Concept of Programming Languages

1. COBOL is a language designed for:

o Systems Programming

o Business Applications

o Scientific Applications

o Artificial Intelligence

2. Visual Basic language Genealogy is a combination of the characteristics of both .... languages.

o BASIC and SIMULA

o BASIC and C++

o JAVA and BASIC

o BASIC and C

3. Type checking is one of the characteristics that aid ... in programming languages.

o Reliability

o Readability

o Cost

o Writability

4. ... is one of the language evaluation criteri

o Portability

o Simplicity

o Orthogonality

o Expressivity

5. The cost in programming languages is affected by:

o Reliability, maintaining programs

o Orthogonality

o Readability

o Flexibility

6. Imperative languages can support .... languages.

o Functional

o Rule-based

o Markup

o Object-oriented
 Concept of Programming Languages
7. ... programs are partially compiled to detect errors before interpretation.

o C

o Perl

o Pascal

o C++

8. Variable names that begin with @ in Ruby language are called:

o Instance variables

o Class variables

o Static variables

o Global variables

9. The length of names has no limit in …… language.

o Fortran95

o Fortran77

o Java

o C89

10. The range of values of variables and the set of operations that are defined for values is
determined by……

o type

o l-value

o r-value

o cell address

11. Binding a variable to a type in Java language occurs at…

o language design time

o compile time

o load time

o run time

12. The disadvantage of using implicit declaration is ……

o Readability

o writability

o reliability flexibility
 Concept of Programming Languages
13. The advantage of using Dynamic Type Binding is ….

o flexibility

o simplicity

o reliability

o orthogonality

14. Global variables can be accessed in a function through the $GLOBALS array in … language

o C

o Java

o Pascal

o PHP

15. A Decimal data type is necessary to …. language

o COBOL

o C

o Java

o C++

16. The advantage of using Boolean data type as primitive data type is …

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o simplicity

17. The Character String data type is primitive in …. Language.

o SNOBOL4

o C

o Java

o C++

18. The primitive ordinal types in Java include …. integer, char, Boolean

o String

o integer

o float

o short
 Concept of Programming Languages
19. Enumeration type variables in …. language is coerced into integer types.

o Ada

o C#

o Java 5.0

o C++

20. The disadvantage of subrange types is………

o Flexibility

o writability

o readability

o reliability

21. LISP is a language designed for......

o Systems Programming

o Business Applications

o Scientific Applications

o Artificial Intelligence

22. FORTRAN90 language Genealogy is a combination of the characteristics of both ......

languages.

o FORTRAN77 and Pascal

o FORTRAN and ADA

o FORTRAN77 and ADA

o FORTRAN80 and ADA

23. PROLOG language is derived from ...... language.

o LISP

o ML

o HASKELL

o Otherwise

24. The characteristic of readability excludes......

o Expressivity

o Simplicity

o Orthogonality Syntax Design

 Concept of Programming Languages
25. There are ... characteristics of writability.

o 9

o 6

o 5

o 4

26. The Language Evaluation Criteria in which programs can be moved from one implementation to
another is calle.....

o Cost

o Portability

o Generality

o Orthogonality

27. ....is one of the Influences on Language Design

o Computer Architecture

o Computer Programming

o Design of algorithms

o Otherwise

28. The language which is imperative is....

o (‫ يرجى التأكد من السؤال‬،‫)يبدو أن النص غير مكتمل هنا‬

29. .... language has powerful writability at the cost of reliability.

o Prolog

o Fortran

o Java

o B and C

30. Fast translation and slow execution are the characteristics of ...... implementation systems

o Interpretation

o Hybrid

o Compilation

o Otherwise
 Concept of Programming Languages
31. Length of names is not limited in ...... language.

o Fortran 95

o ADA

o Java

o B and C

32. All variable names that begin with @ are instance variables in .... language.

o RUBY

o PERL

o PHP

o PASCAL

33. The disadvantage of case-sensitivity is......

o readability

o writability

o portability

o reliability

34. The user may have difficulty making up names, that are not reserved, in …...language.

o APL

o COBOL

o ADA

o PASCAL

35. The association between a variable and its type or value is called …

o Address

o scope

o value

o binding

36. Binding operator symbols to operations occurs at … time.

o compile

o language design

o link

o run
 Concept of Programming Languages
37. The disadvantage of implicit declarations is.

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o otherwise

38. The advantage of static variables is ….

o efficiency

o flexibility

o reliability

o otherwise

39. The disadvantage of Implicit heap-dynamic variables is ….

o Inefficiency

o reliability

o readability

o flexibility

40. ….. language allows access to hidden variables.

o C++

o ADA

o Pascal

o JAVA

41. The …data type is almost always an exact reflection of the hardware.

o string

o int

o float

o B and C

42. A …... language supports the decimal data type

o COBOL

o Pascal

o Java

o Python
 Concept of Programming Languages
43. The advantage of using Boolean data type as primitive data type is ….

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o simplicity

44. The Character String data type is primitive in … Language.

o SNOBOL4

o PERL

o Java

o C++

45. ….. Language supports all three-character string length options.

o String

o Ada

o Perl

o Fortran

46. Enumeration type aids to …...

o Flexibility

o readability

o reliability

o B and C

47. A…... array is a multi-dimensional array has rows with varying number of elements.

o rectangular

o jagged

o heterogeneous

o Otherwise

48. Java language has …... primitive ordinal types.

o 2

o 3

o 4

o 5
 Concept of Programming Languages
49. Subrange ordinal data types of aid to ….

o reliability

o readability

o writability

o Otherwise

50. The index of arrays in Fortran language is …...data type.

o integer

o enumeration

o character

o B and C

51. Binding of subscript ranges and storage allocation is dynamic and can change any number of
times in ….

o Heap-dynamic

o Fixed heap-dynamic

o Stack-dynamic

o B and C

52. FORTRAN is a language designed for…….

o Systems Programming

o Business Applications

o Scientific Applications

o D. Artificial Intelligence

53. C# language Genealogy is a combination of the characteristics of both ……languages.

o JAVA and SIMULA

o SIMULA and C++

o RUBY and BASIC

o D. JAVA and visual BASIC

54. SCHEME language is derived from …… language.

o LISP

o ML

o HASKELL D. otherwise
 Concept of Programming Languages
55. The characteristic of readability includes……

o Expressivity

o Simplicity

o Orthogonality

o D. B and C

56. There are … characteristics of reliability.

o 9

o 6

o 5

o D. 4

57. Language Evaluation Criteria do not include……

o Cost

o Portability

o Generality

o D. Orthogonality

58. The number of Influences on Language Design is……

o 3

o 2

o 4

o D. 5

59. Decoding the instruction is the … step in the Fetch-execute-cycle.

o 3rd

o 2nd

o 4th

o D. 1st

60. Object-oriented programming appeared in……

o 1990’s

o 1970’s

o 1980’s

o D. 1960’s
 Concept of Programming Languages
61. The language which is not imperative is……

o Prolog

o C++

o java

o D. Fortran

62. ……language has powerful writability at the cost of readability.

o C

o APL

o JAVA

o D. PERL

63. There are …… methods for implementing programming languages.

o 2

o 4

o 3

o D. 5

64. The number of layers of computer is……

o 4

o 5

o 6

o D. 3

65. Slow translation and fast execution are the characteristics of ……

o Interpretation

o Hybrid

o Compilation

o D. Otherwise

66. Length of names is limited in …... language.

o Fortran 95

o C99

o Java

o D. C++
 Concept of Programming Languages
67. All variable names must begin with dollar signs in …. language.

o RUBY

o PERL

o PHP

o D. PASCAL

68. Names in …. Language is not sensitive.

o ADA

o C

o Java

o D. C++

69. The user may have difficulty making up names, that are not reserved, in …...language.

o APL

o COBOL

o ADA

o PASCAL

70. The number of attributes of variables is …...

o 4

o 5

o 7

o 6

71. The range of values of variables and the set of operations that are defined for these values is
called …

o Address

o scope

o value

o type

72. Binding a non-static local variable to a memory cell occurs at … time.

o compile

o run

o link language design

 Concept of Programming Languages
73. The advantage of implicit declarations is.

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o otherwise

74. Bounding variables to memory cells before execution begins and remains bound to the same
memory cell throughout execution is called …

o static

o dynamic

o fixed

o otherwise

75. The number of Categories of Variables by Lifetimes is ….

o 5

o 4

o 6

o 3

76. The disadvantage of Implicit heap-dynamic variables is …

o Inefficiency

o reliability

o readability

o flexibility

77. Searching declarations, first locally, then in increasingly larger enclosing scopes is called …

o Dynamic scoping

o lifetime

o bound time

o static scoping

78. ….. language allows access to hidden variables.

o C++

o ADA

o Pascal JAVA
 Concept of Programming Languages
79. Variable names that begin with @ in Ruby language is called …

o instance variables

o class variables

o static variables

o global variables

80. … language uses blocks for creating static scopes inside program units.

o C

o Pascal

o Java

o C#

81. In …. language, the scope of any variable declared in a block is the whole block, regardless of
the position of the declaration in the block.

o C#

o C++

o Pascal

o Fortran

82. Global variables can be accessed in a function through the $GLOBALS in … language.

o JAVA

o PHP

o PASCAL

o RUBY

83. The disadvantage of Dynamic Scoping is poor……

o Readability

o writability

o reliability

o flexibility

84. The collection of all names that are visible in the statement is called……

o referencing environment

o static scoping

o dynamic scoping otherwise

 Concept of Programming Languages
85. A…is the collection of the attributes of a variable.

o descriptor

o data type

o scope

o otherwise

86. A …... language supports a complex type.

o Pascal

o Java

o Python

o COBOL

87. The advantage of using Boolean data type as primitive data type is …

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o simplicity

88. The Character String data type is primitive via the String class in …... Language.

o SNOBOL4

o PERL

o Java

o C++

89. ….. Language supports all three-character string length options.

o String

o ADA

o Perl

o Fortran

90. Enumeration type aids to ……

o Flexibility

o writability

o Orthogonality

o readability
 Concept of Programming Languages
91. A…… array is a multi-dimensional array has rows with varying number of elements.

o rectangular

o jagged

o heterogeneous

o Otherwise

92. FORTRAN is a language designed for…….

o Systems Programming

o Business Applications

o Scientific Applications

o Artificial Intelligence

93. C# language Genealogy is a combination of the characteristics of both ……languages.

o JAVA and SIMULA

o SIMULA and C++

o RUBY and BASIC

o JAVA and visual BASIC

94. SCHEME language is derived from …… language.

o LISP

o ML

o HASKELL

o otherwise

95. The characteristic of readability includes……

o Expressivity

o Simplicity

o Orthogonality

o B and C

96. There are … characteristics of reliability.

o 9

o 6

o 5

o 4
 Concept of Programming Languages
97. Language Evaluation Criteria do not include……

o Cost

o Portability

o Generality

o Orthogonality

98. The number of Influences on Language Design is……

o 3

o 2

o 4

o 5

99. Decoding the instruction is the … step in the Fetch-execute-cycle.

o 3rd

o 2nd

o 4th

o 1st

100. Object-oriented programming appeared in……

o 1990’s

o 1970’s

o 1980’s

o 1960’s

101. The language(s) which is/are not imperative is/are……

o Prolog

o C++

o java

o Fortran

102. ……language has powerful writability at the cost of readability.

o C

o APL

o JAVA

o PERL
 Concept of Programming Languages
103. There are …… methods for implementing programming languages.

o 2

o 4

o 3

o 5

104. The number of layers of computer is……

o 4

o 5

o 6

o 3

105. Slow translation and fast execution are the characteristics of …

o Interpretation

o Hybrid

o Compilation

o Otherwise

106. The user may have difficulty making up names, that are not reserved, in …...language.

o API

o COBOL

o ADA

o PASCAL

107. The association between a variable and its type or value is called …

o Address

o scope

o value

o binding

108. Binding operator symbols to operations occurs at … time.

o compile

o language design

o link

o run
 Concept of Programming Languages
109. The disadvantage of implicit declarations is.

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o otherwise

110. The advantage of static variables is ….

o efficiency

o flexibility

o reliability

o otherwise

111. The disadvantage of Implicit heap-dynamic variables is ….

o Inefficiency

o reliability

o readability

o flexibility

112. ….. language allows access to hidden variables.

o C++

o ADA

o Pascal

o JAVA

113. The …data type is almost always an exact reflection of the hardware.

o string

o int

o float

o B and C

114. A …... language supports the decimal data type

o COBOL

o Pascal

o Java

o Python
 Concept of Programming Languages
115. The advantage of using Boolean data type as primitive data type is …

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o simplicity

116. The Character String data type is primitive in …. Language.

o SNOBOL4

o PERL

o Java

o C++

117. ….. Language supports all three-character string length options.

o String

o Ada

o Perl

o Fortran

118. Enumeration type aids to ……

o Flexibility

o readability

o reliability

o B and C

119. A…... array is a multi-dimensional array has rows with varying number of elements.

o rectangular

o jagged

o heterogeneous

o Otherwise

120. Java language has …… primitive ordinal types.

o 2

o 3

o 4

o 5
 Concept of Programming Languages
121. Subrange ordinal data types of aid to…….

o reliability

o readability

o writability

o Otherwise

122. The index of arrays in Fortran language is …...data type.

o integer

o enumeration

o character

o B and C

123. Binding of subscript ranges and storage allocation is dynamic and can change any
number of times in ….

o Heap-dynamic

o Fixed heap-dynamic

o Stack-dynamic

o B and C

124. C and C++ arrays without static modifier are……

o Heap-dynamic

o Fixed heap-dynamic

o fixed Stack-dynamic

o Otherwise

125. List comprehensions is used in …...language.

o C

o Java

o Python

o C++

126. A…is the collection of the attributes of a variable.

o descriptor

o data type

o scope otherwise
 Concept of Programming Languages
127. A …... language supports a complex type.

o COBOL

o Pascal

o Java

o Python

128. The advantage of using Boolean data type as primitive data type is …

o writability

o reliability

o readability

o simplicity

129. The Character String data type is primitive via the String class in …... Language.

o SNOBOL4

o PERL

o Java

o C++

130. Enumeration type aids to ……

o Flexibility

o readability

o reliability

o B and C

131. ….. Language supports all three-character string length options.

o String

o ADA

o Perl

o Fortran

132. LISP is a language designed for...

o Systems Programming

o Business Applications

o Scientific Applications

o Artificial Intelligence
 Concept of Programming Languages
133. The characteristic of readability excludes...

o Expressivity

o Simplicity

o Orthogonality

o Syntax Design

134. There are ...... characteristics of writability.

o 4

o 5

o 6

o 9

135. The language evaluation criteria in which programs can be moved from one
implementation to another is called ......

o Cost

o Portability

o Generality

o Orthogonality

136. The cost in programming languages is affected by…

o Flexibility

o Maintaining programs

o Orthogonally

o Readability

137. ...... is one of the influences on language design.

o Computer Architecture

o Computer Programming

o Design of algorithms

o Otherwise

138. …programs are partially compiled to detect errors before interpretation.

o C

o Perl

o Pascal C++
 Concept of Programming Languages
139. The language which is imperative is...

o Prolog

o C++

o Java

o B and C

140. ….. language is an abstraction of von Neumann architecture.

o C

o Prolog

o LISP

o Scheme

141. Imperative languages can support.... languages.

o rule-based

o functional

o markup

o object-oriented

142. … is the form or structure of the expressions, statements, and program units.

o Syntax

o Semantics

o Structure

o Code

143. Length of names is limited in language…

o Fortran 95

o C99

o Java

o C++

144. The range of values of variables and the set of operations that are defined for values is
determined by…

o type

o l-value

o r-value cell address

 Concept of Programming Languages
145. All variable names that begin with @ are instance variables in ...... language.

o Ruby

o Perl

o PHP

o Pascal

146. Names in …… language are not sensitive.

o ADA

o C

o Java

o C++

147. The user may have difficulty making up names, that are not reserved, in …

o APL

o COBOL

o Java

o C++

148. The association between a variable and its type or value is called ......

o Address

o Scope

o Value

o Binding

149. Binding operator symbols to operations occurs at ... time.

o compile

o language design

o link

o run

150. Binding a non-static local variable to a memory cell occurs at ... time.

o compile

o run

o link

o language design
 Concept of Programming Languages
151. Bounding variables to memory cells before execution begins and remains bound to the
same memory cell throughout execution is called…

o static

o dynamic

o fixed

o otherwise

152. Type inferencing is not used in …... Language.

o C#

o F#

o C++

o ML

153. Overhead of allocation and deallocation occurs in …. Variables.

o stack dynamic

o static

o explicit heap dynamic

o implicit heap dynamic

154. ……. language has dynamic type binding.

o Python

o Prolog

o C++

o Fortran

155. Searching declarations, first locally, then in increasingly larger enclosing scopes is
called …

o Dynamic scoping

o lifetime

o bound time

o static scoping

156. …. language allows access to hidden variables.

o C++

o ADA

o Pascal JAVA
 Concept of Programming Languages
157. In... language, the scope of any variable declared in a block is the whole block,
regardless of the position of the declaration in the block.

o C#

o C++

o Pascal

o Fortran

158. Global variables can be accessed in a function through the $GLOBALS in ... language.

o Java

o PHP

o Pascal

o Ruby

159. The collection of all names that are visible in the statement is calle..

o referencing environment

o static scoping

o dynamic scoping

o otherwise

160. ..is the collection of the attributes of a variable.

o descriptor

o data type

o scope

o otherwise

161. .... array is a multi-dimensional array that has rows with varying number of elements.

o rectangular

o jagged

o heterogeneous

o Otherwise

162. The index of arrays in Fortran language is ...... data type.

o integer

o enumeration

o character B and C
 Concept of Programming Languages
163. List comprehensions is used in ...... language.

o C

o Java

o Python

o C++

164. In Python, if the matrix definition: mat = [[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]], then
mat [1] [0:2] = .......
o [1,2]

o [4,5,6]

o [4,5]

o Otherwise

165. The common way for accessing multi-dimensional arrays in ...... language is column
major order.

o Perl

o Java

o Python

o Fortran

166. The associative array in ...... language is not built in.

o Perl

o Ruby

o Pascal

o Otherwise

167. Which language allows record comparison?

o Perl

o C++

o Python

o Ada

168. A ...... is a data type that is similar to a record, except that the elements are not name

o Tuple

o list

o slice Otherwise
 Concept of Programming Languages
169. In Scheme language, CDR ' (A B C) return ......

o (A B)

o (C)

o (B C)

o Otherwise

170. A Decimal data type is necessary to...... language.

o COBOL

o C

o Java

o C++

171. Enumeration type variables in ......language is coerced into integer types.

o Ada

o C#

o Java 5.0

o C++
 Concept of Programming Languages
1. Java Language Genealogy is a combination of the characteristics of both C and SIMULA
languages. ✘ C++ and SIMULA

2. A manageable set of features and constructs is a characteristic of simplicity. ✔

3. Abstraction is one of the characteristics of readability. ✘ Writability

4. In programming languages, poor reliability leads to high costs. ✔

5. PROLOG is one of the functional languages while LISP is one of the imperative languages. ✘

6. The completeness and precision of the language's official definition is called generality. ✘

7. Memory is embedded into CPU in von Neumann computers. ✘ Separate

8. Rule-based languages are abstractions of von Neumann architecture. ✘ Imperative Ls

9. The attributes of a variable include the time during which it is bound to a particular memory cell. ✔

10. Binding a C static variable to a memory cell occurs at compile time. ✘ Load

11. The default mechanism for specifying types of variables through default conventions is called
explicit declaration. ✘ Implicit

12. If the context of the appearance of a variable determines its type, this is called type inference. ✔

13. The type error detection by the compiler is easy in Dynamic Type Binding. ✘

14. Subprograms can be history sensitive at stack dynamic allocation. ✘ Stack

15. The non-primitive data types are those defined in terms of other data types. ✔

16. Some languages support complex types such as Java language. ✘ C99, Python, Fortran

17. The advantage of using the primitive data type, Decimal, is the accuracy. ✔

18. The Character String Type is primitive in C++ language. ✘ SNOBOL4

19. The Character String Length in JavaScript is limited dynamic. ✘ Dynamic

20. A heterogeneous array is supported by Ruby language. ✔ Python, Perl, JS, Ruby

21. Programs in pure functional languages are referentially transparent. ✔

22. There are two types of type conversions. ✔

23. Coercion is an implicit type conversion. ✔

24. The syntax of Casting in F# language is like float(sum). ✔

25. Underflow is a compile-time error. ✘ Run-Time Error

26. Ruby uses eql? for equality relation operator that uses coercions. ✘ ==

27. The non-primitive data types are those defined in terms of other data types. ✔
 Concept of Programming Languages
28. C99 language uses int type with 0 for false and nonzero for true. ✘ C89

29. Java language uses short-circuit evaluation for all types of Boolean operators. ✔

30. ADA language has an option to use short-circuit evaluation.✔

31. The Compound Assignment Operators are Introduced in C language. ✔

32. A heterogeneous array is supported by Ruby language. ✔

33. -count++ = - (count++). ✔

34. The assignment as an expression in Perl language has no side effect.✘

35. RUBY language allows multiple-target multiple-source assignments. ✔

36. ML language's val creates a new scope. ✘

37. In Java and C#, only widening assignment coercions are done.✔

38. In the 1950's, all algorithms represented by flowcharts can be coded with only two-way selection
and pre logical loops. ✘ 1960

39. A control structure consists of three parts. ✘ Two

40. The control expression can be arithmetic in Python language. ✔ C, C++

41. else matches with the nearest previous if in Java language. ✔

42. The syntax of switch-case statement in C, C#, Java, and JavaScript is the same. ✘ C++

43. The control expression in Java and C# languages must be Boolean type.✔

44. Counter-controlled loops in F# require variables. ✔

45. Break is used as an unconditional labeled exit in both Java and Perl languages. ✘ last in Perl

46. goto statement can be used in switch statements in C# language. ✔

47. Programs in pure functional languages are referentially transparent. ✔

48. ADA language has an option to use short-circuit evaluation. ✔ not no Ruby, Perl, ML, F#

49. Array indexing is implemented as methods in Ruby language. ✔

50. Writing the language definition to demand that operand evaluation order be fixed improves
compiler optimizations. ✘ Limit Compiler Optimization

51. In C language, -count++ = - (count++). ✔

52. The assignment as an expression in Perl language has no side effect.✘

53. RUBY language allows multiple-target multiple-source assignments. ✔ Perl, Ruby, Lua

54. In Java and C#, only widening assignment coercions are done. ✔
 Concept of Programming Languages
55. else matches with the nearest previous if in Java language. ✔

56. The syntax of switch-case statement in C, C#, Java, and JavaScript is the same. ✘ C++

57. The control expression in Java and C# languages must be Boolean type. ✔

58. Break is used as an unconditional labeled exit in both Java and Perl languages. ✘ last in Perl

59. FORTRAN99 control statements were based directly on IBM 704 hardware. ✘ FORTRAN

60. The control expression can be arithmetic in Python. ✔ C, C++

61. Perl language uses indentation to define clauses. ✘ Python

62. The positional parameter in functions means that the name of the formal parameter to which an
actual parameter is to be bound is specified with the actual parameter. ✘ Keyword

63. In C++, default parameters must appear last because parameters are keyword associate. ✔

64. Procedures structurally resemble functions but are semantically modeled on mathematical
functions. ✘

65. The number of Semantic Models of Parameter Passing equals four. ✘ Three

66. Using in mode, the value of the actual parameter is used to initialize the corresponding formal
parameter. ✔

67. When a parameter is passed by result, no value is transmitted to the subprogram. ✔

68. Pass-by-Reference is input Mode and is inefficient. ✘ efficient

69. All parameters of methods in Java language are passed by reference. ✘

70. All semantic modes are used in ADA language. ✔

71. There are three types of Referencing Environment when parameters of functions are subprogram
Names. ✔

72. Deep binding of parameters, which are subprogram names, is the environment of the call
statement that enacts the passed subprogram. ✘ Shallow Binding

73. Two overloaded functions can have the same parameters in Ada language because the return type
of an overloaded function can be used to disambiguate calls. ✔

74. Ada subprograms can return any type except subprograms type. ✔

75. A static-scoped language that does not permit nested subprograms needs closures. ✘ Need

76. The first resume of a coroutine is to its beginning, but subsequent calls enter at the point just
before the last executed statement in the coroutine. ✘ Just After

77. All programming languages designed since 1970 support data abstraction. ✘
 Concept of Programming Languages
78. An abstract data type is a user-defined data type that satisfies three conditions. ✘ Two

79. Reliability and modifiability are from the advantages of data abstractions. ✔

80. The encapsulation construct is called a package in Ada language. ✔

81. In Java, to provide access to private members to some unrelated units or functions, friend
functions or classes are used. ✘ in C++

82. Parameterized ADTs allow designing an ADT that can store some type elements. ✘ Any type

83. C# 2005 provides support for parameterized ADTs. ✔

84. Generic parameters must be classes in Java 5.0. ✔

85. A naming encapsulation is used to create a new scope for names. ✔

86. Java language includes namespaces.✔

87. The positional parameter in functions means that the name of the formal parameter to which an
actual parameter is to be bound is specified with the actual parameter. ✘ Keyword

88. In C++, default parameters must appear last because parameters are keyword associate. ✔

89. Procedures structurally resemble functions but are semantically modeled on mathematical
functions. ✘

90. The number of Semantic Models of Parameter Passing equals four. ✘ Three

91. Using in mode, the value of the actual parameter is used to initialize the corresponding formal
parameter. ✔

92. When a parameter is passed by result, no value is transmitted to the subprogram. ✔

93. Pass-by-Reference is input Mode and is inefficient. ✘ efficient

94. All parameters of methods in Java language are passed by reference. ✘

95. All semantic modes are used in the Ada language. ✔

96. There are three types of Referencing Environment when parameters of functions are subprogram
Names. ✔

97. Deep binding of parameters, which are subprogram names, is the environment of the call
statement that enacts the past subprogram. ✘ Shallow Binding

98. Two overloaded functions can have the same parameters in Ada language because the return type
of an overloaded function can be used to disambiguate calls. ✔

99. Ada subprograms can return any type except subprograms type. ✔

100. A static-scoped language that does not permit nested subprograms needs closures. ✘
 Concept of Programming Languages
101. The first resume of a coroutine is to its beginning, but subsequent calls enter at the point just
before the last executed statement in the coroutine. ✘ Just After

102. In Java and C#, only widening assignment coercions are done. ✔

103. Some languages support complex types such as Java language. ✘

104. Variables can be hidden from a unit by having a closer variable with the same name. ✔

105. The default mechanism for specifying types of variables through default conventions is called
explicit declaration. ✘ Implicit

106. The non-primitive data types are those defined in terms of other data types. ✔

107. The character string type is primitive in C++ language. ✘

108. There are two types of type conversions. ✔

109. Coercion is an implicit type conversion. ✔

110. The syntax of Casting in F# language is like float (sum). ✔

111. In C language, -count+ =- (count++). ✔

112. RUBY language allows multiple-target multiple-source assignments. ✔

113. The control expression can be arithmetic in Python language. ✔

114. else matches with the nearest previous if in Java language. ✔

115. Counter-controlled loops in F# require variables. ✔

116. Break is used as an unconditional labeled exit in both Java and Perl languages. ✘ last Perl