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CLIMATE CHANGE HANDOUT

The document discusses climate change, its causes, effects, and potential solutions, emphasizing the role of human activities in increasing greenhouse gas emissions. It outlines the scientific consensus on future global warming, predicting a rise in surface temperatures and various environmental impacts. The document also highlights international efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including treaties and conventions aimed at mitigating climate change.

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shairabardaje101
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2 views

CLIMATE CHANGE HANDOUT

The document discusses climate change, its causes, effects, and potential solutions, emphasizing the role of human activities in increasing greenhouse gas emissions. It outlines the scientific consensus on future global warming, predicting a rise in surface temperatures and various environmental impacts. The document also highlights international efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including treaties and conventions aimed at mitigating climate change.

Uploaded by

shairabardaje101
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of the Philippines

COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION


SAMAR COLLEGES, INC.
Catbalogan City, Samar
Tel.Nos. (055) 251-3021, 543-881, Fax (055)
251-3021

I. Subject Code : 20043


II. Course Descriptive Title : Science, Technology and
Society
III. Academic Term and Year : 2 Semester A.Y. 2023-2024
IV. Topic : Climate Change
V. Discussant/Presenter : Dasig, Christine Joy O.

Climate Change
 It is a change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that
change lasts for an extended period of time. (i.e., decades to millions of
years).

Effects that scientists had predicted in the past would result from global
climate change are now occurring:
 Global temperature rise
 Shrinking ice sheets or loss of sea ice
 Accelerated sea level rise and longer
 More intense heat waves
 Water acidification and
 Extreme events
One manifestation of climate change is Global warming.
Global warming
 Refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-
surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation.
In common usage the term refers to recent warming and implies a
human influence. Most observed increase in globally averaged
temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the
observed increase in greenhouse gas concentrations.
What causes Climate Change?
Human activities like mining, wrong practices in agriculture, illegal
logging, burning of fossil fuel, deforestation, too much car emits carbon
monoxide and carbon dioxide and producing industrial waste are believe to be
the sources of Greenhouse Gasses (GHG) that in the long run cause the climate
change.

Greenhouse Gases and effect


➤ Small amounts of heat trapping gases such as water vapor (H₂O), carbon
dioxide (CO), ozone (O), methane CH4, nitrous oxide (N₂O) and
chlorofluorocarbon (CFCs) play a key role in determining the earth's average
temperature and thus its climates.

➤ Together, these gases are known as greenhouse gases. They allow light,
infrared radiation, and some ultraviolet radiation from the sun to pass through
the troposphere. The earth's surface then absorbs much of this solar energy
and degrade it to longer wave infrared radiation (that is heat), which then rises

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into the troposphere, some of this heat escapes into space, some is absorbed
by molecules of greenhouse gases, warming the air. This natural trapping of
heat in the troposphere is called greenhouse effect.

➤ The greenhouse effect first proposed by Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius in


1896, has been confirmed by numerous laboratory experiments and
atmospheric measurements.

➤ Significance: the earth would be a cold and lifeless planet with an average
surface temperature of -18°C.

➤ Measured atmospheric levels of certain greenhouse gases - CO₂, CFCs,


methane, and nitrous oxide - have risen substantially in recent decades -
caused by human activities: burning fossil, fuels, agriculture, deforestation, and
use of CFCs.

Carbon Dioxide Concentration


• Carbon Dioxide is responsible50%-60% of the global warming from GHG
produced by human activities since pre-industrial times.
• The main source of fossil fuel burning: coal, oil, and natural gas (75%)
and land clearing and burning (25%).
• Carbon Dioxide is nevertheless the main driver of greenhouse effect.

Chlorofluorocarbon

• Contributes to global warming in the troposphere and depletes ozone in


the stratosphere.

• The main source are leaking AC and refrigerators, evaporation of


industrial solvents.

Methane Concentration

 Produced by anaerobic bacteria. It breaks down organic matter in moist


places that lack oxygen. (i.e., swamps, rice paddies, landfills, intestinal
tract of cattle, sheep and termites.)

Nitrous Oxide Concentration

 Contributes to global warming in the troposphere and depletes ozone in


the stratosphere.

 It is released from nylon production, burning of biomass and nitrogen


fertilizers in soil, livestock waste.

What is the scientific consensus about future global warming and its
effects?

Rise of surface temperature 1-3.5C between 1990-2100according to IPCC


(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). The northern hemisphere
should warm more faster than the southern hemisphere because the latter
has more heat absorbing ocean than the land and because water cools more
slowly than land.

Some possible effects of a warmed world

A warmer global climate could have a number of possible effects

 Changes in food production, reduce water supplies


 Change in the makeup and location of many world's forests.

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 Can cause massive wild fires

 Reduction in biodiversity due to loss of habitat, destroying the coral reefs


>Water in the oceans would expand and lead to rise in sea level.
 Warming at the poles caused ice sheets and glaciers to melt, the global
sea level would rise far more, melting of polar ice caps
 Weather extremes are expected to increase in number and severity
 Poses threats to human health, affects the respiratory tract increasing air
pollution in winter months
 Drought
 Lead to a growing number of environment refugees. Causing social
disorder and political instability.

How can we lower down the possible outcome of global warming?

 Get involved cut fossil fuel use in half


 improve energy efficiency; switch off light when not in use
 shift to renewable energy resources
 reduce deforestation
 use sustainable agriculture
 slow population growth
 remove carbon dioxide from smoke stack and vehicle emissions
 plant and tend trees; green your community
 trim production of industrial waste; encourage practices of 3R's
 Full implementation of laws concerning conservation of the environment
and the planet Earth.

What has been done to reduce greenhouse gas emission?

 1992 Earth Summit (Rio de Janeiro), 106 nations approved a Convention


on Climate Change, in which developed countries committed themselves
to reducing their emission of Carbon dioxide and other GHG.
 December 1997, 160 representatives met in Kyoto, Japan to negotiate a
new treaty to help slow down global warming. The resulting treaty would
require countries to cut GHG emissions by average of 2% below 1990
levels between 2008-2012

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