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The document outlines the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture, detailing the roles of each component and its application in Node.js/Express and the MERN stack. It also discusses React's component-based architecture, including concepts like virtual DOM, unidirectional data flow, and state management. Additionally, it provides MongoDB query examples and code snippets for Express and React components.

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2 views

FullStackLabTestAnswers

The document outlines the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture, detailing the roles of each component and its application in Node.js/Express and the MERN stack. It also discusses React's component-based architecture, including concepts like virtual DOM, unidirectional data flow, and state management. Additionally, it provides MongoDB query examples and code snippets for Express and React components.

Uploaded by

jyotiprakashsilicon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Theory - MVC and React Architecture

Q: What does MVC stand for?

A: Model-View-Controller.

Q: Role of Model in MVC?

A: Manages data and business logic.

Q: Role of View in MVC?

A: Handles the display/UI layer.

Q: Role of Controller in MVC?

A: Handles input, updates model, and returns a response.

Q: Key benefit of MVC?

A: Separation of concerns for better maintainability.

Q: Explain MVC architecture in Node.js/Express with examples.

A: Model: Mongoose schema, View: React front-end, Controller: Express routes.

Q: React and MVC?

A: React is mainly View but also has logic, challenging strict MVC use.

Q: Compare MVC vs React architecture.

A: MVC separates concerns strictly; React combines View and some logic.

Q: MVC in MERN stack?

A: MongoDB: Model, Express: Controller, React: View, Node.js: Runtime.

React Architecture
Q: What is component-based architecture?

A: UI broken into reusable, independent components.

Q: Role of virtual DOM?

A: Lightweight copy of real DOM for efficient updates.

Q: What is unidirectional data flow?

A: Data flows from parent to child via props.

Q: Purpose of Reconciliation?
A: Process to update the DOM after changes.

Q: What are HOCs?

A: Functions that take and return enhanced components.

Q: React component lifecycle?

A: Includes mounting, updating, unmounting with useEffect hooks.

Q: State Management in React?

A: Local: useState; Global: Redux/Zustand/Recoil.

Q: Role of hooks?

A: Enable state and side-effects in functional components.

Q: JSX to DOM flow?

A: JSX -> React.createElement -> Virtual DOM -> Real DOM update.

MongoDB Query Tasks


Q: Users from NY > 30

A: db.users.find({ city: "New York", age: { $gt: 30 } })

Q: Orders > 500 sorted

A: db.orders.find({ price: { $gt: 500 } }).sort({ orderDate: -1 })

Q: Users with active/inactive

A: db.users.find({ status: { $in: ["active", "inactive"] } })

Q: Orders with 'phone'

A: db.orders.find({ product: { $regex: "phone", $options: "i" } })

Q: Order count/user

A: db.orders.aggregate([{ $group: { _id: "$userId", count: { $sum: 1 } } }, { $sort: { count: -1 } }])

Q: Total revenue/user

A: db.orders.aggregate([{ $group: { _id: "$userId", revenue: { $sum: { $multiply: ["$price",

"$quantity"] } } } }])

Q: Join users with orders

A: db.users.aggregate([{ $lookup: { from: "orders", localField: "_id", foreignField: "userId", as:


"orders" } }])

Q: Quantity 1-5

A: db.orders.find({ quantity: { $gte: 1, $lte: 5 } })

Q: Price > 1000, sum qty

A: db.orders.aggregate([{ $match: { price: { $gt: 1000 } } }, { $group: { _id: "$product", totalQty: {

$sum: "$quantity" } } }])

Q: Join and unwind orders

A: db.users.aggregate([{ $lookup: { from: "orders", localField: "_id", foreignField: "userId", as:

"orders" } }, { $unwind: "$orders" }])

Code Examples
Q: Express server

A: const express = require('express'); const app = express(); app.listen(3000);

Q: MongoDB connection

A: mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/test').then(() => console.log('db connected'));

Q: Welcome component

A: const Welcome = ({ name }) => <h1>Welcome {name}</h1>;

Q: Dark mode toggle

A: const [dark, setDark] = useState(false);

Q: Counter component

A: const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

Q: Random joke (useEffect)

A: useEffect(() => { fetch(...).then(...) }, []);

Q: Controlled form

A: const [input, setInput] = useState('');

Q: Map list

A: array.map(item => <li>{item}</li>);

Q: Todo list add


A: setTodos([...todos, newTodo]);

Q: Clock with useEffect

A: useEffect(() => { const i = setInterval(...); return () => clearInterval(i); }, []);

Q: Button with props

A: const Button = ({ text, onClick }) => <button onClick={onClick}>{text}</button>;

Q: Conditional render

A: isLoggedIn ? <Dashboard /> : <Login />;

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