PERUNDURAI MAIN ROAD THINDAL, ERODE –638012.

A PROJECT REPORT ON THE TITLE

RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM

FOR
AISSCE2024-2025EXAMINATION
As a part of the

“COMPUTER SCIENCE (083)”

SUBMITTED BY

YESHWANTH K

Reg No:__________

Under the guidance of

Mrs. Sathya T K M.C.A., M.Phil., B.Ed.,
 PERUNDURAI MAIN ROAD THINDAL, ERODE –638012.

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this project report entitled Railway Reservation System

is a bonafide record of the project work done by YESHWANTH.K

Reg.No.__________________, a student of class XII has successfully completed

his project work under the guidance of Computer Science facilitator Mrs.

Sathya.T.K M.C.A., M.Phil., B.Ed., during the year 2024-2025.This project has

been submitted in partial fulfillment of AISSCE for practical held at SRI

CHAITANYA TECHNO SCHOOL on ………………

------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

------------------------
PRINCIPAL
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Apart from the efforts of me the success of any project depends largely on the
encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my
gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of
this project.

I express the sense of gratitude to almighty god for giving me strength for the
successful completion of the project.

I express my heartfelt gratitude to my parents for constant encouragement while

carrying out this project.

I gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the individuals who contributed in

bringing this project up to this level, who continues to look after me despite my
flaws.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to The Principal, Mr. RAUVURI

SANJEEVA REDDY M.Sc., B.Ed., Sri Chaitanya Techno School, Erode, who has
been continuously motivating and extending his helping hands to us.

I am overwhelmed to express my thanks to the school management for providing

me and infrastructure and moral support while carrying out this project in the
school.

My sincere thanks to Mrs.SATHYA T K M.C.A., M.Phil., B.Ed., Master in-

charge, a guide, mentor all the above a friend who critically reviewed my project
and helped in solving each and every problem occur during implementation of the
project.

The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed and who
are contributing to this project was vital and for the success for the project. I am
grateful for their constant support and help.
Your’s Sincerely,
 CONTENT

S.No Title Page.No

1 Introduction 01-02

2 Proposed system 03

3 Software and Hardware Requirements 04

4 Software development lifecycle 05-10

5 Source Code 11-18

6 Output 19-24

7 Software Testing 25-26

8 Bibiliography 27
 INTRODUCTION

The railway reservation system is basically a database based project done with help of

python language. This project is very use full for the people to book or cancel train tickets by

sitting at home with one cell phone in their hand. This project can be modified for various

reservations. The railway reservation system facilitates the passengers to enquiry about the

trains available on the basis of source and destination, booking and cancellation of tickets,

enquiry about the status of the booked ticket, etc. The aim of case study is to design and

develop a data base maintaining records of different trains, train status and passengers. This

project contains introduction to the railways reservation system. It is the computerized system

of reserving the seats of train seats in advance. It is mainly used for a long route. Online

reservation has made the process for the reservation of seats very much easier than ever before.

In our country India, there are number of counters for the reservation of the seats and one can

easily make reservations and get tickets. Railway reservation system, has described above, can

lead to error free, secure, reliable and fast management system. It can assist the user to

concentrate on their other activities rather to concentrate on the record keeping. Thus it will

help organization it better utilization of resources. Administrator of the project, with the help of

a password, can enter new train record, display all train records, modify train records and delete

train records. The record of train includes its number, name, source, destination, and days on

which it is available, whereas record of train status includes dates for which tickets can be

1
booked, total number of seats available, and number of seats already booked.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this project is to let the students apply the programming knowledge into

a real- world situation/problem and exposed the students how programming skills helps in

developing a good software.

• Write programs utilizing modern software tools.

• Apply object oriented programming principles effectively when developing small to

medium sized projects.

• Write effective procedural code to solve small to medium sized problems.

• Students will demonstrate a breadth of knowledge in computer science, as exemplified in

the areas of systems, theory and software development.

• Students will demonstrate ability to conduct a research or applied Computer Science

project, requiring writing and presentation skills which exemplify scholarly style in

computer science.

2
 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Today one cannot afford to rely on the fallible human beings of be really wants to stand

against today’s merciless competition where not to wise saying “to err is human” no longer

valid, it’s outdated to rationalize your mistake. So, to keep pace with time, to bring about the

best result without malfunctioning and greater efficiency so to replace the unending heaps of

flies with a much sophisticated hard disk of the computer.

One has to use the data management software. Software has been an ascent in

atomization various organisations. Many software products working are now in markets, which

have helped in making the organizations work easier and efficiently. Data management initially

had to maintain a lot of ledgers and a lot of paper work has to be done but now software

product on this organization has made their work faster and easier. Now only this software has

to be loaded on the computer and work can be done.

This prevents a lot of time and money. The work becomes fully automated and any

information regarding the organization can be obtained by clicking the button. Moreover, now

it’s an age of computers of and automating such an organization gives the better look.

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 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE
REQUIREMENTS

I.OPERATING SYSTEM : WINDOWS 7 AND ABOVE

II.PYTHON COMPILER : IDLE (INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING

ENVIRONMENT)

III.MYSQL MODULES : MYSQL WORKBENCH

IV. PROCESSOR : PENTIUM(ANY) OR AMD

ATHALON(3800+- 4200+ DUAL CORE)

V. MOTHERBOARD : 1.845 OR 915,995 FOR PENTIUM 0R MSI

K9MM-V VIA K8M800+8237R PLUS CHIPSET FOR AMD

ATHALON

VI. RAM : 512MB+

VII. Hard disk : SATA 40 GB OR ABOVE

VIII. CD/DVD r/w multidrive combo: (If back up required)

IX. FLOPPY DRIVE 1.44 MB : (If Backup required)

X. MONITOR 14.1 or 15 -17 inch

XI. Key board and mouse

XII. Printer : (if print is required – [Hard copy])

4
 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
(SDLC)

The systems development life cycle is a project management technique that divides
complex projects into smaller, more easily managed segments or phases. Segmenting projects
allows managers to verify the successful completion of project phases before allocating
resources to subsequent phases.
Software development projects typically include initiation, planning, design,
development, testing, implementation, and maintenance phases. However, the phases may be
divided differently depending on the organization involved.
For example, initial project activities might be designated as request, requirements-
definition, and planning phases, or initiation, concept-development, and planning phases. End
users of the system under development should be involved in reviewing the output of each
phase to ensure the system is being built to deliver the needed functionality.

5
PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

INITIATION PHASE

The Initiation Phase begins when a business sponsor identifies a need or an opportunity.

The purpose of the Initiation Phase is to:

• Identify and validate an opportunity to improve business accomplishments of the

organization or a deficiency related to a business need.
• Identify significant assumptions and constraints on solutions to that need.
• Recommend the exploration of alternative concepts and methods to satisfy the need
including questioning the need for technology, i.e., will a change in the business process
offer a solution?
• Assure executive business and executive technical sponsorship. The Sponsor designates a
Project Manager and the business need is documented in a Concept Proposal. The
Concept Proposal includes information about the business process and the relationship to
the Agency/Organization.
• Infrastructure and the Strategic Plan. A successful Concept Proposal results in a Project
Management Charter which outlines the authority of the project manager to begin the
project.

Careful oversight is required to ensure projects support strategic business objectives and
resources are effectively implemented into an organization's enterprise architecture. The
initiation phase begins when an opportunity to add, improve, or correct a system is identified
and formally requested through the presentation of a business case. The business case should, at
a minimum, describe a proposal’s purpose, identify expected benefits, and explain how the
proposed system supports one of the organization’s business strategies. The business case
should also identify alternative solutions and detail as many informational, functional, and
network requirements as possible.

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SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business need or opportunity is
validated by the Agency/Organization Program Leadership and the Agency/Organization CIO.

The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to:

• Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the alternatives.

• Identify system interfaces.
• Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy the business need.
• Establish system boundaries; identify goals, objectives, critical success factors, and
performance measures.
• Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to satisfy the basic functional
requirements
• Assess project risks
• Identify and initiate risk mitigation actions, and Develop high-level technical
architecture, process models, data models, and a concept of operations. This phase
explores potential technical solutions within the context of the business need.
• It may include several trade-off decisions such as the decision to use COTS software
products as opposed to developing custom software or reusing software components, or
the decision to use an incremental delivery versus a complete, onetime deployment.
• Construction of executable prototypes is encouraged to evaluate technology to support
the business process. The System Boundary Document serves as an important reference
document to support the Information Technology Project Request (ITPR) process.
• The ITPR must be approved by the State CIO before the project can move forward.

7
PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC:

PLANNING PHASE

The planning phase is the most critical step in completing development, acquisition, and
maintenance projects. Careful planning, particularly in the early stages of a project, is necessary
to coordinate activities and manage project risks effectively. The depth and formality of project
plans should be commensurate with the characteristics and risks of a given project. Project
plans refine the information gathered during the initiation phase by further identifying the
specific activities and resources required to complete a project.
A critical part of a project manager’s job is to coordinate discussions between user, audit,
security, design, development, and network personnel to identify and document as many
functional, security, and network requirements as possible. During this phase, a plan is
developed that documents the approach to be used and includes a discussion of methods, tools,
tasks, resources, project schedules, and user input. Personnel assignments, costs, project
schedule, and target dates are established.
A Project Management Plan is created with components related to acquisition planning,
configuration management planning, quality assurance planning, concept of operations, system
security, verification and validation, and systems engineering management planning.

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DESIGN PHASE

The design phase involves converting the informational, functional, and network
requirements identified during the initiation and planning phases into unified design
specifications that developers use to script programs during the development phase. Program
designs are constructed in various ways. Using a top-down approach, designers first identify
and link major program components and interfaces, then expand design layouts as they identify

and link smaller subsystems and connections. Using a bottom-up approach, designers
first identify and link minor program components and interfaces, then expand design layouts as
they identify and link larger systems and connections. Contemporary design techniques often
use prototyping tools that build mock-up designs of items such as application screens, database
layouts, and system architectures. End users, designers, developers, database managers, and
network administrators should review and refine the prototyped designs in an iterative process
until they agree on an acceptable design. Audit, security, and quality assurance personnel
should be involved in the review and approval process. During this phase, the system is
designed to satisfy the functional requirements identified in the previous phase. Since problems
in the design phase could be very expensive to solve in the later stage of the software
development, a variety of elements are considered in the design to mitigate risk Everything
requiring user input or approval is documented and reviewed by the user. Once these
documents have been approved by the Agency CIO and Business Sponsor, the final System
Design Document is created to serve as the Critical/Detailed Design for the system.
• This document receives a rigorous review by Agency technical and functional
representatives to ensure that it satisfies the business requirements. Concurrent with the
development of the system design, the Agency Project Manager begins development of
the Implementation Plan, Operations and Maintenance Manual, and the Training Plan.

9
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PHASE

The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued performance in
accordance with user requirements and needed system modifications are incorporated.
Operations continue as long as the system can be effectively adapted to respond to the
organization’s needs. When modifications or changes are identified, the system may reenter the
planning phase.

The purpose of this phase is to:

• Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

• Certify that the system can process sensitive information.
• Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the functional requirements
continue to be satisfied.
• Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced, or retired.

FLOW CHART

4. THEN THE DATA 1. COMMANDED

WILL BE SEND TO PROGRAM WILL BE
THE PYTHON IDLE. EXECUTED IN PYTHON
IDLE .

3. THE REQUIRED 2. AS THE PYTHON

DATA WILL BE AND MYSQL ARE
CONNECTED THE
TAKEN FROM
COMMAND WILL BE
THE DATABASE. SENT TO MYSQL.

10
 SOURCE CODE

FILE NAME : TABLES

import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='manager')

cursor=mycon.cursor()

mycon.autocommit=True

s1="create database railway"

cursor.execute(s1)

s1="create table railway(name varchar(100),phno

varchar(15) primary key,age int(4),gender

varchar(50),from_f varchar(100),to_t

varchar(100),date_d varchar(20))"

cursor.execute(s1)

s1="create table user_accounts(fname

varchar(100),lname varchar(100),user_name

varchar(100) ,password varchar(100) primary

key, phno varchar(15),gender

varchar(50),dob varchar(50),age

varchar(4))"

cursor.execute(s1)
11
FILE NAME : MAIN

def menu():
print('1.YES')
print('2.NO')
ch=int(input('DO YOU WANT TO CONTINUE OR NOT:'))
while ch==1:
print('WELCOME TO ONLINE RAILWAY RESERVATION
SYSTEM’)
print('1.SIGN IN')
print('2.SIGN UP')
print('3.DELETE ACCOUNT')
print('4.EXIT')
ch1=int(input('ENTER YOUR CHOICE:'))
if ch1==1:
a=checking()
if a==True:
print('WELCOME')
main()
else:
continue
elif ch1==2:
a=checking_1()
if a==True:
main()
else:
print('PASSWORD ALREADY EXISTS')
continue
elif ch1==3:

12
 c=checking_2()
if c==True:
print('ACCOUNT DELETED’)
continue
else:
print('YOUR PASSWAORD OR USER_NAME IS INCORRECT')
continue
elif ch1==4:
print('THANK YOU')
break
else:
print('ERROR 404:PAGE NOT FOUND')
break

def main():
print('1.yes')
print('2.no')
c=int(input("do you want to continue or not:")
while (c==1):
print(' 1.TICKET BOOKING',"\n", '2.TICKET
CHECKING',"\n",'3.TICKET,
CANCELLING'"\n",'4.ACCOUNT
DETAILS',"\n",'5.LOG OUT')
ch=int(input('enter ur choice:'))
if ch==1:
ticket_booking()
elif ch==2:
ticket_checking()
elif ch==3:
ticket_cancelling()
13
 elif ch==4:
checking_3()
elif ch==5:
print('THANK YOU')
break
else:
print('ERROR 404: ERROR PAGE NOT FOUND')

def ticket_booking():
import mysql.connector
Mycon=mysql.connector.connect (host='localhost',
User='root', passwd='manager',
database='railway')
Cursor=mycon.cursor ()
mycon.autocommit=True
nm=input('enter your name:')
phno=input('enter your phone number:')
age=int(input('enter your age:'))
print(' M=MALE','\n','F=FEMALE','\n','N=NOT TO
MENTION')
gender=input('enter your gender:')
Gender=gender.upper()
fr=input('enter ur starting point:')
to=input('enter your destination:')
date1=input('enter date(dd):')
date2=input('enter month(mm):')
date3=input('enter year(yyyy):')
date=date1+"/"+date2+"/"+date3
a={'M':'MALE','F':'FEMALE','N':'NOT TO MENTION'}
14
 v=a[Gender]
s1="insert into railway values
('{}',{},{},'{}','{}','{}','{}')".format(nm,phno,age,v,fr,to,date)

cursor.execute(s1)
print('BOOKED SUCCESSFULLY')

def ticket_cancelling():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='manager',database
='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor()
mycon.autocommit=True
print('1.yes')
print('2.no')
ch=int(input("do you want to continue or not:"))
if ch==1:
phno=input('enter your phone number:')
s1="delete from railway where phno=phno"
cursor.execute(s1)
print('TICKET CANCELLED')
elif ch==2:
print('THANK YOU')
else:
print('ERROR 404:PAGE NOT FOUND')

15
def checking_2():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='manager',database
='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor()
mycon.autocommit=True
a=input('USER NAME:')
b=input('PASS WORD:')
try:
s1="select user_name from user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
if data[0]==a:
print(' IS THIS YOUR ACCOUNT')
s1="select user_name from user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
c1="select fname,lname from user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(c1)
data1=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data1=list(data1)
data1=data1[0]+' '+data1[1]
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
if data[0]==a:
x=['FIRST NAME','LAST NAME','PHONE NUMBER','GENDER','DATE OF
BIRTH','AGE']
s1="select fname,lname,phno,gender,dob,age from user_accounts where
password='{}'".format(b)
16
 cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
print(x[0],':::',data[0])
print(x[1],':::',data[1])
print(x[2],':::',data[2])
print(x[3],':::',data[3])
print(x[4],':::',data[4])
print(x[5],':::',data[5])
print(' 1.yes')
print(' 2.no')
vi=int(input('enter your choice:'))
if vi==1:
b1="delete from user_accounts where password = '{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(b1)
return True
elif vi==2:
print('SORRY,RETRY')
else:
print('ERROR 404:PAGE NOT FOUND')
else:
return False
except:
print('ACCOUNT DOES NOT EXIST')

def checking():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='manager',database
17
='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor()
mycon.autocommit=True
a=input('USER NAME:')
b=input('PASS WORD:')
try:
s1="select user_name from user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
c1="select fname,lname from user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(c1)
data1=cursor.fetchall()[0]

data1=list(data1)
data1=data1[0]+' '+data1[1]
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)[0]
if data==a:
print(' HII ',data1)
return True
else:
return False
except:
print('ACCOUNT DOES NOT EXIST')
menu()

18
 OUTPUT

CHOICE WINDOW

IF CHOICE IS 1(LOGIN WINDOW)

19
IF CHOICE IS 2 (SIGN UP WINDOW)

20
IF CHOICE IS 3(DELETE ACCOUNT)

IF CHOICE IS 4(EXIT)

21
IF CHOICE IS 5 OR MORE

IF CHOICE IS 1(TICKET BOOKING)

22
IF CHOICE IS 2(TICKET CHECKING)

23
IF CHOICE IS 3(TICKET CANCELLING)

IF CHOICE IS 4(ACCOUNT DETAILS)

24
 SOFTWARE TESTING

Software Testing is an empirical investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with

information about the quality of the product or service under test[1] , with respect to the context
in which it is intended to operate. Software Testing also provides an objective, independent
view of the software to allow the business to appreciate and understand the risks at
implementation of the software. Test techniques include, but are not limited to, the process of
executing a program or application with the intent of finding software bugs.
It can also be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a software
program/application/product meets the business and technical requirements that guided its
design and development, so that it works as expected and can be implemented with the same
characteristics. Software Testing, depending on the testing method employed, can be
implemented at any time in the development process, however the most test effort is employed
after the requirements have been defined and coding process has been completed.

TESTING METHODS
Software testing methods are traditionally divided into black box testing and white box
testing. These two approaches are used to describe the point of view that a test engineer takes
when designing test cases.

BLACK BOX TESTING

Black box testing treats the software as a "black box," without any knowledge of internal
implementation. Black box testing methods include: equivalence partitioning, boundary value
analysis, all-pairs testing, fuzz testing, model-based testing, traceability matrix, exploratory
testing and specification-based testing.

25
SPECIFICATION-BASED TESTING

Specification-based testing aims to test the functionality of software according to the

applicable requirements.[16] Thus, the tester inputs data into, and only sees the output from, the
test object. This level of testing usually requires thorough test cases to be provided to the tester,
who then can simply verify that for a given input, the output value (or behaviour), either "is" or
"is not" the same as the expected value specified in the test case. Specification-based testing is
necessary, but it is insufficient to guard against certain risks

WHITE BOX TESTING

White box testing, by contrast to black box testing, is when the tester has access to the
internal data structures and algorithms (and the code that implement these)

CODE COMPLETENESS EVALUATION

White box testing methods can also be used to evaluate the completeness of a test suite
that was created with black box testing methods. This allows the software team to examine
parts of a system that are rarely tested and ensures that the most important function points have
been tested.

Two common forms of code coverage are:

• Function Coverage: Which reports on functions executed and
• Statement Coverage: Which reports on the number of lines executed to complete
the test.
They both return coverage metric, measured as a percentage

26
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Computer science With Python - Class XII, By : Sumita Arora

• A Project Report On RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM.
By : YESHWANTH.K
• Website: https://www.w3resource.com
***

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