Class X

(CBSE 2019)
Mathematics
All India (Set-2)

General Instructions:

(i) All questions are compulsory.

(ii) The question paper consists of 30 questions divided into four sections – A, B, C and D.

(iii) Section A comprises 6 questions of 1 mark each. Section B contains 6 questions of 2 marks
each. Section C contains 10 questions of 3 marks each. Section D contains 8 questions of 4
marks each.

(iv) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in two questions
of 1 mark, two questions of 2 marks, four questions of 3 marks each and three questions
of 4 marks each. You have to attempt only one of the alternative in all such questions.

(v) Use of calculators is not permitted.

Question 1
Two concentric circles of radii a and b (a > b) are given. Find the length of the chord of
the larger circle which touches the smaller circle.
SOLUTION:

Let the two concentric circles be centred at point O.

Also, a > b where a is radius of larger circle and b is radius of smaller circle.
And let PQ be the chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle at point A.
Therefore, PQ is tangent to the smaller circle.

OA ⊥ PQ (As OA is the radius of the circle)

Applying Pythagoras theorem in ΔOAP, we obtain

OA2 + AP2 = OP2

Question 2

In Figure 1, PS = 3 cm, QS = 4 cm, ∠PRQ = θ, ∠PSQ = 90°, PQ ⊥ RQ and RQ = 9 cm.

Evaluate tan θ.
OR
Therefore, after 4 place of decimal the decimal form of given number will terminate.
 OR

429 = 3 × 11 × 13
where 3, 11 and 13 are prime numbers.

Question 6
Find the positive value of m for which the distance between the points A(5, −3) and
B(13, m) is 10 units.

SOLUTION:

Question 7
A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting (i) a composite number, (ii) a prime
number.
SOLUTION:
Total outcomes of throwing a dice once are 1,2 3,4,5 and 6
(1) Probability of getting a composite number
Composite numbers are those that are formed by multiplying two smaller numbers
So, there are two composite numbers in throwing a dice once which is 4 and 6.
2 1
probability of getting a composite number = 6 = 3

(2) Probability of getting a prime number

Prime numbers are 2, 3 and 5 in throwing a die once
3 1
Probability of getting a prime number = 6 = 2

Question 8
Cards numbered 7 to 40 were put in a box. Poonam selects a card at random. What is
the probability that Poonam selects a card which is a multiple of 7 ?

SOLUTION:
There are total 34 cards numbered from 7 to 40.
Numbers multiple of 7 are 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35.
total number of favourable outcomes = 5
Let E be the event that Poonam selects a card which is multiple of 7.

Number of cards which are multiple of 7

P(E)=
Total number of cards

5
⇒ P(E)=
34

Question 9
Points A(3, 1), B(5, 1), C(a, b) and D(4, 3) are vertices of a parallelogram ABCD. Find
the values of a and b.

OR

Points P and Q trisect the line segment joining the points A(−2, 0) and B(0, 8) such that
P is near to A. Find the coordinates of points P and Q.

SOLUTION:
The given points of the parallelogram are A(3, 1), B(5, 1), C(a, b) and D(4, 3).
We know that the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. So, O is the mid point
of AC and DB.
So,
P and Q trisect line joining the points A and B.
Let the coordinates of P and Q be (a, b) and (c, d) respectively.
P is the mid point of AQ.
Question 11
If HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form 65n − 117, then find the value of n.

OR

On a morning walk, three persons step out together and their steps measure 30 cm, 36
cm and 40 cm respectively. What is the minimum distance each should walk so that
each can cover the same distance in complete steps ?

SOLUTION:
The given numbers are 65 and 117 where 117 > 65.
Applying Euclid's division lemma,

GIVEN: In a morning walk, three persons step off together. Their steps measure 30 cm,
36 cm and 40 cm.
The distance covered by each of them is required to be same as well as minimum. The
required distance each should walk would be the L.C.M of the measures of their steps
i.e. 30 cm, 36 cm, and 40 cm,

So, we have to find the L.C.M of 30 cm, 36 cm and 40 cm.

30 = 3 × 5 × 2
36 = 3 × 2 × 3 × 2
40 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 2

LCM of 30, 36 and 40 will be 360.

Hence minimum 360 cm distance each should walk so that all can cover the same
distance in complete steps.

Question 12
In the quadratic equation kx2 − 6x − 1 = 0, determine the values of k for which the
equation does not have any real root.

SOLUTION:
Question 14
In Figure 2, PQ is a chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. The tangents at P
and Q intersect at a point T. Find the length TP.

OR
Prove that opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend
supplementary angles at the centre of the circle.

SOLUTION:

PT = TQ (Tangents drawn from a common point to the circle are equal)

So, ΔTPQ is isosceles with PT = TQ and TO is thus the angle bisector of ∠PTQ.
So, OT ⊥ PQ and thus, OT bisects PQ. (Perpendicular drawn from the
centre of the circle to the chord bisects the chord)
Thus, PR = RQ = 4 cm
Also, in ΔOPR,
Let ABCD be a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle centred at O such that it touches the
circle at point P, Q, R, S. Let us join the vertices of the quadrilateral ABCD to the center
of the circle.

Consider ΔOAP and ΔOAS,

AP = AS (Tangents from the same point)

OP = OS (Radii of the same circle)

OA = OA (Common side)

ΔOAP ≅ ΔOAS (SSS congruence criterion)

Therefore, A ↔ A, P ↔ S, O ↔ O

And thus, ∠POA = ∠AOS

∠1 = ∠8

Similarly,

∠2 = ∠3

∠4 = ∠5
∠6 = ∠7
∠1 + ∠2 + ∠3 + ∠4 + ∠5 + ∠6 + ∠7 + ∠8 = 360º
(∠1 + ∠8) + (∠2 + ∠3) + (∠4 + ∠5) + (∠6 + ∠7) = 360º
2∠1 + 2∠2 + 2∠5 + 2∠6 = 360º
2(∠1 + ∠2) + 2(∠5 + ∠6) = 360º
(∠1 + ∠2) + (∠5 + ∠6) = 180º
∠AOB + ∠COD = 180º

Similarly, we can prove that ∠BOC + ∠DOA = 180º

Hence, opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary

angles at the centre of the circle.

Question 15
A class teacher has the following absentee record of 40 students of a class for the
whole term. Find the mean number of days a student was absent.

Number of days: 0-6 6-12 12-18 18-24 24-30 30-36 36-42

Number of
10 11 7 4 4 3 1
students:

SOLUTION:
We will do it by direct method

Question 16
A car has two wipers which do not overlap. Each wiper has a blade of length 21 cm
sweeping through an angle 120°. Find the total area cleaned at each sweep of the
22
blades. (Take π = )
7

SOLUTION:

Question 17
The perpendicular from A on side BC of a Δ ABC meets BC at D such that DB = 3CD.
Prove that 2AB2 = 2AC2 + BC2.

OR

AD and PM are medians of triangles ABC and PQR respectively where Δ ABC ∼ Δ
AB AD
PQR. Prove that = .
PQ PM
SOLUTION:

Applying Pythagoras theorem for ΔACD, we obtain

Applying Pythagoras theorem in ΔABD, we obtain

OR

It is given that ΔABC ∼ ΔPQR

We know that the corresponding sides of similar triangles are in proportion.

∴ ..... (1)

Also, ∠A = ∠P, ∠B = ∠Q, ∠C = ∠R .....(2)

Since AD and PM are medians, they will divide their opposite sides.
∴ … (3)
From equations (1) and (3), we obtain

… (4)

In ΔABD and ΔPQM,

∠B = ∠Q [Using equation (2)]

[Using equation (4)]

∴ ΔABD ∼ ΔPQM (By SAS similarity criterion)

Question 19
Prove that √3 is an irrational number.
OR
Find the largest number which on dividing 1251, 9377 and 15628 leaves remainders 1,
2 and 3 respectively.

SOLUTION:
Let √3 is rational.
𝑝
∴√3= 𝑞 where p and q are co-prime integers and q ≠ 0.

⇒ √3q = p

⇒ 3q2 = p2 .....(1)

⇒ 3 divides p2

⇒ 3 divides p .....(A)

Let p = 3c where c is an integer

⇒ p2 = 9c2

⇒ 3q2 = 9c2 [from (1)]

⇒ q2 = 3c2

⇒ 3 divides q2

⇒ 3 divides q .....(B)

From statements (A) and (B), 3 divides p and q both that means p and q are not co-
prime which contradicts our assumption.
So, our assumption is wrong.
Hence √3 is irrational.

OR

It is given that 1, 2 and 3 are the remainders of 1251, 9377 and 15628, respectively.
Subtracting these remainders from the respective numbers, we get
1251 − 1 = 1250
9377 − 2 = 9375
15628 − 3 = 15625
Now, 1250, 9375 and 15625 are divisible by the required number.
Required number = HCF of 1250, 9375 and 15625
Since remainder is zero, therefore, HCF(1250, 9375 and 15625) = 625
Hence, 625 is the largest number which divides 1251, 9377 and 15628 leaving
remainder 1, 2 and 3, respectively.

Question 20
Find the area of the triangle ABC with the coordinates of A as (1, −4) and the
coordinates of the mid-points of sides AB and AC respectively are (2, −1) and (0, −1).

SOLUTION:

Let D is mid-point of AB and E is midpoint of AC.

Coordinates of A (1, −4)
Now, using coordinates A (1,−4), B(3,2 ) and C(−1,2) in the formula of area of triangle
which is:

Question 21
Two numbers are in the ratio of 5 : 6. If 7 is subtracted from each of the numbers, the
ratio becomes 4 : 5. Find the numbers.

SOLUTION:
Let the two numbers be x and y.
We have been given the ratio of two numbers 5:6
Question 22
Water is flowing at the rate of 2.52 km/h through a cylindrical pipe into a cylindrical tank,
the radius of whose base is 40 cm. If the increase in the level of water in the tank, in half
an hour is 3.15 m, find the internal diameter of the pipe.

SOLUTION:
Let the internal diameter of pipe be x m
water flows in 1hour = 2.52 km
Question 23

In Figure 3, a decorative block is shown which is made of two solids, a cube and a
hemisphere. The base of the block is a cube with edge 6 cm and the hemisphere fixed
on the top has a diameter of 4⋅2 cm. Find

(a) the total surface area of the block.

(b) the volume of the block formed. (Take π = 7 )
22

OR

A bucket open at the top is in the form of a frustum of a cone with a capacity of 12308.8
cm3. The radii of the top and bottom circular ends are 20 cm and 12 cm respectively.
Find the height of the bucket and the area of metal sheet used in making the bucket.
(Use π = 3.14)

SOLUTION:
(a) We need to find the total surface area of the block
Block excludes the base area of hemisphere
Surface area of block
= total surface area of cube + curved surface area of hemisphere −
base area of hemisphere
Total surface area of cube = 6a2; a is side of cube
Total surface area of cube = 6 × 62 = 216
Base area of hemisphere = πr2; base being circular in shape
Area of metal sheet used in making the bucket = Curved surface area of the bucket +
area of the base of the bucket

Question 24
If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in
distinct points, prove that the other two sides are divided in the same ratio

OR

Prove that in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the
squares of the other two sides.

SOLUTION:
Let ABC be a triangle in which a line DE is parallel to BC. It intersects the sides AB and
AC at D and E respectively.

It has to be proved that,

Let us join BE and CD and draw perpendiculars DM and EN on AC and AB respectively.

ΔBDE and ΔDEC are on the same base and between the same parallels.

∴ ar (ΔBDE) = ar (ΔDEC)

From (1) and (2), we obtain

OR

To prove: In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of
squares of the other two sides of the triangle.

Proof: Let PQR be a triangle, right-angled at P.

Draw
Now, we know that if a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a
right triangle to the hypotenuse, then the triangles on the both sides of the perpendicular
are similar to the whole triangle and to each other.

∴ΔQSP ∼ ΔQPR

Therefore, (Since the sides of similar triangles are proportional)

⇒ QS. QR = QP2 … (1)

Also, we have

ΔPSR ∼ ΔQPR

Therefore, (Since the sides of similar triangles are proportional)

⇒ RS.RQ = RP2 … (2)

Adding equations (1) and (2), we obtain

QS.QR + RS.RQ = RP2 + QP2

⇒ QR.(QS + RS) = RP2 + QP2

⇒ QR.QR = RP2 + QP2

⇒ QR2 = RP2 + QP2

Thus, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of squares of the other two
sides of the triangle.

Question 25
Change the following distribution to a 'more than type' distribution. Hence draw the
'more than type' ogive for this distribution.
Class interval : 20−30 30−40 40−50 50−60 60−70 70−80 80−90
Frequency : 10 8 12 24 6 25 15
SOLUTION:

Class interval Cumulative Frequency

More than 20 100
More than 30 90
More than 40 82
More than 50 70
More than 60 46
More than 70 40
More than 80 15

Question 26
The shadow of a tower standing on a level ground is found to be 40 m longer when the
Sun's altitude is 30° than when it was 60°. Find the height of the tower.
(Given √3=1⋅732)

SOLUTION:
Let AB is the tower and BD is the length of the shadow when sun's altitude is 60 °°.
Let, AB be x m and BD be y m.

Question 27
If m times the mth term of an Arithmetic Progression is equal to n times its nth term
and m ≠ n, show that the (m + n)th term of the A.P. is zero.

OR
The sum of the first three numbers in an Arithmetic Progression is 18. If the product of
the first and the third term is 5 times the common difference, find the three numbers.

SOLUTION:
Let a be the first term and d is the common difference of an A.P

OR

Let the first three terms be a-d, a, a+d

We have been given that the sum of first three terms of an A.P is 18
Equation becomes
a −d + a + a + d = 18
3 a = 18
⇒a=6
Also, we have given the product of first and third term is 5 times the common difference
Question 28
A shopkeeper buys a number of books for ₹ 80. If he had bought 4 more books for the
same amount, each book would have cost ₹ 1 less. How many books did he buy?

SOLUTION:

Let the number of books purchased by the shopkeeper be x.

Cost price of x books = Rs 80

If the shopkeeper had purchased 4 more books, then the number of books purchased
by him would be (x + 4).

Given, Original cost price of one book − New cost price of one book = Rs 1
Thus, the number of books purchased by the shopkeeper is 16.

Question 29
Construct a pair of tangents to a circle of radius 4 cm from a point which is at a distance
of 6 cm from its centre.

SOLUTION:

Step of construction

Step: I- First of all we draw a circle of radius AB = 4 cm.

Step: II- Mark a point P from the centre at a distance of 6 cm from the point O.

Step: III -Draw a right bisector of OP, intersecting OP at Q.

Step: IV- Taking Q as centre and radius OQ = PQ, draw a circle to intersect the given circle
at T and T’.

Step: V- Join PT and PT’ to obtain the required tangents.

Thus, PT and PT' are the required tangents.