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Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2000 with

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Rick Dobson

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Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2000 with Microsoft
Visual Basic NET 1st edition Edition Rick Dobson Digital
Instant Download
Author(s): Rick Dobson, Paul Cornell
ISBN(s): 9780735615359, 0735615357
Edition: 1st edition
File Details: PDF, 10.60 MB
Year: 2002
Language: english
Program m ing Microsoft ® SQL Server™ 2000 wit h Micr osoft Visual
Basic® .NET

Foreword

Acknow ledgm ent s

I nt roduct ion
Who’s t he Book For?
What ’s Special About This Book?
How’s t he Book Organized?
Syst em Requirem ent s
Sam ple Files
Support

1. Get t ing St art ed w it h Visual Basic .NET for SQL Serv er 2000
Visual St udio .NET, t he Visual Basic .NET I DE
An Overv iew of ADO.NET Capabilit ies
A St art er ADO.NET Sam ple
Using Query Analyzer

2. Tables and Dat a Types

Chapt er Resources
Dat a Types for Tables
Scr ipt ing Tables

3. Pr ogram m ing Dat a Access wit h T- SQL

I nt r oduct ion t o Dat a Access wit h T- SQL
Aggregat ing and Grouping Rows
Processing Dat es
Joins and Subquer ies

4. Pr ogram m ing Views and St ored Procedures

I nt r oduct ion t o Views
Creat ing and Using Views
Views for Rem ot e and Het erogeneous Sources
I nt r oduct ion t o St ored Procedur es
Creat ing and Using St or ed Procedures
Processing St or ed Procedur e Out put s
I nsert ing, Updat ing, and Delet ing Rows
Program m ing Condit ional Result Set s

5. Pr ogram m ing User - Defined Funct ions and Tr iggers

I nt r oduct ion t o User - Defined Funct ions
Creat ing and I nv ok ing Scalar UDFs
Creat ing and I nv ok ing Table- Valued UDFs
I nt r oduct ion t o Tr iggers
Creat ing and Managing Tr iggers

6. SQL Serv er 2000 XML Funct ionalit y

Overv iew of XML Support
XML Form at s and Schem as
URL Access t o SQL Serv er
Tem plat e Access t o SQL Server

7. SQL Serv er 2000 Secur it y

 Overv iew of SQL Serv er Secur it y
I nt r oduct ion t o Special Securit y I ssues
Sam ples for Logins and Users
Sam ples for Assigning Perm issions

8. Overv iew of t he .NET Fram ework

An I nt r oduct ion t o t he .NET Fram ework
An Overv iew of ASP.NET
XML Web Ser v ices

9. Cr eat ing Windows Applicat ions

Get t ing St art ed w it h Windows For m s
Creat ing and Using Class References
I nher it ing Classes
Program m ing Event s
Except ion Handling for Run- Tim e Err ors

10. Progr am m ing Windows Solut ions w it h ADO. NET

An Overv iew of ADO.NET Obj ect s
Making Connect ions
Wor k ing w it h Com m and and Dat aReader Obj ect s
Dat aAdapt ers , Dat a Set s, Form s, and Form Cont rols
Modify ing, I nsert ing, and Delet ing Rows

11. Progr am m ing ASP.NET Solut ions

Rev iew of ASP.NET Design I ssues
Creat ing and Running ASP.NET Solut ions
Session St at e Managem ent
Dat a on Web Pages
Validat ing t he Dat a on a Web Page

12. Managing XML wit h Visual Basic .NET

SQL Ser ver Web Releases
Overv iew of XML Technologies
Generat ing XML Docum ent s wit h t he .NET Fram ework
Dy nam ically Set t ing an XML Result Set
The I nt erplay Bet w een XML and Dat a Set s
Creat ing HTML Pages wit h XSLT

13. Cr eat ing Solut ions wit h XML Web Ser v ices
Overv iew of Web ser v ices
A Web Serv ice t o Ret ur n a Com put ed Result
A Web Serv ice t o Ret ur n Values from Tables
The SQL Ser ver 2000 Web Ser v ices Toolk it
Mor e on Populat ing Cont rols wit h Web Ser vices

About t he Aut hor

For e w or d
During m y five years at Micr osoft , I ’v e been helping developers underst and
t echnologies such as Microsoft Visual St udio, Microsoft SQL Ser ver, and Micr osoft
Office Developer. Dur ing t he past t wo years, I hav e w orked on t he Microsoft
Office XP Visual Basic Language Refer ence, and now, t he MSDN Office Dev eloper
Cent er. I n t he m ont hly colum n on MSDN, Office Talk, I have wr it t en art icles t o
help Office developers underst and t he .NET plat for m and how it affect s t heir
curr ent and fut ure developm ent effort s.
As I wr it e t his for ew ord t o Rick Dobson’s book on program m ing Microsoft SQL
Ser ver solut ions wit h Microsoft Visual Basic .NET, I t hink back t o m y own
experiences dev eloping soft war e applicat ions w it h Visual Basic. My first
experience wit h Visual Basic was lear ning t he language using v ersion 3.0. I
rem em ber pick ing up m y first Visual Basic beginner’s book and being excit ed as I
dev eloped m y first few “ Hello, Wor ld” applicat ions. I couldn’t believ e how quick
and easy it was t o dev elop soft ware applicat ions t hat operat ed sim ilar ly t o ot her
popular sharewar e program s of t hat t im e.
Howev er, dur ing t hat t im e I also discov er ed som e of t he short com ings of Visual
Basic as an ent erpr ise- lev el developm ent language. I t was t hen t hat I t ur ned m y
at t ent ion t o C+ + . I r em em ber being v ery frust rat ed at t r y ing t o lear n t he
language, t ry ing t o underst and concept s such as point ers, m em ory allocat ion,
and t rue obj ect - or ient ed program m ing. I t ook classes on C+ + at t he local
universit y , but I got even m or e fr ust rat ed hav ing t o wait m ont hs unt il I was
t aught how t o cr eat e t he sim plest Micr osoft Windows form , som et hing I did in
j ust a couple of m inut es using Visual Basic. I n m y frust rat ion, I gave up t ry ing t o
lear n C+ + and hav e been using Visual Basic t o dev elop soft ware applicat ions ever
since.
As each new v ersion of Visual Basic was r eleased, I readied m yself t o learn new
soft war e developm ent t echnologies. First it was Act iveX cont rol developm ent .
Then it was calling t he Windows API . Next it was DHTML Applicat ions. Then it was
dat abase dev elopm ent using Micr osoft SQL Ser ver. I t alw ays seem ed as t hough I
had t o lear n a new language and a new developm ent paradigm for ev er y new
t echnology t hat cam e along. I kept t hink ing t hat t her e had t o be an easier and
m or e unified appr oach.
Well, now w e’ve r eached t he adv ent of t he Micr osoft .NET plat form , and wit h it , a
revolut ion in t he Visual Basic language, Microsoft Visual Basic .NET. I believ e t hat
Visual Basic .NET will pr ov ide soft ware dev elopers wit h new opport unit ies for
quickly and easily designing int egrat ed soft war e applicat ions t hat connect
businesses and indiv iduals anyt im e, anyw her e, and on v irt ually any soft ware
dev ice. Wit h advances in t he Visual Basic .NET language, Visual Basic . NET
dev elopers will finally be on a par w it h t heir C+ + and C# count erpart s,
part icipat ing in m any high- end dev elopm ent pr oj ect s. Wit h Visual St udio .NET
feat ur es such as cross- language debugging, along w it h Visual Basic .NET
conform ance t o t he com m on t ype syst em and t he com m on language r unt im e,
organizat ions can drive down t heir developm ent cost s by t apping int o t he w ide
range of sk ills t hat Visual Basic .NET dev eloper s now possess.
Tr ue obj ect - orient ed pr ogram m ing is now available in Visual Basic .NET, including
feat ur es such as inher it ance and m et hod ov er loading. I t ’s now sim pler t o call t he
Windows API by using t he .NET Fram ew or k Class Libraries. Web applicat ion
dev elopm ent is now as easy as dev eloping Windows form s–based applicat ions.
Dat abase applicat ion developm ent is m ade easier by unit ing disparat e dat a obj ect
libraries such as DAO, RDO, OLE DB, and ADO under ADO. NET, ut ilizing t he
power of XML t o consum e and t ransm it r elat ional dat a ov er com put er net w orks.
And a new t echnology, XML Web serv ices, allows Visual Basic .NET developers t o
host t heir soft ware applicat ions’ logic ov er t he Web. Addit ionally , a big issue for
soft war e developers t oday is t hat of soft war e applicat ion deploym ent and
versioning. I f y ou don’t agree, j ust ask any soft ware dev eloper about “ DLL hell,”
and y ou’re bound t o get an earful. For m any .NET applicat ions, t he .NET plat form
feat ur es “ copy and past e” or XCOPY deploym ent . ( Users sim ply copy y our
applicat ion files from t he source m edia t o any single direct ory and r un t he
applicat ion. ) And because .NET no longer r elies on t he r egist ry , virt ually all DLL
com pat ibilit y issues go away.
Wit h t his book, Rick aim s t o give you t he sk ills y ou need t o pr ogram SQL Serv er
solut ions wit h Visual Basic .NET. I k now y ou w ill find Rick’s book helpful. Rick
brings his exper ience t o bear from t hree prev ious books: Pr ogram m ing Micr osoft
Access Version 2002 ( Microsoft Press, 2001) , Pr ogram m ing Micr osoft Access 2000
( Micr osoft Press, 1999) , and Pr ofessional SQL Serv er Developm ent wit h Access
2000 ( Wr ox Pr ess I nc., 2000) . Rick also br ings his exper ience of leading a
successful nat ionwide sem inar t our. Mor e im port ant , I know y ou w ill enj oy Rick ’s
book because of his deep int erest in Visual Basic .NET and SQL Ser ver, and in
helping y ou, t he pr ofessional dev eloper, underst and and apply t hese t echnologies
in y our daily soft ware applicat ion dev elopm ent proj ect s.
Paul Cornell MSDN Office Dev eloper Cent er
ht t p: / / m sdn.m icr osoft .com / officeMicrosoft Corporat ion February 2002
Ack now le dgm e nt s
This sect ion offers m e a chance t o say t hank you t o all w ho helped m ak e t his
book possible. I wish t o offer special recognit ion t o five support r esources.
First , t he folks at Microsoft Press have been fant ast ic. Dave Clar k, an acquisit ions
edit or , select ed m e t o w rit e t he book j ust m ont hs aft er I com plet ed anot her book
for Microsoft Press. Dick Br ow n, m y pr oj ect edit or, st aunchly st ood up for his
percept ion of how t o m ake t he book ’s organizat ion and cont ent clear t o y ou
wit hout being pet t y or bor ing t o m e. Dick also light ened m y load subst ant ially by
show ing a real k nack for edit ing m y t ext w it hout dist ort ing t he or iginal int ent .
When Dick was especially busy, he handed off som e of his load t o Jean Ross, who
also did an adm irable j ob. Ot hers at Micr osoft Press who cont r ibut ed t o m y w ell-
being in one way or anot her include Aar on Lavin and Anne Ham ilt on.
Second, I had excellent wor k ing r elat ions wit h sev eral professionals w it hin
Micr osoft . Paul Cor nell, a widely k now n t echnical edit or at Micr osoft , w as kind
enough t o share his insight s on how t o pr esent .NET concept s com pellingly. I
want t o t hank Paul especially for writ ing t he For eword t o t his book. Kart hik
Rav indran serv ed as t he MSXML Bet a Pr oduct Lead Engineer at Microsoft Pr oduct
Support Serv ices dur ing t he t im e t hat I wrot e t his book. He provided valuable
t echnical cont ent about t he SQL Serv er 2000 Web releases. Ot her Microsoft
represent at iv es pr ov iding m oral and t echnical support for t his book include
Richard Waym ir e and Jan Shanahan.
Third, I want t o express m y appreciat ion t o t he m any r eaders, sem inar
at t endees, and sit e v isit ors w ho t ook t he t im e t o t ell m e what I did right or wrong
for t hem , and also t o t hose w ho shared t heir t echnical support quest ions wit h m e.
I t is t hr ough t his k ind of feedback t hat I am able t o k now w hat ’s im port ant t o
pract icing developers. I encourage y ou t o visit m y m ain Web sit e
( ht t p: / / www .pr ogram m ingm saccess.com ) and sign t he guest book. The ent ry
for m includes space for you t o leave your evaluat ion of t his book or y our quest ion
about a t opic cov er ed in t he book . I prom ise t o do m y best t o r eply per sonally. I n
any ev ent , I definit ely r ead all m essages and use t hem so t hat I can serv e y ou
bet t er w it h fut ur e edit ions of t his, and ot her, books.
Fourt h, I want t o t ell t he w orld how grat eful I am t o m y w ife, Virginia. Wit hout
Virginia’s warm support , lov e, and care, t his book w ould be less professional. She
reliev es m e of near ly ev er y r esponsibilit y around t he house w hen I undert ak e a
book proj ect . I n addit ion, she offers st rat egic advice on t he issues t o address and
t heir st yle of cov erage. When I r un out of t im e, she ev en pit ches in w it h t he
proofreading.
Fift h, it is im port ant for m e t o give praise and glory t o m y Lord and Sav ior, Jesus
Chr ist , w ho I believe gave m e t he st rengt h and wisdom t o w r it e t his book. I n
addit ion, He gav e m e healt h dur ing t he long gest at ion per iod t hat result ed in t he
birt h of t his book . I t is m y prayer t hat t he book pr ov e t o be a blessing t o y ou.
I nt r odu ct ion
Any one w ho buys a book —or considers buy ing it —want s t o k now w ho t he book is
for , w hat set s it apart fr om ot hers lik e it , and how t he book is organized. This
int r oduct ion cov ers t hose t hr ee quest ions, and it also discusses syst em
requir em ent s, sam ple files, and support .

• First , w h o is t h e b ook for ? Ther e ar e at least t wo answers t o t his

quest ion. One answ er is t hat t he book t arget s professional dev elopers
( and ot hers aspir ing t o be pr ofessional dev elopers) . The second group t he
book addr esses is t hose who want t o build full- feat ured, secure SQL
Serv er solut ions wit h Visual Basic .NET.
• Se con d, w h a t ’s sp ecia l a bou t t h e b ook ? I hope you com e t o believ e
t hat t he m ost im port ant answer t o t his quest ion is t hat t he book
consider ed qualit y and dept h of coverage m or e im port ant t han r ushing t o
m arket . The book w ill arr iv e on bookshelv es m or e t han t hr ee m ont hs aft er
t he official release of t he . NET Fram ew ork. I t is m y w ish t hat you der iv e
value from t he ext ra t im e t ak en t o develop t he m any code sam ples and
t he in- dept h discussions of advanced t opics, such as class inher it ance,
ASP.NET, and XML Web serv ices.
• Th ird , h ow is t h e b ook org an iz e d? The short answer is t hat t her e ar e
t wo m ain sect ions. One sect ion int roduces SQL Ser ver concept s as it
dem onst rat es T- SQL ( Tr ansact SQL) pr ogram m ing t echniques. Aft er
conv ey ing SQL Ser ver basic building blocks in t he first part , t he second
part rev eals how t o put t hose part s t oget her w it h Visual Basic .NET and
relat ed t echnologies int o SQL Ser ver solut ions for handling com m on
dat abase chores.

The t hr ee support it em s include a br ief descr ipt ion of t he book’s com panion CD
and how t o use it , Micr osoft Pr ess Support I nfor m at ion for t his book, and a
sum m ary of syst em and soft war e requirem ent s for t he sam ple code pr esent ed in
t he book.

W ho’s t h e Book For ?

This book t arget s pr ofessional Visual Basic and Visual Basic for Applicat ions
dev elopers. From m y sem inar t ours and Web sit es
( ht t p: / / www .pr ogram m ingm saccess.com and ht t p: / / www.cabinc.net ) , I know
t hat t hese professionals ar e dr iven by a passion t o deliv er solut ions t o t heir
client s t hrough applying t he m ost innov at iv e t echnologies t heir client s w ill accept .
I n- house dev elopers are t he go- t o persons for get t ing result s fast — part icular ly for
cust om in- house sy st em s and dat abases. I ndependent developers specialize in
serv ing niche sit uat ions t hat can include under - ser ved business needs and w or k
ov erflows. I n bot h cases, t hese pr ofessionals need t raining m at erials t hat addr ess
pract ical business requir em ent s w hile showcasing innov at ive t echnologies wit hout
wast ing t heir t im e. This book st rives t o ser ve t his broad need in t w o specific
areas.
This book is for developers look ing for code sam ples and st ep- by - st ep inst ruct ions
for building SQL Ser ver 2000 solut ions wit h Visual Basic .NET. The book focuses
on t he int egrat ion of SQL Serv er 2000 w it h .NET t echnologies t apped v ia Visual
Basic .NET. I t is m y fir m belief t hat y ou cannot creat e gr eat SQL Ser v er solut ions
in any program m ing language w it hout k nowing SQL Server. Therefore, t his book
goes beyond t radit ional coverage of SQL Serv er for Visual Basic dev elopers. You’ll
lear n T- SQL pr ogram m ing t echniques for dat a access, dat a m anipulat ion, and
dat a definit ion. A whole chapt er equips you t o secur e your SQL Ser ver solut ions.
I n addit ion, t her e’s plent y of cont ent in t his book on Visual Basic .NET and relat ed
t echnologies, such as ADO.NET, ASP.NET, XML ( Ex t ensible Mark up Language) ,
and XML Web serv ices. The present at ion of t hese t echnologies dem onst rat es
coding t echniques and ex plor es concept s t hat equip y ou t o build bet t er solut ions
wit h SQL Ser ver 2000 dat abases. I n addit ion, t he book highlight s innovat ions
int r oduced t hrough t he Web releases for SQL Serv er 2000 t hat int egrat e SQL
Ser ver 2000 t ight ly w it h Visual Basic .NET.
This isn’t a book about XML, but t hr ee of t he book ’s 13 chapt ers focus in w hole or
in part on XML. Therefore, t hose seek ing pract ical dem onst rat ions of how t o use
XML w it h SQL Ser ver and Visual Basic .NET w ill deriv e value fr om t his book . I f
you hav e look ed at any of t he com put er m agazines ov er t he past couple of y ears,
you k now t hat XML is com ing t o a solut ion near you. However, t he rapid pace of
XML innovat ion m ay have dissuaded som e fr om j um ping on t he bandwagon w hile
t hey wait t o see w hat ’s going t o last and what ’s j ust a fad. I n t he book’s t hr ee
chapt ers on XML t echnology, you’ll learn about XML docum ent s, fragm ent s, and
for m at t ing as w ell as r elat ed t echnologies, such as XPat h ( XML Pat h Language)
quer ies, XSLT ( Ext ensible St y lesheet Language Transform at ion) , and WSDL ( Web
Ser vices Descript ion Language) .

W ha t ’s Spe cia l Abou t Th is Book ?

Ther e ar e sev eral feat ur es t hat m ake t his book st and apart from t he flood of
books on .NET. One of t he m ost im port ant of t hese is t hat t his book didn’t rush t o
m ark et but rat her shipped m ont hs aft er t he r elease of t he .NET Fram ew ork . This
allowed m e enough t im e t o filt er, exam ine, and uncov er w hat w er e t he m ost
useful and innovat iv e feat ur es for Visual Basic .NET developers building SQL
Ser ver solut ions. For ex am ple, t he book includes a whole chapt er on creat ing
solut ions wit h XML Web serv ices. That chapt er includes t wo m aj or sect ions on t he
SQL Ser ver 2000 Web Serv ices Toolk it , w hich didn’t ship unt il t he day of t he .NET
Fram ew ork release.
The .NET Fram ew ork cont ent is at a professional lev el, but it isn’t j ust for t echies.
This book doesn’t assum e any pr ior know ledge of t he .NET Fr am ew ork . I t does
assum e t hat you get paid for building solut ions program m at ically and t hat at least
som e of t hose solut ions are for SQL Serv er dat abases. Ther efor e, t he book
explains basic .NET concept s and dem onst rat es how t o achiev e pract ical result s
wit h t hose concept s t hr ough a huge collect ion of .NET code sam ples.
This book is about building solut ions for SQL Ser ver 2000. I include coverage of
t he m any special feat ur es t hat t ie Visual Basic .NET and SQL Serv er 2000 closely
t o one anot her. Alt hough t here is coverage of general .NET dat abase t echniques,
t his book div es deeply int o T- SQL pr ogr am m ing t echniques so t hat y ou can creat e
your own cust om dat abase obj ect s, such as t ables, st or ed pr ocedur es, views,
t riggers, and user - defined funct ions. I n addit ion, t her e is separat e cov erage of
t he XML feat ures released w it h SQL Serv er 2000 as well as separat e coverage of
t he XML feat ures in t he first t hr ee Web releases t hat shipped for SQL Ser ver
2000. There ar e num er ous code sam ples t hroughout t he book. These will equip
you t o build solut ions w it h Visual Basic .NET, T- SQL, and com binat ions of t he t wo.
Finally, t his book is special because of t he unique exper iences of it s aut hor, Rick
Dobson. I have t rained professional dev elopers in Aust ralia, England, Canada,
and t hr oughout t he Unit ed St at es. This is m y fourt h book in four years, and you
can find m y art icles in popular publicat ions and Web sit es, such as SQL Serv er
Magazine and MSDN Online. As a Webm ast er , m y m ain sit e
( ht t p: / / www .pr ogram m ingm saccess.com ) serv es hundr eds of t housands of
sessions t o dev elopers each y ear. I const ant ly ex am ine t heir v iewing habit s at t he
sit e t o det erm ine w hat int erest s t hem . I n addit ion, m y sit e feat ures scores of
answers t o t echnical support quest ions subm it t ed by professional developers. My
goal in offer ing answers t o t hese quest ions is t o st ay in t ouch w it h pract icing
dev elopers wor ldw ide so t hat m y new book s address t he needs of pract icing,
professional dev elopers.

H ow ’s t h e Book Or ga n ized?
Ther e ar e t wo m ain part s t o t his book t ied t oget her by an int roduct ory part . Part
I I , t he first m ain part , dwells on SQL Ser ver t echniques. Part I I I builds on t he
SQL Ser ver background as it lays a firm foundat ion in .NET t echniques for Visual
Basic .NET dev elopers. Part I , t he int r oduct ory part , dem onst rat es way s t o use
SQL Ser ver and Visual Basic .NET t oget her.

Pa r t I , I nt r odu ct ion

Part I , w hich includes only Chapt er 1, has t hree m ain goals. First , it acquaint s y ou
wit h t he basics of Visual Basic .NET w it hin Visual St udio .NET. You can t hink of
Visual Basic .NET as a m aj or upgrade t o t he Visual Basic 5 or 6 t hat you are
probably using cur rent ly . This first sect ion int r oduces som e concept s t hat you w ill
find useful as y ou init ially learn t he landscape of Visual Basic .NET. The second
goal of Chapt er 1 is t o int r oduce ADO.NET. I f y ou t hink of Visual Basic .NET as a
m aj or upgrade t o Visual Basic 6, ADO. NET is m or e lik e a m aj or overhaul of ADO.
I n t wo sect ions, you get an int roduct ion t o ADO.NET classes— part icular ly as t hey
relat e t o SQL Serv er— and y ou get a chance t o see a couple of beginner sam ples
of how t o creat e SQL Serv er solut ions w it h Visual Basic .NET and ADO.NET. The
t hird goal of t he int roduct ory part is t o ex pose y ou t o Query Analy zer . This is a
SQL Ser ver client t ool t hat ships w it h all com m ercial edit ions of SQL Ser ver 2000.
You can t hink of it as an I DE for T- SQL code. Most of t he book’s first par t relies
heav ily on T- SQL, and t her efor e hav ing a conv enient env ir onm ent for debugging
and running T- SQL code is helpful. The final sect ion of Chapt er 1 addresses t his
goal.

Pa r t I I , SQL Se r v e r

Part I I consist s of six r elat iv ely short chapt ers t hat focus subst ant ially on
program m ing SQL Serv er 2000 w it h T- SQL. Chapt er 2 and Chapt er 3 int r oduce T-
SQL and SQL Serv er dat a t ypes. I f y ou ar e going t o program SQL Ser ver and
creat e efficient , fast solut ions, y ou m ust lear n SQL Ser ver dat a t ypes, which is
one of t he m ain point s conveyed by Chapt er 2. Many r eaders w ill grav it at e t o
Chapt er 3 because it int roduces cor e T- SQL pr ogram m ing t echniques for dat a
access. You’ll apply t he t echniques covered in t his chapt er oft en as y ou select
subset s of r ows and colum ns in dat a sources, group and aggregat e row s from a
t able, pr ocess dat es, and j oin dat a fr om t w o or m or e t ables. Chapt er 3 also
considers special dat a access t opics, such as out er j oins, self j oins and
subquer ies.
The next pair of chapt er s in Part I I , Chapt er 4 and Chapt er 5, t ak e a look at
program m ing dat abase obj ect s t hat you w ill use for dat a access and dat a
m anipulat ion, such as v iews, st ored procedures, user - defined funct ions, and
t riggers. These dat abase obj ect s are im port ant for m any reasons, but one of t he
m ost im port ant is t hat t hey bundle T- SQL st at em ent s for t heir easy r euse. I t is
widely k now n t hat t he best code is t he code t hat you don’t hav e t o wr it e.
Howev er, if y ou do have t o w rit e code, y ou should definit ely wr it e it j ust onc, and
t hen reuse it w henev er you need it s funct ionalit y. St or ed pr ocedur es are
part icular ly desirable dat abase obj ect s because t hey save com piled T- SQL
st at em ent s t hat can deliv er significant speed advant ages ov er r esubm it t ing t he
sam e T- SQL st at em ent for com pilat ion each t im e y ou want t o perform a dat a
access or dat a m anipulat ion t ask. Chapt er 4 and Chapt er 5 ar e also im port ant
because t hey conv ey T- SQL sy nt ax for using param et ers and condit ional logic
t hat support dy nam ic r un- t im e behav ior and user int eract iv it y.
One of t he m ost im port ant feat ur es of SQL Ser ver 2000 is it s XML funct ionalit y .
Because XML as a t opic is changing so rapidly, Micr osoft adopt ed a st rat egy of
upgrading t he SQL Serv er 2000 XML funct ionalit y t hrough Web releases. Alt hough
t hose w it h SQL Serv er 2000 can dow nload t he Web releases w it hout charge from
t he Microsoft Web sit e, t he Web r eleases ar e fully support ed. Chapt er 6
int r oduces core XML funct ionalit y int roduced w it h SQL Ser ver 2000 as w ell as
funct ionalit y fr om t he fir st t wo Web r eleases. I n part icular, y ou can learn in t his
chapt er about I I S v irt ual direct ories as well as form at s for XML docum ent s and
schem as. You also learn about t em plat es in virt ual dir ect or ies t hat facilit at e dat a
access and dat a m anipulat ion t asks over t he Web.
Chapt er 7 closes out t he SQL Ser ver part of t he book w it h an in- dept h look at
program m ing SQL Serv er secur it y . I n t hese t im es, secur it y has grown int o a
m onum ent al t opic, and t his chapt er can k eep y ou out of t rouble by blocking
hackers from get t ing int o or corr upt ing y our dat abase. You learn such t opics as
how t o creat e and m anage differ ent t y pes of login and user account s and how t o
cont r ol t he perm issions available t o indiv idual account s as well as gr oups of
account s. By learning how t o script account s and perm issions w it h T- SQL, y ou
sim plify r ev ising and updat ing secur it y as condit ions change ( for exam ple, w hen
users leav e t he com pany or w hen new , sensit iv e dat a get s added t o a t able) .

Pa r t I I I , .N ET

Chapt er 8 st art s t he .NET part of t he book w it h a r ev iew of select ed .NET t opics

t hat ar e cover ed in t he init ial look Chapt er 1 offer ed at t he .NET Fram ewor k. This
chapt er pr ov ides an ov erv iew of t he archit ect ur e for .NET solut ions, and it dr ills
down on t wo t opics: ASP.NET and XML Web ser vices. The general purpose of t his
chapt er is t he sam e as Chapt er 1, w hich is t o int r oduce concept s. The em phasis
in Chapt er 8 isn’t how y ou do som et hing, but rat her w hat are t he m aj or
t echnologies enabling y ou t o do som et hing. Chapt er 1 and Chapt er 8 are bot h
relat iv ely short chapt ers, but you m ay find t hem invaluable if y ou are t he k ind of
person w ho benefit s from high- lev el ov er views of a collect ion of t opics.
Chapt er 9 st art s wit h a close exam inat ion of how t o use Windows Form s wit h
Visual Basic .NET. I t t hen shift s it s focus t o a review of t radit ional class
processing concept s via Visual Basic .NET as an int r oduct ion t o class inherit ance,
a new obj ect - or ient ed feat ure t hat m ak es it s fir st appearance in Visual Basic w it h
Visual Basic .NET. Next t he t r eat m ent of classes progr esses t o t he handling of
built - in ev ent s as w ell as t he raising of cust om ev ent s. Finally t he chapt er closes
wit h an exam inat ion of t he new except ion handling t echniques for pr ocessing r un-
t im e errors.
Chapt er 10 is a how - t o guide for solut ions t o t y pical pr oblem s w it h ADO.NET.
Befor e launching int o it s progr ession of sam ples show ing how t o perform all k inds
of t asks, t he chapt er st art s wit h an ov er v iew of t he ADO.NET obj ect m odel t hat
covers t he m ain obj ect s along w it h select ed propert ies and m et hods for each
obj ect . The how - t o guide focuses on dat a access t asks, such as select ing rows
and colum ns fr om SQL Ser ver dat abase obj ect s, as well as dat a m anipulat ion
t asks, such as insert ing, updat ing, and delet ing rows in a t able. Work ing t hr ough
t he sam ples in t he how - t o guide offers a hands- on feel for using t he
Syst em .Dat a.SqlClient nam espace elem ent s t o per form t ypical t asks.
Chapt er 11 swit ches t he focus t o t he Web by addressing t he cr eat ion and use of
ASP.NET solut ions. This chapt er st art s by int r oducing basic elem ent s t hat you
need t o k now in order t o use ASP.NET t o cr eat e great Web solut ions wit h Visual
Basic .NET. These include lear ning w hat happens as a page does a r ound- t r ip
from a browser t o a Web serv er and back t o t he br owser— part icularly for dat a
associat ed wit h t he page. Ot her pr elim inary t opics t hat equip y ou for building
professional Web solut ions include running t he sam e page in m ult iple br owser
t ypes and sniffing t he browser for cases in w hich y ou want t o send a page
opt im ized for a specific kind of browser t ype. Managem ent of session st at e is a
m aj or t opic in t he chapt er , and y ou lear n how t o use enhancem ent s t o Session
variables for Web farm s as well as t he new v iew st at e var iables, a non- ser ver -
based t echnique for m anaging st at e in ASP.NET solut ions. The last t wo sect ions in
t he chapt er deal w it h ADO.NET t opics in ASP.NET solut ions and t he new
aut om at ic dat a validat ion feat ur es built r ight int o ASP.NET.
The last t wo chapt ers in t he book explor e how XML int erplays wit h Visual St udio
.NET and SQL Ser ver 2000. For exam ple, Chapt er 12 exam ines special t ools in
Visual St udio .NET t o facilit at e t he design and edit ing of XML docum ent s and
schem as. I n addit ion, y ou learn how t o designat e XPat h queries t hat accept run-
t im e input for r et ur ning SQL Ser ver result set s inside Visual Basic .NET program s.
The chapt er dem onst rat es t echniques for processing t he XML docum ent
associat ed wit h all ADO. NET dat a set obj ect s. I n t he chapt er’s last sect ion, I
present a couple of code sam ples t hat illust rat e how t o pr ogram st at ic HTML
pages based on XML docum ent s wit h XSLT.
Ch a pt e r 1 3 dr ills dow n on XML Web serv ices by dem onst rat ing several differ ent
approaches for cr eat ing Web serv ices as well as consum ing XML out put from Web
serv ices. Web serv ices behave som ewhat like COM obj ect s in t hat y ou can set up
serv er applicat ions for client applicat ions. The ser ver applicat ions expose m et hods
t o w hich t he client applicat ions can pass param et ers. XML com es int o play wit h
Web serv ices in a couple of areas. First , Web ser vices repr esent t heir input s and
out put s v ia WSDL, an XML- based language t hat form ally describes an XML Web
serv ice. Second, Web ser vices ret urn dat a t o t heir client s as XML docum ent s or
docum ent fragm ent s.

Syst e m Re qu ir e m en t s
The requir em ent s for t his book var y by chapt er. I developed and t est ed all
sam ples t hroughout t his book on a com put er equipped wit h Windows 2000
Ser ver, SQL Serv er Ent erprise Edit ion, and t he Ent erprise Dev eloper Edit ion of
Visual St udio .NET, w hich includes Visual Basic .NET. To use t his book, y ou’ll need
t o have Visual Basic .NET or Visual St udio .NET inst alled on your com put er . ( See
Chapt er 1 for m or e inform at ion on v ersions of Visual Basic .NET and Visual St udio
.NET.) I n addit ion, y ou’ll need SQL Serv er 2000, and for som e of t he chapt ers,
you’ll need SQL Serv er 2000 updat ed wit h Web r eleases 1, 2, and 3. Chapt er 6
giv es t he URLs for downloading Web r eleases 1 and 2. Chapt er 12 giv es t wo
different URLs for downloading Web Release 3— one w it h t he SQL Serv er 2000
Web Ser v ices Toolk it and t he ot her wit hout it .
For select ed chapt ers, y ou can run t he sam ples wit h less soft ware or different
operat ing syst em s t han t he one t hat I used. For exam ple, chapt ers 2 t hrough 5
will run on any operat ing syst em t hat support s a com m ercial version of SQL
Ser ver 2000, such as Windows 98 or a m or e recent Windows operat ing syst em .
Chapt er 7 r equires an operat ing syst em t hat support s Windows NT secur it y , such
as Windows 2000 or Windows XP Professional. Chapt er 6, Chapt er 11, and
Ch a pt e r 1 3 r equir e Microsoft I nt ernet I nform at ion Serv ices ( I I S) . I n addit ion,
Chapt er 6 r equires t he inst allat ion of Web r eleases 1 and 2. For Chapt er 11, your
syst em needs t o m eet t he m inim um requirem ent s for ASP.NET. ( See a not e in t he
“How Does ASP.NET Relat e t o ASP?” sect ion of Chapt er 8.) Several of t he
sam ples in Ch ap t er 1 3 require Web Release 3 and it s associat ed SQL Ser ver
2000 Web Serv ices Toolkit .

Sa m ple File s
Sam ple files for t his book can be found at t he Microsoft Press Web sit e, at
ht t p: / / www .m icrosoft .com / m spress/ books/ 5792.asp. Click ing t he Com panion
Cont ent link t ak es you t o a page fr om w hich y ou can dow nload t he sam ples.
Supplem ent al cont ent files for t his book can also be found on t he book’s
com panion CD. To access t hose files, insert t he com panion CD int o y our
com put er’s CD- ROM dr ive and m ake a select ion fr om t he m enu t hat appears. I f
t he Aut oRun feat ure isn’t enabled on y our sy st em ( if a m enu doesn’t appear when
you insert t he disc in y our com put er ’s CD- ROM drive) , r un St art CD.ex e in t he r oot
folder of t he com panion CD. I nst alling t he sam ple files on y our hard disk requir es
approx im at ely 15.3 MB of disk space. I f y ou have t rouble r unning any of t hese
files, r efer t o t he t ext in t he book t hat describes t hese pr ogr am s.
Aside from t he sam ple files t hat t his book discusses, t he book ’s supplem ent al
cont ent includes a st and- alone eBook inst allat ion t hat w ill allow y ou t o access an
elect ronic v ersion of t he pr int book direct ly from your deskt op.

Su ppor t
Ev er y effort has been m ade t o ensure t he accur acy of t his book and t he cont ent s
of t he com panion CD. Microsoft Press pr ov ides cor rect ions for books t hr ough t he
World Wide Web at t he follow ing address:
ht t p: / / www .m icrosoft .com / m spress/ support
To connect dir ect ly t o t he Micr osoft Pr ess Know ledge Base and ent er a query
regarding a quest ion or an issue t hat you m ay have, go t o:
ht t p: / / www .m icrosoft .com / m spress/ support / search.asp
I f you have com m ent s, quest ions, or ideas r egarding t his book or t he com panion
cont ent , or quest ions t hat are not answered by query ing t he Know ledge Base,
please send t hem t o Microsoft Pr ess via e- m ail t o:
m spinput @m icrosoft .com
Or v ia post al m ail t o:
Micr osoft Pr ess At t n: Pr ogram m ing Micr osoft SQL Ser ver 2000 w it h Microsoft
Visual Basic .NET Edit or One Microsoft Way Redm ond, WA 98052- 6399
Please not e t hat product support is not offer ed t hr ough t he above m ail address.
For product support inform at ion, please visit t he Microsoft Support Web sit e at :
ht t p: / / support .m icr osoft .com
Cha pt e r 1 . Ge t t ing St a r t e d w it h Visua l
Ba sic .N ET for SQL Se r v e r 2 0 0 0
This book aim s t o giv e professional dev elopers t he background t hat t hey need t o
program SQL Ser ver applicat ions w it h Micr osoft Visual Basic .NET. This ov erall
goal im plies t hree guidelines:

• First , t he book t arget s pract icing dev elopers. I n m y exper ience, t hese ar e
busy pr ofessionals who need t he det ails fast . These indiv iduals alr eady
know how t o build applicat ions. They buy a book t o lear n how t o build
t hose applicat ions wit h a specific set of t ools.
• Second, t he book is about building applicat ions for SQL Ser ver 2000. This
focus j ust ifies in- dept h coverage of SQL Serv er program m ing t opics— in
part icular, T- SQL, Micr osoft ’s ext ension of t he St ruct ured Query Language
( SQL) .
• Third, t he book illust rat es how t o pr ogr am in Visual Basic .NET, but w it h
part icular em phasis on dat abase issues for SQL Ser ver 2000. Special
at t ent ion goes t o relat ed .NET t echnologies, such as t he .NET Fram ew ork,
ADO.NET, ASP.NET, and XML Web ser vices.

My goal in t his chapt er is t o equip y ou concept ually for t he r est of t he book .

Ther efor e, t his chapt er includes m at er ial t hat acquaint s y ou w it h applicat ion
dev elopm ent t echniques and t opics for SQL Serv er 2000 and Visual Basic .NET.
The discussion of t he sam ples in t his chapt er generally aim s t o convey broad
approaches inst ead of how t o r un t he sam ple. All t he r em aining chapt ers except
for Chapt er 8, anot her concept ual chapt er , hav e sam ples w it h inst ruct ions aim ed
at professional dev elopers.
I believe t hat t he overw helm ing m aj or it y of pr ofessional Visual Basic developers
hav e no hands- on fam iliarit y wit h Visual Basic .NET and it s relat ed t echnologies.
I f you already knew Visual Basic .NET, it wouldn’t m ake any sense t o buy a book
describing how t o use it . This chapt er t herefore focuses on how t o get st art ed
wit h Visual Basic .NET and one of it s cor e r elat ed t echnologies for t hose building
SQL Ser ver applicat ions— ADO. NET. I also believ e t hat m ost Visual Basic
dev elopers don’t have an int im at e know ledge of SQL Serv er — especially for
creat ing user - defined obj ect s, such as t ables, v iews, and st or ed procedur es. This
capabilit y can em pow er you t o build m or e pow erful and m or e secure applicat ions.
As y ou lear n about dat abase obj ect s and how t o creat e t hem in Chapt er 2
t hr ough Chapt er 7, reflect back on t he Visual Basic .NET cov erage in t his chapt er
and how t o m ar ry dat abase creat ion t echniques and Visual Basic .NET
dev elopm ent t echniques. One of t he best t ools t o build dat abase obj ect s is SQL
Ser ver 2000 Query Analyzer . This chapt er’s closing sect ion conveys t he basics of
Query Analyzer t hat you need t o follow t he sam ples in Chapt er 2 t hrough Chapt er
7.

Visua l St u dio .N ET, t h e V isu a l Ba sic .N ET I D E

Visual St udio .NET is t he new m ult ilanguage int egrat ed developm ent env ir onm ent
( I DE) for Visual Basic, C# , C+ + , and JScr ipt developers. I f you are dev eloping
solut ions for Visual Basic .NET, I definit ely r ecom m end t hat you use Visual St udio
.NET as y our dev elopm ent envir onm ent . This sect ion dem onst rat es how t o get
st art ed using Visual St udio .NET for dev eloping solut ions wit h Visual Basic .NET.
Visual Basic .NET is available as part of Visual St udio .NET in four edit ions:

• Professional
• Ent erpr ise Dev eloper
• Ent erpr ise Archit ect
• Academ ic

All four edit ions of Visual St udio .NET include Visual Basic .NET, Micr osoft Visual
C# .NET, Microsoft Visual C+ + .NET, and support for ot her languages. I n
addit ion, Microsoft offer s Visual Basic .NET St andard, w hich doesn’t include Visual
C# .NET or Visual C+ + .NET.
Because t his book t arget s professional Visual Basic dev elopers creat ing SQL
Ser ver applicat ions, it uses t he Ent erpr ise Developer Edit ion of Visual St udio
.NET. You m ay not ice som e differ ences if y ou’r e using anot her edit ion.
Visual St udio .NET can be inst alled on com put ers r unning one of five operat ing
syst em s: Windows 2000, Windows NT, Window s XP, Windows ME, and Windows
98. Not all t he .NET Fram ework feat ures are av ailable for each operat ing syst em .
For exam ple, Windows 98, Windows Me, and Windows NT don’t support
dev eloping ASP.NET Web applicat ions or XML Web serv ices applicat ions. The
sam ples for t his book ar e t est ed on a com put er running Windows 2000 Ser ver,
which does support all .NET Fram ew or k feat ur es.

St a r t ing V isu a l St udio .N ET

To open Visual St udio .NET, click t he St art but t on on t he Windows t ask bar,
choose Program s, and t hen choose Micr osoft Visual St udio .NET. Visual St udio
displays it s int egrat ed dev elopm ent env ironm ent , including t he St art Page ( unless
you prev iously configur ed Visual St udio t o open different ly ) . Fr om t he St art Page,
you can configure Visual St udio t o w ork according t o y our dev elopm ent
preferences, and y ou can st art new solut ions as well as open ex ist ing pr oj ect s.

Con figu r ing V isu a l St udio .N ET f or Visua l Ba sic .N ET

Use t he links on t he left side of t he St art Page t o begin configur ing Visual St udio
.NET for developing solut ions in Visual Basic .NET. Click t he My Pr ofile link t o
open a pane in w hich you can specify an overall profile as w ell as indiv idually
indicat e y our preferences for Keyboard Schem e, Window Lay out , and Help Filt er.
You also can designat e t he init ial page t hat Visual Basic .NET displays. When y ou
are beginning, it m ay be part icular ly conv enient t o choose Show St art Page. As a
Visual Basic dev eloper who has work ed w it h Visual Basic 6, y ou m ight feel m ost
fam iliar w it h a lay out t hat reflect s y our pr ior developm ent env ir onm ent . Figure 1-
1 shows t hese My Pr ofile select ions.

Figu re 1 - 1 . M y Profile se le ct ion s for st a r t in g V isu al St u dio .N ET for a

V isu a l Ba sic de velop e r.
Usin g t h e St a r t Pa ge

Aft er set t ing your pr ofile, you can r et urn t o t he init ial St art Page pane by
choosing t he Get St art ed link from t he m enu on t he left border. I f you had
creat ed pr ev ious solut ions, t he last four m odified proj ect s would appear on t he
Proj ect s t ab of t he St art Page. The t ab shows pr oj ect nam es along w it h dat e last
m odified. I f a pr oj ect y ou want t o v iew doesn’t appear on t he list , you can click
t he Open Proj ect link t o display t he Open Proj ect dialog box and t hen navigat e t o
a direct ory cont aining t he pr ev iously cr eat ed solut ion. Select t he proj ect ’s folder
t hat y ou want t o open in t he I DE, and double- click t he solut ion file ( .sln) for t he
proj ect . The next sect ion illust rat es t his pr ocess in t he cont ext of a sam ple
proj ect .
To cr eat e a new solut ion, click t he New Pr oj ect link t o open t he New Pr oj ect
dialog box . I f y ou saved prefer ences such as t hose show n in Figure 1- 1, t he
dialog w ill aut om at ically select Visual Basic Proj ect s in t he Proj ect Types pane of
t he New Proj ect dialog box. On t he r ight , y ou can select a t em plat e for launching
a proj ect . Table 1- 1 shows t he pr oj ect t em plat e nam es along w it h a br ief
descript ion av ailable from t he Ent erpr ise Dev eloper Edit ion of Visual St udio .NET.
Choosing a t em plat e ( by clicking OK aft er select ing a t em plat e) opens a proj ect
ready for creat ing t he t ype of solut ion t hat y ou want t o dev elop. When Visual
St udio .NET sav es t he t em plat e t o st art a new proj ect , it specifies eit her a file
folder or a Web sit e for t he t em plat e’s files; y ou can overr ide t he default nam es
for t he file folder and Web sit e.
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 CHAPTER XIV.

The hurry and confusion of the battle was over; order was greatly
restored; and the victorious army had encamped on the banks of the
river, when Philip Augustus retired to his own tent; and, after having
been disarmed by his attendants, commanded that they should leave
him alone for an hour. No one was permitted to approach; and the
monarch sat down to meditate over the vast and mighty deed he
had accomplished.

Oh, what a whirlpool of contending feelings must have been

within his bosom at that moment! Policy, triumph, ambition, hate,
revenge, and love, each claimed their place in his heart.

The recollection of the difficulties he had overcome; the fresh

memory of the agitating day in which he had overcome them; the
glorious prospects yet to come--the past, the present, and the
future, raised their voices together, and, with a sound like thunder,
called to him, "Rejoice!"

But Philip Augustus sat with his hands clasped over his eyes, in
deep and even melancholy thought. A feeling of his mortality
mingled, he knew not why or how, even with the exultation of his
victory. To his mind's eye, a shadow, as if from the tomb, was cast
over the banner of his triumph. A feeling of man's transitory
littleness,--a yearning after some more substantial glory, chastened
the pride of the conqueror; and, bending the knee before Heaven's
throne, he prayed fervently to the Giver of all victory.
 After long, deep thought, he recalled his attendants; received
several messengers that had come on from Lille; and, ordering the
hangings of his tent to be drawn up, he commanded the various
chieftains who had distinguished themselves in that day's conflict to
be called around him.

It was a beautiful summer evening; and the rays of the declining

sun shone over the field of battle, into the tent of the victor, as he
sat surrounded by all the pomp of royalty, receiving the greatest and
noblest of his land. For each he had some gratulatory word, some
mention of their deeds, some praise of their exertions; and there
was a tempered moderation in his smile, a calm, grave dignity of
aspect, that relieved his greater barons from the fears which even
they, who had aided to win it, could not help feeling, respecting the
height to which such a victory might carry his ambition. There was
not a touch of pride in his deportment--no, not even of the humility
with which pride is sometimes fond to deck itself. It was evident that
he knew he had won a great battle, and rejoiced--that he had
vanquished his enemies--that he had conquered a confederated
world;--but yet he never felt himself more mortal, or less fancied
himself kindred to a god. He had triumphed in anticipation--the
arrogance of victory had exhausted itself in expectation; and he
found it not so great a thing to have overcome an universe as he
had expected.

"Thanks, brave Burgundy! thanks!" cried he, grasping the hand of

the duke, as he approached him. "We have won a great triumph;
and Burgundy has fully done his part. By my faith! Lord Bishop of
Beauvais, thy mace is as good a weapon as thy crosier. I trust thou
mayest often find texts in Scripture to justify thy so smiting the
king's enemies."

"I spill no blood, sire," replied the warlike bishop: "to knock on
the head, is not to spill blood, let it be remarked."
 "We have, at all events, with thine aid, my Lord of Beauvais," said
the king, smiling at the prelate's nice distinction,--"we have, at all
events, knocked on the head a great and foul confederation against
our peace and liberties.--Ha! my young Lord of Champagne! Valiantly
hast thou won thy knighthood.--Guillaume des Barres, thou art a
better knight than any of the round table; and to mend thy
cellarage, I give thee five hundred acres in my valley of Soissons.
And Pierre de Dreux, too, art thou, for once in thy life, satisfied with
hard blows? De Coucy, my noble De Coucy! to whom I did some
wrong before the battle. As thou hast said thyself, De Coucy, God
send me ever such traitors as thou art! However, I have news for
thee, will make thee amends for one hard word. Welcome, St.
Valery!--as welcome as when you came to my succour this fair
morning. Now, lords, we will see the prisoners--not to triumph over
them, but that they may know their fate."

According to the king's commands, the several prisoners of high

rank, who had been taken that morning, were now brought before
him; a part of the ceremony to which even his own barons looked
with some doubt and anxiety, as well as the captives themselves; for,
amongst those who had fought on the other side, were many who
were not only traitors to the king, inasmuch as violating their oath of
homage rendered them so--but traitors under circumstances of high
aggravation, after repeated pardon and many a personal favour; yet
who were also linked, by the nearest ties of kindred, to those in
whose presence they now stood as prisoners. The first that
appeared was the Earl of Salisbury, who, in the fear caused by the
number of prisoners, had been bound with strong cords, and was
still in that condition when brought before the king.

"I am sorry to see you here, William of Salisbury," said Philip

frankly. "But why those cords upon your hands? Who has dared, so
unworthily, to bind a noble knight? Off with them! quick! Will you not
yield yourself a true prisoner?
 "With all my heart, sir king," replied the earl, "since I may no
better. The knaves tied me, I fancy, lest the prisoners should eat up
their conquerors. But, by my faith! had the cowardly scum who have
run from the field, but fought like even your gownsmen, we should
have won few prisoners, but some glory."

"For form's sake, we must have some one to be hostage for your
faith," said the king, "and then good knight, you shall have as much
liberty as a prisoner may.--Who will be William of Salisbury's surety?"

"That will I," said De Coucy, stepping forward. "In life and lands,
though I have but little of the last."

"Thank thee, old friend," said the earl, grasping his hand. "We
fought in different parts of the field, or we would have tried some of
our old blows; but 'tis well as it is, though 'twas a bishop, they tell
me, knocked me on the head. I saw him not, in faith, or I would
have split his mitre for his pains."

Prisoner after prisoner was now brought before the king, to most
of whom he spoke in a tone to allay their fears. On Ferrand of
Flanders, however, he bent his brows, strongly moved with
indignation, when he remembered the presumptuous vaunting of
that vain light prince, who had boasted that, within a month, he
would ride triumphant into Paris.

"Now, rebellious vassal," said the monarch with severe dignity of

aspect, "what fate does thy treason deserve? Snake, thou hast stung
us for fostering thee in our bosom, and the pleasures of Paris,
shown to thee in the hospitality of our court, have made thee covet
the heritage of thy lord. As thou hast boasted, so shall it befall thee;
and thou shalt ride in triumph into our capital; but, by heaven's
queen! it shall not be to sport with jugglers and courtesans!"

Ferrand turned deadly pale, in his already excited fears,

misconstruing the king's words. "I hope, my lord," said he, "that you
will think well before you strike at my life. Remember, I am but your
vassal for these lands of Flanders, in right of my wife--that I am the
son of an independent monarch, and my life may not----"

"Thy life!" cried Philip, his lip curling with scorn,--"Fear not for thy
pitiful life! Get thee gone! I butcher not my prisoners; but, by the
Lord! I will take good care that ye rebel not again! Now, Renault of
Boulogne," he continued, turning to the gigantic count of Boulogne,
who, of all the confederates, had fought the longest and most
desperately, entertaining no hope of life if taken, both from being
one of the chief instigators of the confederacy, and from many an
old score of rebellion not yet wiped off between himself and the
king. He appeared before the monarch, however, with a frank smile
upon his jovial countenance, as if prepared to endure with good
humour the worst that could befall; and seeing that, as a kind of
trophy, one of the pages bore in his enormous casque, on the crest
of which he had worn two of the broad blades of whalebone, near
six feet high, he turned laughing to those around, while the king
spoke to Ferrand of Flanders--"Good faith," said he, "I thought
myself a leviathan, but they have managed to catch me
notwithstanding."

"Now, Renault of Boulogne," said the king sternly--"how often

have I pardoned thee--canst thou tell?"

"Faith, my lord!" replied the count, "I never was good at

reckoning; but this I do know, that you have granted me my life
oftener than I either deserved or expected, though I cannot
calculate justly how often."

"When you do calculate, then," said Philip, "add another time to

the list; but, remember, by the bones of all the saints! it is the last!"

"Faith! my lord, you shall not break their bones for me," replied
the count. "For I have made a resolution to be your good vassal for
the future; and, as my good friend Count Julian of the Mount says,
my resolutions are as immoveable as the centre."
 "Ha, Count Julian!" said the king. "You are welcome, fair count;
and, by Heaven, we have a mind to deal hardly with you. You have
been a comer and goer, sir, in all these errands. You have been one
of the chief stirrers-up of my vassals against me; and by the Lord! if
block and axe were ever well won, you have worked for them.
However, here stands sir Guy de Coucy, true knight, and the king's
friend; give him the hand of your daughter, his lady-love, and you
save your head upon your shoulders."

"My lord, it cannot be," replied old sir Julian stoutly. "I have
already given the knight his answer. What I have said, is said--my
resolutions are as immoveable as the centre, and I'd sooner
encounter the axe than break them."

"Then, by Heaven! the axe shall be your doom!" cried Philip,

giving way to one of his quick bursts of passion, at the bold and
obstinate tone in which his rebellious vassal dared to address him.
"Away with him to the block! and know, old mover of rebellions, that
your lands and lordships, and your daughter's hand, I, as your
sovereign lord, will give to this brave knight, after you have suffered
the punishment of your treason and your obstinacy."

Sir Julian's cheek turned somewhat pale, and his eye twinkled;
but he merely bit his lip; and, firm in his impenetrable obstinacy,
offered no word to turn aside the monarch's wrath. De Coucy,
however, stepped forward, and prayed the king, as sir Julian had
been taken by his own men, to give him over to him, when he
doubted not he would be able to bring him to reason.

"Take him then, De Coucy," said Philip; "I give you power to make
what terms with him you like; but before he quits this presence, he
consents to his daughter's marriage with you, or he quits it for the
block. Let us hear how you will convert him."

"What I have said, is said!" muttered sir Julian,--"my resolutions

are as immoveable as the centre!"
 "Sir Julian," said De Coucy, standing forward before the circle,
while the prisoner made up his face to a look of sturdy obstinacy,
that would have done honour to an old, well-seasoned mule, "you
told me once, that I might claim your daughter's hand, if ever--
Guillaume de la Roche Guyon, to whom you had promised her, being
dead--you should be fairly my prisoner, and I could measure acre for
acre with your land. Now, I have to tell you, that William de la Roche
fell on yonder plain, pierced from the back to the front by one of the
lances of Tankerville, as he was flying from the field. You are, by the
king's bounty and my good fortune, my true and lawful prisoner; and
surely the power of saving your life, and giving you freedom, may be
reckoned against wealth and land."

"No, no!" said sir Julian. "What I have said----"

But he was interrupted by the king, who had recovered from the
first heat into which sir Julian's obstinacy had cast him, and was now
rather amused than otherwise with the scene before him. "Hold,
count Julian!" cried he, "Do not make any objection yet. The only
difficulty is about the lands, it seems--that we will soon remove."

"Oh, that alters the case," cried count Julian, not sorry in his
heart to be relieved from the painful necessity of maintaining his
resolution at the risk of his life. "If you, sire, in your bounty, choose
to make him my equal in wealth--William de la Roche Guyon being
dead, and I being his prisoner,--all the conditions will be fulfilled, and
he shall have my daughter. What I have said is as firm as fate."

"Well then," replied the king, glancing his eye towards the barons,
who stood round, smiling at the old knight's mania, "we will not only
make De Coucy your equal in wealth, sir Julian, but far your superior.
A court of peers, lords!--a court of peers! Let my peers stand
around."

Such of the spectators as were by right peers of France, advanced

a step from the other persons of the circle, and the king proceeded.
 "Count Julian of the Mount!" said he in a stern voice, "We, Philip
the Second, king of France, with the aid and counsel of our peers,
do pronounce you guilty of leze majesté; and do declare all your
feofs, lands, and lordships, wealth, furniture, and jewels, forfeited
and confiscate to the Crown of France, to use and dispose thereof,
as shall be deemed expedient!"

"A judgment! a judgment!" cried the peers while the countenance

of poor Count Julian fell a thousand degrees. "Now, sir," continued
the king, "without a foot of land in Europe, and without a besant to
bless yourself,--William de la Roche Guyon being dead, and you that
good knight's prisoner,--we call upon you to fulfil your word to him,
and consent to his marriage with your daughter, Isadore, on pain of
being held false and mansworn, as well as stubborn and mulish."

"What I have said is said!" replied count Julian, putting forth his
wonted proposition in a very crest-fallen tone. "My resolutions are
always as firm as the centre.--De Coucy, I promised her to you,
under such circumstances. They are fulfilled, and she is your's--
though it is hard that I must marry my daughter to a beggar.

"Beggar, sir!" cried the king, his brow darkening again; "let me tell
you, that though rich enough in worth and valour alone to match the
daughter of a prince, sir Guy de Coucy, as he stands there,
possesses double in lands and lordships what you have ever
possessed. De Coucy, it is true: the lands and lordships of
Tankerville, and all those fair domains upon the banks of the broad
Rhone, possessed by the Count of Tankerville, who wedded your
father's sister, are now yours, by a charter in our royal treasury,
made under his hand, some ten years ago, and warranted by our
consent. We have ourself, pressed by the necessities of the state,
taken for the last year the revenue of those lands, purposing to
make restitution--to you, if it should appear that the count was really
dead--to him, if he returned from Palestine, whither he was said to
have gone. But we find ourself justified by an unexpected event. We
acted in this by the counsel of the wise and excellent hermit of
Vincennes, now a saint in God's paradise: and we have just learned,
that the count de Tankerville himself it was who died ten days ago in
the person of that same Bernard, the anchorite of Vincennes. He
had lived there in that holy disguise for many years; and it was so
long since we had seen him, the change in his person, by fasts and
macerations, was so great, and his appearance as a hermit
altogether so different from what it was as the splendid Count of
Tankerville, that, though not liable to forget the faces we have seen,
in his case we were totally deceived. On his death-bed he wrote to
us this letter, full of pious instruction and good counsel. At the same
time, he makes us the unnecessary prayer of loving and protecting
you. You, therefore, wed the proud old man's daughter, far his
superior in every gift of fortune; and, as some punishment to his
vanity and stubbornness, we endow you and your heirs with all
those feofs that he has justly forfeited, leaving you to make what
provision for his age you yourself may think fit."

Count Julian hung his head; but here let it be said, that he had
never any cause to regret that the king had cast his fortunes into
such a hand; for De Coucy was one of those whose hearts, nobly
formed, expand rather than contract under the sunshine of fortune.

CHAPTER XV.

Six days had elapsed after the scenes we have described in our two
last chapters, and Philip Augustus had taken all measures to secure
the fruits of his victory, when, at the head of a gay party of knights
and attendants, no longer burdened with warlike armour, but
garmented in the light and easy robes of peace, the conquering
monarch spurred along the banks of the Oise, anxious to make
Agnes a sharer of his joy, and to tell her that, though the crafty
policy of Rome still prolonged the question of his divorce, he was
now armed with power to dictate what terms he pleased, and to
bring her enemies to her feet.

The six months had now more than expired, during which he had
consented not to see her; and that absence had given to his love all
that magic light with which memory invests past happiness. The
brightest delight, too, of hope was added to his feelings,--the hope
of seeing joy reblossom on the cheek of her he loved, and the
inspiration of the noblest purpose that can wing human endeavour
carried him on,--the purpose of raising, and comforting, and
bestowing happiness.

It may easily be believed, then, that the monarch was in one of

his gayest and most gladsome moods; and to De Coucy, who rode
by his side, full of as high hopes and glad anticipations as himself, he
ever and anon poured forth some of the bright feelings that were
swelling in his bosom.

The young knight, too, hurrying on towards the castle of

Rolleboise, where Isadore, now his own, won by knightly deeds and
honourable effort, still remained, uncertain of her fate--gave way at
once more to the natural liveliness of his disposition; and, living in
an age when Ceremony had not drawn her rigid barrier between the
monarch and his vassal, suffered the high spirits, which for many
months had been, as it were, chained down by circumstance, to
shine out in many a quick sally and cheerful reply.

The death of his companion in arms, the unhappy Count

d'Auvergne, would indeed throw an occasional shade over De
Coucy's mind. But the regrets which we in the present age
experience for the loss of a friend in such a manner--and which De
Coucy was formed to feel as keenly as any one--in that age met with
many alleviations. He had died knightly in his harness, defending his
monarch; he had fallen upon a whole pile of enemies his hand had
slain; he had wrought high deeds, and won immortal renown. In the
eyes of De Coucy, such a death was to be envied; and thus, though,
when he thought of never beholding his friend again, he felt a touch
of natural grief for his own sake; yet, as he remembered the manner
of his fate, he felt proud that his friend had so finished his career.

It was a bright July morning, and would have been extremely hot,
had not an occasional cloud skimmed over the sky, and cast a cool
though fleeting shadow upon the earth. One of these had just
passed, and had let fall a few large drops of rain upon them in its
course, the glossy stains of which on his black charger's neck Philip
was examining with the sweet idleness of happiness, when De Coucy
called his attention to a pigeon flying overhead.

"A carrier pigeon, as I live! my lord!" said the knight. "I have seen
them often in Palestine. Look! there is its roll of paper!"

"Has any one a falcon?" cried the king, apparently more agitated
than De Coucy expected to see, on so simple an event. "I would give
a thousand besants for a falcon!"

One of the king's pages, in the train, carried, as was common in

those days even during long journies, a falcon on his wrist; and,
hearing the monarch's exclamation, he, in a moment, unhooded his
bird, and slipped its gesses. Lifting its keen eyes towards the skies,
the hawk spread its wings at once, and towered after the pigeon.

"Well flown, good youth!" cried the king. "What is thy name?"

"My name is Hubert," replied the boy, somewhat abashed, "My

name is Hubert, beau sire."

"Hubert? What, nothing else? Henceforth, then be Hubert de

Fauconpret;" and having sportively given this name to the youth--a
name which descended distinguished to after years, he turned his
eyes towards the falcon, and watched its progress through the sky.
"The bird will miss his stroke, I fear me," said the king, turning
towards De Coucy; and then, seeing some surprise at his anxiety
painted on the young knight's countenance, he added, "That pigeon
is from Rolleboise. I brought the breed from Ascalon. Agnes would
not have loosed it without some weighty cause."

As he spoke, the falcon towered above the pigeon, struck it, and
at a whistle brought it, trembling and half dead with fear, to the
page, who instantly delivered it from the clutches of its winged
enemy, and gave it into the hands of the king. Philip took the scrap
of paper from the poor bird's neck, caressed it for a moment, and
then again threw it up into the air. At first, it seemed as if it would
have fallen, from the fear which it had undergone, though the well-
trained falcon had not injured it in the least. After a few faint whirls,
however, it gained strength again, rose in a perpendicular line into
the sky, took two or three circles in the air, and then darted off at
once directly towards Paris.

In the meanwhile, Philip Augustus gazed upon the paper he had

thus received; and, whatever were the contents, they took the
colour from his cheek. Without a word, he struck his horse violently
with his spurs, urged him into a gallop, and, followed by his train as
best they might, drew not in his rein till he stood before the barbican
of the castle of Rolleboise.

Pale cheeks and anxious eyes encountered his glance, as he

dashed over the drawbridge the moment it was lowered. "The
queen?" cried he, "the queen? How fares the queen?" But, without
waiting for a reply, he sprang to the ground in the court, rushed past
the crowd of attendants, through the hall, up the staircase, and
paused not, till he reached the door of that chamber which he and
Agnes had inhabited during the first months of their union; and in
which, from its happy memories, he knew she would be fond to
dwell. There, however, he stopped, the beating of his heart seeming
almost to menace him with destruction if he took a step farther.
 There was a murmur of voices within; and, after an instant's
pause, he opened the door, and gliding past the tapestry, stood at
the end of the room.

The chamber was dim, for the night was near; but at the farther
extremity was the faint light of a taper contending with the pale
remains of day. He could see, however, that his marriage-bed was
arrayed like the couch of the dying, that there were priests standing
round in silence, and women in tears; while one lovely girl, whose
face he knew not, knelt by the bed-side, and supported on her arm
the pale and ashy countenance of another, over which the grey
shadow of death seemed advancing fast.

Philip started forward. Could that be Agnes--that pale, blighted

thing, over whose dim and glassy eyes a strange unlife-like film was
drawn, the precursor of the shroud? Could that be Agnes--the
bright--the beautiful--the beloved?

A faint exclamation, which broke from the attendants as they

beheld him, reached even the heavy ear of the dying. The film was
drawn back from her eyes for a moment; life blazed up once more,
and concentrated all its parting light in the full, glad, ecstatic gaze
which she fixed upon the countenance of him she loved. A smile of
welcome and farewell hung upon her lip; and, with a last effort, she
stretched forth her arms towards him. With bitter tears, Philip
clasped her to his bosom. Agnes bent down her . . . head upon his
neck and died!

Oh, glory! oh, victory! oh, power! Ye shining emptinesses! Ye

bubbles on the stream of time!

FOOTNOTES
Footnote 1: Generally and rationally supposed to have been derived
from the country which poured forth the first numerous bands
of these adventurers; i.e. Brabant. See Ducange, La Chenaye
du Bois, &c. Philip Augustus in the end destroyed them for a
time.

Footnote 2: The great companies of the fourteenth century had their

type in the Brabançois, and various other bodies of
freebooters, which appeared previous to that period. The
chief characteristic of all of these bands was, the having
degenerated from soldiers to plunderers, while they
maintained a certain degree of discipline and subordination,
but cast off every other tie.

Footnote 3: M. Charles Nodier.

Footnote 4: To ride a mare was reckoned in those days unworthy of

anyone but a juggler, a charlatan, or a serf.

Footnote 5: Although this act of rashness certainly breathes the

spirit of romance, yet such things have been done, and even
in our own day.

Footnote 6: This is no fantastic remedy, but one of the most

effectual the author of this work has ever seen employed. The
skin of a sheep, however, is not a whit less potent in its
effects than the skin of an izzard.

Footnote 7: Philip Augustus, after the death of his first wife, being
still a very young man, married Ingerburge, sister of Canute,
King of Denmark; but on her arrival in France, he was seized
with so strong a personal dislike to her, that he instantly
convoked a synod of the clergy of France, who, on pretence
of kindred in the prohibited degrees, annulled the marriage.
Philip afterwards married the beautiful Agnes, or Mary, as she
is called by some, daughter of the Duke of Istria and Meranie,
a district it would now be difficult to define, but which
 comprehended the Tyrol and its dependencies, down to the
Adriatic.--See Rigord Gud. Brit. Lit. Innoc. III. Cart Philip II.
&c.

Footnote 8: One of the four methods of electing a Pope is called by

adoration, which takes place when the first Cardinal who
speaks instantly (as is supposed by the movement of the Holy
Ghost) does reverence to the person he names, proclaiming
him Pope, to which must be added the instant suffrage of
two-thirds of the assembled conclave.

Footnote 9: For a fuller account of this singular person, and the

effect his counsels had upon the conduct of Philip Augustus,
see Rigord.

Footnote 10: Later instances exist of wax having been used in the
accounts of the royal treasury of France.

Footnote 11: The Chronicle of Alberic des Trois Fontaines gives some
curious particulars concerning this personage, and offers a
singular picture of the times.

Footnote 12: The difference between the chaperon, or hood, and the
aumuce was, that the first was formed of cloth or silk, and
the latter of fur.--Dic. des Franc.

Footnote 13: The name of Augustus was given to Philip the Second,
even in the earlier part of his lifetime, although Mézerai
mistakingly attributes it to many centuries afterwards. Rigord,
the historian and physician, who died in the twenty-eighth
year of Philip's reign, and the forty-second of his age, styles
him Augustus, in the very title of his manuscript.

Footnote 14: It will be understood that this sudden appearance of

the legate is a historical fact.
Footnote 15: Ducange cites the following formula from a work I
cannot meet with. The passage refers to a fraternity of arms
between Majon, high admiral of Sicily, and the archbishop of
Palermo.

"Dictum est præterea quod ii, juxta consuetudinem Siculorum,

fraternæ fœdus societatis contraxerint, seseque invicem
jurejurando astrinxerunt ut alter alterum modis omnibus
promoveret, et tam in prosperis quàm in adversis unius
essent animi, unius voluntatis atque consilii; quisquis alterum
læderet, amborura incurreret offensam."

The same learned author cites a declaration of Louis XI.

where he constitutes Charles, Duke of Burgundy, his sole
brother in arms, thereby seeming to imply that this adoption
of a brother in arms was restricted to one.--Ducange, Dissert.
xxi.

Footnote 16: This singular picture of the barbarism of the age

immediately preceding that of Philip Augustus is rendered as
literally as possible from the Life of Louis le Gros by Suger,
Abbot of St. Denis.

Footnote 17: This part of the dress was a small pouch borne under
the arm, and called escarcelle, or pera, when carried by
pilgrims to the Holy Land. With the utmost reverence for the
learning, talent, and patience of Ducange, it appears to me
that he was mistaken in his interpretation of a passage of
Cassian, relative to this part of the pilgrim's dress. The
sentence in Cassian is as follows: "Ultimus est habitus eorum
pellis caprina, quæ melotes, vel pera appellatur, et baculus;"
 which Ducange affirms to mean, that they wore a dress of
goat-skins, a wallet, and a stick. Embarrassed by taking
habitus in the limited sense of a garment, I should rather be
inclined to think that the author merely meant that the last
part of their (the monks') dress was what is called a pera,
made of goat-skins, and a stick, and not three distinct
articles, as Ducange imagines.--See Ducange, Dissert. xv.

Footnote 18: Guillaume le Breton says unqualifiedly, that Richard

Cœur de Lion invented the arbalète, or cross-bow. Brompton,
on the other hand, only declares that he revived the use of it,
"hoc genus sagittandi in usum revocavit."

Footnote 19: This must not be looked upon as an expression

hazarded without authority, notwithstanding its homeliness.
The only titles of honour known in those days were
Monseigneur, My Lord; Illustres Seigneurs, applied in general
to an assembly of nobles; and Beau Sire, or Fair Sir, which
was not only bestowed upon kings, on all occasions, but,
even as lately as the reign of St. Louis, was addressed to God
himself. Many prayers beginning Beau Sire Dieu are still
extant.

Footnote 20: Eleanor Plantagenet, who was detained till her death,
to cut off all change of subsequent heirs in the line of
Geoffrey Plantagenet, John's elder brother.

Footnote 21: I know not precisely how far back a curious antiquary
might trace the existence of such places of public reception. I
find one mentioned, however, in the Chronicle of Vezelai,
about fifty years prior to the period of which I write.

Footnote 22: There are various differences of opinion concerning the

persons to whom the use of the haubert was confined.
Ducange implies, from a passage in Joinville, that this part of
the ancient suits of armour was the privilege of a knight. Le
 Laboureur gives it also to a squire. But the Brabançois and
other bands of adventurers did not subject themselves to any
rules and regulations respecting their arms, as might be
proved from a thousand different instances.

Footnote 23: This conversation is reported by the chroniclers of the

time to have taken place previous to Arthur's confinement in
the tower of Rouen.

Footnote 24: The French writers of that day almost universally agree
in attributing the death of Arthur to John's own hand. The
English writers do not positively deny it, and we have
indubitable proof that such was the general rumour through
all the towns and castles of Europe at the time.--See Guill.
Guiart. Guill. de Nangis. Guill. le Breton. Mat. Paris, &c.

Footnote 25: It has been asserted that these troops received no pay,
but supported themselves by plunder. I find them, however,
called mercenaries in more than one instance, which clearly
implies that they fought for hire.

Footnote 26: Constable of Normandy in the year 1200, and

following, as appears from a treaty between John and Philip,
concluded at Gueuleton.

Footnote 27: Seldon has said that the custom of bearing coronets by
peers is of late days. In this assertion, however, he is
apparently mistaken, the proofs of which may be seen at
large in Ducange, Dissért, xxiv. R. Hoved. 792. Hist. des
Compte de Poitou, &c. The matter is of little consequence,
except so far as the representation of the manners and
customs of the times is affected by it.

Footnote 28: The closed crown was not introduced until the reign of
Louis XII. or Francis I.
Footnote 29: A different banner from the famous oriflamme which
was the standard of St. Denis.

Footnote 30: Lacurne de St. Palaye was decidedly wrong in

attributing the use of the lance solely to knights. Besides the
example before given, the present instance of the serjeants of
Soissons puts the matter beyond doubt. The words of
Guillaume Guiart are--

"Serjanz d'armes cent et cinquante. Criant

Monjoie! ensemble brochent; Vers les rens des
Flamens deseochent Les pointes des lances
enclines," &c.

That the serjeants of arms of Soissons were simple burghers

is evident from the contempt with which the Flemish knights
received them--Guil. le Breton, in vit. Phil. Aug.

Footnote 31: This circumstance, however extraordinary, is not the

less true; and though attributed by the various chroniclers to
various persons, is mentioned particularly by all who have
described the battle of Bovines.
 THE END.

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