CORE MATH More about Graphs of Functions 1

More about Graphs of Functions (last updated: Jan 2025)

Conventional Questions

CQ1. [2324/S6/PreMock/I/18(8)]
Let f(x) = –3x2 – 6mx + 4m2 – 4m + 1 , where m is a positive integer. Denote the vertex of the graph of y = f(x) by
F.
(a) Using the method of completing the square, express the coordinates of F in terms of m . (2 marks)
(b) Let g(x) = –f(x) and h(x) = g(x – m) . Denote the vertices of the graph of y = g(x) and the graph of y = h(x) be
G and H respectively. Describe the geometric meaning of the transformation from the graph of y = f(x) to the
graph of y = h(x) . (2 marks)
(c) Denote the circumcircle of ∆FGH by C . Given that K is a point on C . L is the tangent to C at K and
parallel to FH . If the area of ∆FGH is 42 , find the area of ∆FKH . (4 marks)

CQ2. [2324/S5/2/Exam/I/20(9)(modified)]
(a) PQRS is a quadrilateral such that PQ = QR , PS = RS and ÐPQR = 90˚ . Let ÐPSR = θ . Prove that
PQ 2
= 1− cosθ . (2 marks)
PS 2
(b) Let f(x) = –x + k . If the graph of y = f(x) intersects the x-axis and y-axis at point A and B respectively, where
k is a positive constant. The graph of y = g(x) is obtained by reflecting the graph of y = f(x) with respect to the
y-axis and then translate the resulting graph downwards by k units. Denote the origin by O .
(i) Find g(x) .
(ii) Describe the geometric relationship between the graph of y = g(x) and AB . Explain your answer.
(iii) Let C be the circle centred at O passing through A and B . F is a point in quadrant I and lies on C . Let
D be the circle passing through A , B and another point G . It is given that F is the circumcentre of ∆ABG .
Find the ratio of the area of circle C to the area of circle D .
(7 marks)

CQ3. [2324/S4/2/Exam/I/14(9)]
Let f(x) = x2 – 2nx + 4n2 + 5 , where n is a real constant. Denote the vertex of the graph of y = f(x) by P .
(a) Using the method of completing the square, express the coordinates of P in terms of n . (3 marks)
(b) Using (a), or otherwise, show that the graph of y = f(x) does not cut the x-axis. (2 marks)
(c) Let g(x) = f(–x) – 8 and Q be the vertex of the graph of y = g(x) .
(i) Express the coordinates of Q in terms of n .
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(ii) Given the slope of the perpendicular bisector of PQ is , find the coordinate of the circumcentre of
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∆PQR , where the coordinates of the point R are (–17, 0) .
(4 marks)

CQ4. [2223/S6/Mock/I/10(7)(modified)]
It is given that f(x) partly varies as x2 and partly varies as x . Suppose that f(1) = –1 and f(5) = 55 .
(a) Find f(x) . (3 marks)
(b) Using the method of completing the square, find the coordinates of the vertex of the graph of y = f(x) .
(2 marks)
(c) The graph of y = g(x) is produced by enlarging the graph of y = f(x) along x-axis to 3 times of the original,
then the graph y = g(x) is translated vertically by k units to produce the graph of y = h(x) . Find the value of k
such that the graph of y = h(x) touches the x-axis at exactly one point.
(2 marks)

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CQ5. [2223/S6/PreMock/I/16(7)(modified)]
It is given that f(x) = ax2 – 6ax + 9a + 36 , where a is a real number.
(a) By using the method of completing the square, find the coordinates of vertex of the graph of y = f(x) .
(2 marks)
(b) The graph of y = f(x) passes through the origin. Let P be the vertex of the graph of y = f(x) . Q is the vertex of
the graph of y = f(x + 75) .
(i) R is a point lying on the x-axis. Let T be the orthocentre of ∆PQR . Suppose T also lies on the x-axis . Find
all possible coordinates of T .
(ii) Someone claims that the area of the circumcircle of ∆PQR exceed 4420 . Do you agree? Explain your
answer.
(5 marks)

CQ6. [2223/S5/2/Exam/I/16(8)]
It is given that g(x) partly varies as x2 and partly varies as x . Suppose g(3) = –30 and g(–3) = 66 .
(a) Find g(x) . (3 marks)
(b) Let A be the vertex of the graph of y = g(x) and B be the vertex of the graph of y = –g(2x) .
(i) Using the method of completing the square, find the coordinates of A .
(ii) Write down the coordinates of B .
(iii) The coordinates of the point C are (–60, –34) . Let D be the circumcentre of ∆ABC . Describe the geometric
relationship between B , C and D . Explain your answer.
(5 marks)

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CORE MATH More about Graphs of Functions 3

Multiple Choice Questions

MC1. [2324/S6/Mock/II/37]
If the graph of y = f(x) is reflected about the y-axis, then translated 5 units to the right, then the equation of the new
graph is

A. y = –f(x – 5) .
B. y = –f(x + 5) .
C. y = f(5 – x) .
D. y = f(–5 – x) .

MC2. [2324/S6/Mock/II/27]
The figure shows the graphs of y = f(x) and y = g(x) on the same rectangular coordinate system. Then g(x) may be
equal to y
y = g(x)
A. −f (2x + 2) .
y = f(x)
B. −f (2x − 2) .
⎛x ⎞
C. −f ⎜ + 2⎟ .
⎝2 ⎠ x
O
⎛x ⎞
D. −f ⎜ − 2⎟ .
⎝2 ⎠

MC3. [2324/S5/2/Exam/II/38]
The figure shows the graph of y = f(x) .
y
8 y = f(x)

x
O 8
If f(x) = 2g(4x) , which of the following may represent the graph of y = g(x) ?

A. B.
y y
4 y = g(x) 16 y = g(x)

x x
O 32 O 32

C. D.
y y
16 y = g(x) 4 y = g(x)

x x
O 2 O 2

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MC4. [2223/S6/Mock/II/35]
Which of the following may represent the graph of y = f(x) and the graph of y = –f(x + 2) in the same rectangular
coordinate plane?

A. B.
y y
y = –f(x + 2) y = –f(x + 2)

x x
O O
y = f(x) y = f(x)

C. D.
y y = –f(x + 2) y

y = –f(x + 2)
x x
O O
y = f(x) y = f(x)

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CORE MATH More about Graphs of Functions 5

MC5. [2223/S5/2/Exam/II/37]
⎛ x⎞
The figure shows the graph of y = f(x) . If g(x) = f ⎜ ⎟ , which of the following graphs may represent the graph of
⎝ 2⎠
y = g(x) ?
y
y = f(x)

x
–2 O 2

–2

A. B.
y y
y = g(x) y = g(x)

x x
–2 O 2 –1 O 1

–4 –2

C. D.
y y
y = g(x) y = g(x)

x x
–4 O 4 –1 O 1

–2 –4

MC6. [2122/S6/Mock/II/32(modified)]
y
y = f(x)

x
–4 –1 O 2 5

Let f(x) be a quadratic function. The figure above may represent the graph of y = f(x) and

A. the graph of y = f(–x + 1) .

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CORE MATH More about Graphs of Functions 1

Numerical Answers

CQ1. MC1. C
(a) (–m, 7m2 – 4m + 1) MC2. C
(b) Reflecting along x-axis and MC3. A
translate to the right by m units MC4. B
(c) 442 MC5. C
MC6. A
CQ2.
(b)(i) g(x) = x
(b)(ii) The graph of y = g(x) is the
perpendicular bisector of AB
(b)(iii) 1: 2 − 2

CQ3.
(a) P(n, 3n2 + 5)
(c)(i) Q(–n, 3n2 – 3)
(c)(ii) (–8, 2)

CQ4.
(a) f(x) = 3x2 – 4x
⎛ 2 4⎞
(b) ⎜ ,− ⎟
⎝ 3 3⎠
4
(c)
3

CQ5.
(a) (3, 36)
(b)(i) (–24, 0) or (–45, 0)
(b)(ii) The claim is disagreed.

CQ6.
(a) g(x) = 2x2 – 16x
(b)(i) (4, –32)
(b)(ii) (2, 32)
(b)(iii) D is the mid-point of BC.