒ (x + 3)(3x + 4) = x(3x + 19)

2 2
⇒ 3x + 4x + 9x + 12 = 3x + 19x

2 2
⇒ 3x + 13x + 12 = 3x + 19x

2 2
⇒ 12 = 3x + 19x − 3x − 13x

12
⇒ 12 = 6x ⇒ x = = 2
6

∴ x = 2

9. In the given figure, the perimeter of ABCD is

(A) 44 cm (B) 36 cm (C) 40 cm (D) 48 cm

Ans. : (a) 44 cm
Explanation: Since tangents from an external point to a circle are equal in length.

∴ AS = AP = 6cm and AB = 6 + 7 = 13cm

P B = BQ = 7cm and BC = 7 + 5 = 12cm

CQ = CR = 5cm and CD = 5 + 4 = 9cm

RD = SD = 4cm and AD = 4 + 6 = 10cm

Therefore, perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD = 13 + 12 + 9 + 10 = 44cm

10. Quadrilateral ABCD is circumscribed to a circle. If AB = 6 cm, BC = 7 cm and CD =

4 cm then the length of AD is
(A) 6 cm (B) 4 cm (C) 7 cm (D) 3 cm

Ans. : (d) 3 cm
Explanation: A quadrilateral ABCD is circumscribed to a circle with centre O .
AB = 6cm, BC = 7cm, CD = 4cm, AD = 7cm

ABCD circumscribed to a circle.

AB + CD = BC + AD

⇒ 6 + 4 = 7 + AD

⇒ 10 = 7 + AD

AD = 10 − 7 = 3cm

11. If –
sin θ + cos θ = √2 cos θ , then the value of cos θ − sin θ is

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 –
(A) √2 sin θ (B) 3 sin θ (C) sin θ (D) 2 sin θ

Ans. : (a)
–
√2 sin θ

Explanation: Given:
–
sin θ + cos θ = √2 cos θ

Squaring both sides, we get

2 2 2
⇒ sin θ + cos θ + 2 sin θ cos θ = 2 cos θ

2 2
⇒ cos θ − 2 sin θ cos θ = sin θ

2 2 2
⇒ cos θ − 2 sin θ cos θ + sin θ = 2 sin θ

2 2
⇒ (cos θ − sin θ ) = 2 sin θ
–
⇒ cos θ − sin θ = √2 sin θ

12. If tan θ =
a
, then a sin θ+b cos θ
is
b a sin θ−b cos θ

(A) (C)
a+b 2 a−b 2

(B) (D)
2 2
a −b a +b
a−b 2 2 a+b 2 2
a +b a −b

Ans. : (d)
2 2
a +b

2 2
a −b

Explanation : tan θ =
a

sin θ c os θ
a +b
a sin θ+b cos θ

a sin θ−b cos θ

=
c os θ

sin θ
c os θ

c os θ
(Dividing by cos θ )
a −b
c os θ c os θ

a
a× +b
a tan θ+b b
= = a
a tan θ−b a× −b
b

2 2 2
a a +b
+b
b b
= =
a2 a2 −b2
−b
b b

2 2
a +b b
= × 2
b 2
a −b

2 2
a +b
= 2
2
a −b

13. An observer 1.5 m tall is 28.5 m away from a tower and the angle of elevation of
the top of the tower from the eye of the observer is ∘
45 . The height of the tower
is
(A) 30 m (B) 26.5 m (C) 28.5 m (D) 27 m
Ans. : (a) 30 m
Explanation: Let AB be the observer and CD = h metres be the tower.
BE = AC = 28.5m.

From right △BED , we have

DE ∘ DE
= tan 45 ⇒ = 1
BE 28.5m

⇒ De = 28.5m

∴ h − 1.5 = 28.5 ⇒ h = 30.

Page 5
14. O is the centre of a circle of diameter 4 cm and OABC is a square, if the shaded
area is 1

3
area of the square, then the side of the square is __________ .

−− –
(A) √3π cm (B) π√3cm (C) 3πcm (D) 3√−
−
π cm

Ans. : (a)
−−
√3π cm

Explanation: Let the length of side of square be xcm

Then area of square = x cm

2 2

Area of sector of circle

θ 2
= ∘ × πr
360
∘
90 2 ∘
= ∘ × πr [∵ angle of square = θ = 90 ]
360

π×4
∴ Shaded area = = π
4

According to question, Area of square = 3× shaded area

2
−−
⇒ 3π = x ∴ x = √3π cm

15. Area of a segment of a circle of radius r and central angle ∘

90 is:
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2πr 1 2 2 2πr ∘
2 πr 1 2 πr 1 2 2
− r − r − r −r sin 90
4 2 4 2 2 2 4

Ans. : (b)
2
πr 1 2
− r
4 2

Explanation:
2
πr 1 2
− r
4 2

16. In the given figure. JKLM is a square with sides of length 6 units. Points A and B
are the mid-points of sides KL and LM respectively. If a point is selected at
random from the interior of the square. What is the probability that the point

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 will be chosen from the interior of △J AB ?

(A) 5

8
(B) 3

8
(C) 7

8
(D) 3

Ans. : (b) 3

Explanation : Area of square JMLK = 6 = 36 sq. units 2

A and B are the mid-points of sides KL and LM.

∴ AL = K A = LB = BM = 3 units

Now, Area of △ALB =

1

2
× AL × LB =
1

2
×3×3 =
9

2
sq. units

Area of △J M B =
1

2
× BM × J M =
1

2
×6×3 = 9 sq. units
Area of △K AJ =
1

2
× KJ × KA =
1

2
×6×3 = 9 sq. units
Total area of all the three triangles = (
9

2
+ 9 + 9)

=
45

2
sq. units
∴ Area of △J AB = (36 −
45

2
) =
27

2
sq. units
∴ Required probability =
27
2
=
2×36
27
=
3

8
36

17. A bag contains 5 red balls and n green balls. If the probability of drawing a
green ball is three times that of a red ball, then the value of n is:
(A) 20 (B) 18 (C) 15 (D) 10

Ans. : (c) 15
Explanation: Given, Number of red ball = 5

Number of green ball = n

∴ Total ball = n +5

Now P( red ball )=

5

n+5

and P( green ball )=

n+5
n

Now, according to the question

n 3×5
=
n+5 n+5

n = 15

So, number of green ball = 15

18. Consider the frequency distribution of the heights of 60 students of a class:

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 Cumulative
Height (in cm) No. of Students
Frequency
150-155 16 16
155-160 12 28
160-165 9 37
165-170 7 44
170-175 10 54
175-180 6 60
The sum of the lower limit of the modal class and the upper limit of the median
class is
(A) 320 (B) 315 (C) 330 (D) 310
Ans. : (b) 315
Explanation: Class having maximum frequency is the modal class.
hence, modal class : 150 − 155
∴ Lower limit of the modal class = 150

Also, N = 60 ⇒
N

2
= 30

The cumulative frequency just greater than 30 is 37 .

Hence, the median class is 160 − 165 .
∴ Upper limit of the median class = 165

Required sum = 150 + 165 = 315

* A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). [2]

Choose the correct option.

19. Assertion (A): The given figure represents a hemisphere surmounted by a

conical block of wood. The diameter of their bases is 6 cm each and the slant
height of the cone is 5 cm . The volume of the solid is 3
196cm

Reason (R): The volume hemisphere is given by 2

3
3
πr

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.

Ans. : (d) A is false but R is true.

Explanation: A is false but R is true.

Page 8
20. Assertion (A):Sum of first 10 terms of the arithmetic progression
−0.5, −1.0, −1.5, … is 27.5

Reason (R): Sum of n terms of an A.P. is given as Sn =

n

2
[2a + (n − 1)d] where a =

first term, d = common difference.

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.
Ans. : (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A .
Explanation : Both are correct. Reason is the correct reasoning for Assertion.
Assertion, S 10 =
10

2
[2(−0.5) + (10 − 1)(−0.5)]

= 5[−1 − 4.5]

= 5(−5.5) = 27.5

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [10]

21. Find the least number which when divided by 12, 16 and 24 leaves remainder 7
in each case.
Ans. : LCM of 12, 16, 24 = 48
Required number is 48 + 7 = 55.
22. In ΔABC, P and Q are points on sides AB and AC respectively such that P Q∥BC .
If AP = 4cm, P B = 6cm and P Q = 3cm , determine BC .
Ans. : Let BC = x cm

In ′
Δ s APQ and ABC, we have,

∠A = ∠A

∠AP Q = ∠ABC

Therefore, by AA criteria of similar Δ 's , we have,

Page 9
 ∵ P Q∥BC

∴ ΔAP Q ∼ ΔABC

AQ PQ
AP
∴ = =
AB AC BC

AP PQ
⇒ =
AP +P B BC

4 3 4 3
⇒ = ⇒ =
4+6 x 10 x

10×3 15
⇒ x = =
4 2

15
∴ BC = cm = 7.5cm
2

23. If a circle touches the side BC of a triangle ABC at P and extended sides AB

and AC at Q and R , respectively, prove that

1
AQ = (BC + CA + AB)
2

Ans. :

1
AQ = (2AQ)
2

1
= (AQ + AQ)
2

1
= (AQ + AR)
2

1
= (AB + BQ + AC + CR)
2

1
= (AB + BC + CA)
2

∵ [BQ = BP , CR = CP ]

24. Prove that: sin

4
A − cos
4
A = sin
2
A − cos
2
A = 2 sin
2
A − 1 = 1 − 2 cos
2
A

Ans. : We have,

4 4
LHS = sin A − cos A

2 2
2 2
⇒ LHS = (sin A) − (cos A)

2 2 2 2
⇒ LHS = (sin A + cos A) (sin A − cos A)

2 2 2 2
⇒ LHS = sin A − cos A … [∵ sin A + cos A = 1]

2 2 2
⇒ LHS = sin A − (1 − sin A) = 2 sin A−1

2 2
⇒ LHS = 2 (1 − cos A) − 1 = 1 − 2 cos A = RHS

Page 10
 OR
* Prove that: 1−cos A

1+cos A
= (cot A − cosec A)
2

Ans. : LHS =
1−cos A

1+cos A

Multiplying numerator and denominator by 1 − cos A

(1−cos A)(1−cos A)
=
(1+cos A)(1−cos A)

2
(1−cos A)
2 2
= 2
[∵ (a + b)(a − b) = a −b ]
1− cos A

2
2
(1− cos )
2 2
= 2
[∵ 1 − cos A = sin A]
sin A

2
1−cos A
= ( )
sin A

2
1 cos A
= ( − )
sin A sin A

2 1 cos A
= (cos ecA − cot A) [∵ = cosec A, = cot A]
sin A sin A

2
= [−1(cot A − cosec A)]

2
= (cot A − cosec A)

Hence proved.
25. Find the area of the segment shown in Fig., if radius of the circle is 21 cm and
∠AOB = 120
∘
(Use π =
22

7
)

Ans. : Draw OM ⊥ AB

Page 11
 ∘
∠OAB = ∠OBA = 30

∘ 1 OM 21
sin 30 = = ⇒ OM =
2 21 2

∘ √3 AM 21 –
cos 30 = = ⇒ AM = √3
2 21 2

1 1
– 21
Area of △OAB = × AB × OM = × 21√3 ×
2 2 2

441 – 2
= √3cm
4

∴ Area of shaded region = Area (sector OACB) − Area ( △OAB )

22 120 441 –
= × 21 × 21 × − √3
7 360 4

√3
2 2
= (462 − 441 ) cm or 271.3cm (approx.)
4

OR
* A car has two wipers which do not overlap. Each wiper has a blade of length 25
cm sweeping through an angle of 115
∘
. Find the total area cleaned at each sweep
of the blades.
Ans. : Radius of each wiper = 25cm , Angle = 115
∘

∘
∴ θ = 115

Total area cleaned at each sweep of the blades

115 22 θ 2
= 2[ × × 25 × 25] (∵ Area = πr )
360 7 360

230×22×5×25
=
72×7

230×11×125
=
36×7

115×11×125
=
18×7

158125 2
= cm
126

2
= 1254.96cm

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [18]

26. Maya has two pieces of cloth. One piece is 36 inches wide and the other piece is
24 inches wide. She wants to cut both pieces into strips of equal width that are
as wide as possible. How wide should she cut the strips?
Ans. : This problem can be solved using H.C.F. because we are cutting or "dividing"
the strips of cloth into smaller pieces of 36 and 24 and we are looking for the
widest possible strips .
So,
H.C.F. of 36 and 24 is 12
So we can say that
Maya should cut each piece to be 12 inches wide.
27. If α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 4x
2
+ 4x + 1 , then form a
quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 2α and 2β.

Page 12
 Ans. : Let the given polynomial is 2
p(x) = 4x + 4x + 1

Since, α, β are zeroes of p(x) ,

−4
∴ α + β = sum of zeroes =
4

Also, α. β = Product of zeroes = α. β = 1

Now a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 2α and 2β

2
x − ( sum of zeroes) x + Product of zeroes

2
= x − (2α + 2β)x + 2α × 2β

2
= x − 2(α + β)x + 4(αβ)

2 1
= x − 2 × (−1)x + 4 ×
4

2
= x + 2x + 1

The quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 2α and 2β is 2

x + 2x + 1

28. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 9. Also, nine times this number is
twice the number obtained by reversing the order of the digits. Find the
number.
Ans. : Let the digits at units and tens place of the given number be x and y

respectively
Thus, the number is 10y + x .
The sum of the two digits of the number is 9 .
Thus, we have x + y = 9 … … (i)
After interchanging the digits, the number becomes 10x + y .
Also, 9 times the number is equal to twice the number obtained by reversing the
order of the digits.
Thus, we have

9(10y + x) = 2(10x + y)

⇒ 90y + 9x = 20x + 2y

⇒ 20x + 2y − 90y − 9x = 0

⇒ 11x − 88y = 0

⇒ 11(x − 8y) = 0

⇒ x − 8y = 0 … . (ii)

So, we have the systems of equations

x+y = 9

x − 8y = 0

Here x and y are unknowns.

Substituting x = 8y from the second equation to the first equation, we get

8y + y = 9

⇒ 9y = 9

9
⇒ y =
9

⇒ y = 1

Page 13
 Substituting the value of y in the second equation, we have
x−8×1 = 0

⇒ x−8 = 0

⇒ x = 8

∴ the number is 10 × 1 + 8 = 18

OR
* Graphically, solve the following pair of equations:
2x + y = 6

2x − y + 2 = 0

Find the ratio of the areas of the two triangles formed by the lines representing
these equations with the x-axis and the lines with the y-axis.
Ans. : Given equation is 2x + y = 6

⇒ y = 6 − 2x … … (i)

If, x = 0, y = 6 − 2(0) = 6
x = 3, y = 6 − 2(3) = 0

Given equation is 2x − y + 2 = 0

⇒ y = 2x + 2 … … (ii)

If, x = 0, y = 2(0) + 2 = 0 + 2 = 2
x = −1, y = 2(−1) + 2 = 0

Plotting 2x + y = 6 and 2x − y + 2 = 0 , as shown below, we obtain two lines AB and

CD respectively intersecting at point, E(1, 4) .

Page 14
 1
Now, A1 = Area of ACE = × AC × P E
2

1
= ×4×4 = 8
2

1
And A2 = Area of BDE = × BD × QE
2

1
= ×4×1 = 2
2

∴ A1 : A2 = 8 : 2 = 4 : 1

∴ Ratio of areas of two △s =

Area △ACE

Area △BDE
=
8

2
=
4

1
= 4 : 1

29. Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an external
point T . Prove that ∠P T Q = 2 ∠OP Q .

Ans. : Given : A circle with centre O and an external point T and two tangents TP
and TQ to the circle, where P, Q are the points of contact.
To Prove: ∠P T Q = 2∠OP Q
Proof: Let ∠P T Q = θ
Since TP, TQ are tangents drawn from point T to the circle.
TP = TQ
∴ T P Q is an isoscles triangle

1 ∘ ∘ θ
∴ ∠T P Q = ∠T QP = (180 − θ) = 90 −
2 2

Since, TP is a tangent to the circle at point of contact P

∘
∴ ∠OP T = 90

∘ ∘ 1 θ 1
∴ ∠OP Q = ∠OP T − ∠T P Q = 90 − (90 − θ) = = ∠P T Q
2 2 2

Thus, ∠P T Q = 2∠OP Q
OR
* In the given figure, O is the centre of a circle. PT and PQ are tangents to the
circle from an external point P . If ∠T P Q = 70 , find ∠T RQ . ∘

Ans. : In the given figure, O is the centre of a circle. PT and PQ are tangents to the
circle from an extemal point P . If ∠T P Q = 70 , then, we have to find ∠T RQ .
∘
 We know that the radius and tangent are perpendicular at their point of contact.
∘
∠OT P = ∠OQP = 90

Now, In quadrilateral OQPT

∠QOT + ∠OT P + ∠OQP + ∠T P Q = 360
∘
[Angle sum property of a quadrilateral]
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
∠QOT + 90 + 90 + 70 = 360

∘ ∘
250 + ∠QOT = 360

∘
∠QOT = 110

We know that the angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double of the angle
subtended by the arc at any point on the circumference of the circle.
1 1 ∘ ∘
∠T RQ = ∠QOT ⇒ ∠T RQ = × 110 = 55
2 2

30. If 1 + sin
2
θ = 3 sin θ cos θ , then prove that tan θ = 1 , or 1
.
2

Ans. : Given, 1 + sin 2

θ = 3 sin θ cos θ , then we have to prove that tan θ = 1 , or 1

2
.
Now, 1 + sin 2
θ = 3 sin θ cos θ

[Dividing by sin
2
θ on both sides]

2
1 sin θ 3 sin θ cos θ
⇒ 2
+ 2
= 2
sin θ sin θ sin θ

2
⇒ cosec θ + 1 = 3 cot θ

2
⇒ 1 + cot θ + 1 − 3 cot θ = 0

2
⇒ cot θ − 3 cot θ + 2 = 0

2
⇒ cot θ − 2 cot θ − cot θ + 2 = 0

⇒ cot θ(cot θ − 2) − 1(cot θ − 2) = 0

⇒ (cot θ − 2)(cot θ − 1) = 0

⇒ cot θ − 2 = 0 or (cot θ − 1) = 0

⇒ cot θ = 2 or cot θ = 1

1
⇒ tan θ = or tan θ = 1
2

Hence, either, tan θ = 1

2
, or 1
31. Find median for the following data:
Class Interval Frequency
10 - 19 2
20 - 29 4
 30 - 39 8
40 - 49 9
50 - 59 4
60 - 69 2
70 - 79 1
Ans. :
Class Interval Frequency c.f.
9.5 - 19.5 2 2
19.5 - 29.5 4 6
29.5 - 39.5 8 14
39.5 - 49.5 9 23
49.5 - 59.5 4 27
59.5 - 69.5 2 29
69.5 - 79.5 1 30

n
n = 30, = 15, Median class = 39.5 − 49.5
2

l = 39.5, c. f . = 14, f = 9, h = 10

15−14
Median = 39.5 + ( ) × 10
9

1
= 39.5 + × 10
9

= 39.5 + 1.11 = 40.61

* Given section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [20]

32. A train travels at a certain average speed for a distance of 360 km. It would have
taken 48 minutes less to travel the same distance if its speed was 5 km/hour
more. Find the original speed of the train.
Ans. : Given that a train travelling at a uniform speed for 360 km
Let the original speed of the train be xkm/hr

Time taken =
Distance

Speed
=
360

Time taken at increased speed =

360

x+5
hours.
According to the question
 360 360 48
− =
x x+5 60

1 1 4
360 [ − ] =
x x+5 5

360(x+5−x) 4
or , 2
=
x +5x 5

1800 4
or , 2
=
x +5x 5

2
⇒ x + 5x − 2250 = 0

2
⇒ x + (50 − 45)x − 2250 = 0

2
⇒ x + 50x − 45x − 2250 = 0

⇒ (x + 50)(x − 45) = 0

Either x = −50 or x = 45
As speed cannot be negative
∴ Original speed of train = 45km/hr.

OR
* If the roots of the quadratic equation
(x − a)(x − b) + (x − b)(x − c) + (x − c)(x − a) = 0

are equal. Then show that a = b = c

Ans. : Given,

(x − a)(x − b) + (x − b)(x − c) + (x − c)(x − a) = 0

2 2 2
⇒ x − ax − bx + ab + x − bx − cx + bc + x − cx − ax + ac = 0

2
⇒ 3x − 2ax − 2bx − 2cx + ab + bc + ca = 0

For equal roots B

2
− 4AC = 0

or, {−2(a + b + c)} 2

= 4 × 3(ab + bc + ca)

or, 4(a + b + c) 2
− 12(ab + bc + ca) = 0

or, a 2
+b
2
+c
2
+ 2ab + 2bc + 2ac − 3ab − 3bc − 3ac = 0

or, 1

2
[2a
2
+ 2b
2
+ 2c
2
− 2ab − 2ac − 2bc] = 0

or, 1

2
[(a
2
+b
2
− 2ab) + (b
2
+c
2
− 2bc) + (c
2
+a
2
− 2ac)] = 0

or, 1

2
[(a
2
+b
2
− 2ab) + (b
2
+c
2
− 2bc) + (c
2
+a
2
− 2ac)] = 0

or, (a − b) 2
+ (b − c)
2
+ (c − a)
2
= 0 if a ≠ b ≠ c

Since (a − b)
2
> 0, (b − c)
2
> 0(c − a)
2
> 0

Hence, (a − b) 2
= 0 ⇒ a = b

2
(a − c) = 0 ⇒ b = c

2
(c − a) = 0 ⇒ c = a

∴ a = b = c Hence Proved.
33. In the following figure, △F EC ≅△GBD and ∠1 = ∠2 Prove that △ADE ≅△ABC .

Ans. :

∵ △F EC ≅△GBD

or, EC = BD … … (i)
It is given that ∠1 = ∠2
or, AE = AD(∵ Isosceles triangle property)...(ii)
From ,eqns. (i) and (ii),
AE AD
=
EC DB

or, DE| ∣ BC , ( ∵ converse of B.PT)

or, ∠1 = ∠3 and ∠2 = ∠4 ( ∵ Corresponding angles)
Thus in △ADE and △ABC ,
∠A = ∠A

∠1 = ∠3

∠2 = ∠4

△ADE ∼ △ABC(∵ AAA criterion of similarity)

△ADE ∼ △ABC Hence proved
34. A rocket is in the form of a right circular cylinder closed at the lower end and
surmounted by a cone with the same radius as that of cylinder. The diameter
and height of cylinder are 6 cm and 12 cm , respectively. If the slant height of
the conical portion is 5 cm , then find the total surface area and volume of
rocket. (Use π = 3.14 )
Ans. :
Cylinder Cone
r =
6

2
= 3cm r = 3 cm
H = 12 cm l = 5 cm
For cone,
2 2 2 2 2 2
∴ l = r +h + orh = l −r

2 2 2
h = 5 −3 = 25 − 9 = 16
−−
⇒ h = √16 = 4cm
 Now, volume of rocket = Volume of cylinder + Volume of cone
2 1 2 2 1
= πr H + πr h = πr [H + h]
3 3

1
= 3.14 × 3 × 3 [12 + × 4]
3

40 3
= 3.14 × 9 [ ] = 3.14 × 3 × 40 = 376.8cm
3

∴ Volume of Rocket = 376.8cm 3

Total surface area of rocket = Curved surface area of cylinder + Curved surface
area of cone + Area of base of cylinder [As it is closed (Given)]
2
= 2πrH + πrl + πr = πr[2H + l + r]

= 3.14 × 3[2 × 12 + 5 + 3]

= 3.14 × 3 × 32

2
= 301.44cm

Hence, the surface area of rocket is 2

301.44cm .
OR
* Rasheed got a playing top (lattu) as his birthday present, which surprisingly had
no colour on it. He wanted to colour it with his crayons. The top is shaped like a
cone surmounted by a hemisphere. The entire top is 5 cm in height and the
diameter of the top is 3.5 cm . Find the area he has to colour. (Take π =
22

7
).

Ans. : Surface area to colour = surface area of hemisphere + curved surface area of
cone
 Diameter of hemisphere = 3.5cm

So radius of hemispherical portion of the lattu = r =

3.5

2
cm = 1.75

r =Radius of the concial portion = 3.5

2
= 1.75

Height of the conical portion = height of top - radius of hemisphere

= 5 − 1.75 = 3.25cm

Let I be the slant height of the conical part. Then,

2 2 2
l = h +r

2 2 2
l = (3.25) + (1.75)

2
⇒ l = 10.5625 + 3.0625

2
⇒ l = 13.625
−−−−−
⇒ l = √13.625

⇒ l = 3.69

Let S be the total surface area of the top. Then,

2
S = 2πr + πrl

⇒ S = πr(2r + l)

22
⇒ S = × 1.75(2 × 1.75 + 3.7)
7

= 5.5(3.5 + 3.7)

= 5.5(7.2)

2
= 39.6cm

35. Find the missing frequencies in the following distribution, if the sum of the
frequencies is 120 and the mean is 50.
Class 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100
Frequency 17 f1 32 f2 19

Ans. :
Class Interval Frequency f i Mid-value xi f i xi
0-20 17 10 170
20-40 f1 30 30f 1
40-60 32 50 1600
60-80 f2 70 70f 2
80-100 19 90 1710
∑ fi = 68 + f1 ∑ fi xi = 3480

+ f2 = 120 + 30f1 + 70f2

 given
∑ f xi
i
Mean =
∑f
i

3480+30 f +70 f
1 2
⇒ 50 =
120

⇒ 6000 = 3480 + 30f1 + 70f2

⇒ 30f1 + 70f2 = 252 … (i)

Also, 68 + f 1 + f2 = 120

⇒ f1 = 52 − f2

Substituing in (i), we have

3 (52 − f2 ) + 7f2 = 252

⇒ 4f2 = 96

⇒ f2 = −24

⇒ f1 = 52 − 24 = 28

Hence, f 1
= 28 and f2 = 24

* Case study based questions [12]

36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Deepa has to buy a scooty. She can buy scooty either making cashdown
payment of ₹ 25,000 or by making 15 monthly instalments as below.
Ist month - ₹ 3425, Ilnd month - ₹ 3225, Illrd month - ₹ 3025, IVth month - ₹ 2825
and so on

(a) Find the amount of 6th instalment.

(b) Total amount paid in 15 instalments.
OR
If Deepa pays ₹ 2625 then find the number of instalment.
(c) Deepa paid 10th and 11th instalment together find the amount paid that
month.
Ans. : Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Deepa has to buy a scooty. She can buy scooty either making cashdown payment
of ₹ 25,000 or by making 15 monthly
instalments as below.
Ist month - ₹ 3425, Ilnd month - ₹ 3225, Illrd month - ₹ 3025, IVth month - ₹ 2825
and so on
 (i) 1st installment = ₹3425
2nd installment = ₹3225
3rd installment =₹ 3025
and so on
Now, 3425, 3225, 3025, ... are in AP, with

a = 3425, d = 3225 − 3425 = −200

Now 6th installment = an = a + 5d = 3425 + 5(−200) = ₹ 2425

an = a + (n − 1)d given an = 2625

2625 = 3425 + (n − 1) × −200

⇒ −800 = (n − 1) × −200

⇒ 4 = n = 1

⇒ n = 5

So, in 5th installment, she pays ₹ 2625 .

(iii) an = a + (n − 1)d

⇒ a10 = 3425 + 9 × (−200) = 1625

⇒ a11 = 3425 + 10 × (−200) = 1425

a10 + a11 = 1625 + 1425 = 3050

37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions :

In order to facilitate smooth passage of the parade, movement of traffic on
certain roads leading to the route of the Parade and Tableaux ah rays restricted.
To avoid traffic on the road Delhi Police decided to construct a rectangular route
plan, as shown in the figure.
(a) If Q is the mid point of BC, then what are the coordinates of Q?
(b) What is the length of the sides of quadrilateral PQRS?
OR
What is the length of route ABCD?
(c) What is the length of route PQRS?
Ans. : Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
In order to facilitate smooth passage of the parade, movement of traffic on certain
roads leading to the route of the Parade and
Tableaux ah rays restricted. To avoid traffic on the road Delhi Police decided to
construct a rectangular route plan, as shown in the figure.

(i) Q(x, y) is mid-point of B(−2, 4) and C(6, 4)

−2+6 4+4 4 8
∴ (x, y) = ( , ) = ( , ) = (2, 4)
2 2 2 2

(ii) Since PQRS is a rhombus,

therefore, P Q = QR = RS = P S .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
units
2 2
−−−−− −−
∴ P Q = √(−2 − 2) + (1 − 4) = √16 + 9 = √25 = 5

Thus, length of each side of PQRS is 5 units.

OR

Length of CD = 4 + 2 = 6 units and length of AD = 6 + 2 = 8 units ∴

Length of route ABCD - 2(6 +8)= 28 units

(iii)Length of route P QRS = 4P Q
= 4 × 5 = 20 units
38. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Skysails is the genre of engineering science that uses extensive utilization of
wind energy to move a vessel in the seawater. The 'Skysails' technology allows
the towing kite to gain a height of anything between 100 metres - 300 metres.
The sailing kite is made in such a way that it can be raised to its proper elevation
and then brought back with the help of a 'telescopic mast' that enables the kite
to be raised properly and effectively.
Based on the following figure related to sky sailing, answer the following
questions:

(a) In the given figure, if ∘

sin θ = cos(θ − 30 ) , where θ and θ − 30
∘
are acute angles,
then find the value of θ .
(b) What should be the length of the rope of the kite sail in order to pull the
ship at the angle θ (calculated above) and be at a vertical height of 200 m ?
OR
What should be the length of the rope of the kite sail in order to pull the ship at
the angle θ (calculated above) and be at a vertical height of 150 m ?
(c) In the given figure, if sin θ = cos(3θ − 30 )
∘
, where θ and ∘
3θ − 30 are acute
angles, then find the value of θ .
Ans. : Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Skysails is the genre of engineering science that uses extensive utilization of wind
energy to move a vessel in the seawater. The 'Skysails' technology allows the
towing kite to gain a height of anything between 100 metres - 300 metres. The
sailing kite is made in such a way that it can be raised to its proper elevation and
then brought back with the help of a 'telescopic mast' that enables the kite to be
raised properly and effectively.
Based on the following figure related to sky sailing, answer the following
questions:
 ∘
(i) sin θ = cos(θ − 30 )
∘ ∘
cos(90 − θ) = cos(θ − 30 )
∘ ∘
⇒90 − θ = θ − 30
∘
⇒θ = 60

(ii) AB

AC
= sin 60
∘

∴ Length of rope, AC = AB

sin 60
∘ =
200
√3
=
200×2
= 230.94m
√3
2

OR
AB ∘
= sin 30
AC

AB 150
∴ Length of rope, AC = ∘ = 1
= 150 × 2 = 300m
sin 30
2

∘
(iii) sin θ = cos(3θ − 30 )

∘ ∘
cos(90 − θ) = cos(3θ − 30 )
∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ 90 − θ = 3θ − 30 ⇒ θ = 30

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